Full text of "Basic English Grammar ERWIN

HARI KURNIAWAN"
See other formats

BASIC ENGLISH
GRAMMAR

ERWIN HARI KURNIAWAN

SMA3 PRESS
MOBILE 085645781246

EDC-SMA NEGERI 3 KEDIRI 2010/2011

WRITTENBY:
ERWIN H A R I KURNIAWAN
kurniawan_eh@[Link]
DEDICATED TO:

MY PARENTS

BELOVED WIFE

AND MY SWEET SON, DANISH

EDC-SMA NEGERI 3 KEDIRI 2010/2011

TENSES

Tenses adalah perubahan kata kerja yang dipengaruhi oleh waktu dan sifat
kejadian. Semua kalimat dalam bahasa Inggris tidak lepas dari tenses
karena semua kalimat pasti ada hubungannya dengan waktu dan sifat
kejadiannya.

Waktu

Present
Past

Future

Sifat

Kejadiannya

Simple Present

Simple Past

Simple Future

Present

Continouos

Past Continouos

Future

Continouos
Present Perfect

Past Perfect

Future Perfect

Present Perfect
Continuous

Past Perfect
Continuous

Future Perfect
Continuous

SIMPLE PRESENT

A. Pola Kalimat

(+) S + V-l (s/es) + O + keterangan waktu.

(-) S + do/does + not + V- 1 + O + keterangan waktu.

(?) Do/does + S + V-1 + 0 + keterangan waktu?

Contoh :

(+) You study English at MEC everyday.

(-) You don't study English at MEC everyday.

(?) Do you study English at MEC everyday?

1. Kalau subjek kalimat orang ketiga tunggal (the third person

singular-she/he/it), kata kerja harus ditambah dengan "s" atau
"es" dalam kalimat positif (positive statement).

Contoh: Mary usually goes swimming on Saturday morning.

Mother always serves our breakfast before we go to

school.

My brother likes playing tennis on Sunday morning.

2
EDC-SMA NEGERI 3 KEDIRI 2010/2011

2. Akhiran "s" pada kata kerja

Pada umumnya kata kerja ditambah dengan akhiran "s" jika

subjeknya orang ketiga tunggal (the third person singular -
he/she/it).

Contoh:

I work five days a week.

We play tennis every Sunday

The boys play in the garden

She works five days a week.

Father takes a train to go to office.

A mouse eats my food every morning

3. Akhiran "es" digunakan pada kata kerja yang huruf akhirnya

"s, eh, sh, x, o", jika subjeknya orang ketiga tunggal.
Sedangkan kata kerja yang huruf akhirnya "y" dan didahului
huruf mati, y ditukar dulu dengan "i" kemudian ditambah
"es"

Contoh:

I pass the house.

You watch television.

We wash our clocthes.

They go to office.

I study English

He passes the house.

John soes to office.

She washes her clothes.

She watches television.

He studies English

4. .Kalimat menyangkal (negative)

Kalimat menyangkal (negative) dibentuk dengan
menempatkan "do not/dont atau does not/doesn't" sesudah
subjek kalimat. "Doesnt" digunakan untuk orang ketiga
tunggal (he doesn't, she doesn't, it doesn't), sedangkan "dont"

EDC-SMA NEGERI 3 KEDIRI 2010/2011

digunakan untuk selain orang ketiga tunggal (I don't, you dont,

we dont, they dont).

Contoh:

You don't so swimming on Monday.

We don '1 work on Saturday.

I don 't work at the aircraft factory.

He doesn 't work on Saturday.

My brother doesn V play football every day.

John doesn 't work at the aircraft company

5. Kalimat tanya (interrogative)

Kalimat tanya (interrogative) dibentuk dengan menempatkan

kata Bantu "do atau does"di depan kalimat. "Does"
digunakan untuk orang ketiga tunggal (he, she, it), sedangkan
"do" digunakan untuk selain orang ketiga tunggal (I, you, we,
they). "Do/does" dalam kalimat tanya artinya"apakah" dan
kata kerjanya tidak lagi menggunakan akhiran "s/es"
walaupun subjek kalimatnya orang ketiga tunggal
Contoh:

Do you always go to office by train?

Do they go swimming every Sunday?

Do the boys like this film?

Does your brother work for bank Mandiri ?

Does he go swimming every Sunday?

Does the boy like this film?

4
EDC-SMA NEGERI 3 KEDIRI 2010/2011

6. Kesesuaian subject dan auxiliary verb di tenses ini adalah

sebagai berikut:

DO digunakan oleh subject I, you, we, dan they.

DOES digunakan oleh subject she, he, dan it.

B. Penggunaan

1. Simple Present digunakan untuk menunjukkan suatu peristiwa,

kejadian, kegiatan yang terjadi berulang-ulang, atau merupakan
suatu kebiasaan (habit).

Contoh:

I leave for office at 6 every morning.

My father works five days a week.

Father always drinks tea in the afternoon.

2. Simple Present juga digunakan untuk menunjukkan suatu fakta

(fact) atau suatu yang merupakan kebenaran umum (general
truth).

Contoh:
The River Nile flows into Mediterranean.

Jet engines make a lot of noise.

Vegetarians dont eat meat and fish.

3. Simple Present juga digunakan untuk menunjukkan sesuatu

yang akan terjadi di waktu yang akan datang, jika kita
membicarakan suatu Jadwal, program, dan lain-lain.

Contoh:

The second train leaves at 10 a.m.

The football match starts at 4 p.m tomorrow.

The second film begins at 7 p.m.

C. Keterangan Waktu (Adverb of time)

1. Adverb of frequency

always

Usually

generally

ever (?)
Sometimes

occasionally

selalu

biasanya

umumnya

pemah

kadang-kadang

kadarag-kaclang

EDC-SMA NEGERI 3 KEDIRI 2010/2011

never : tidak pernah

Seldom : j arang

2. Adverb of quantity

once ...
once a day
once a week
twice . . .
three times . . .
every ...

sekali ...

sekali dalam sehari

sekali dalam seminggu
duakali ...
tiga kali dalam ...
setiap ...

Exercise

A. Make the sentences using the phrases below

a) eat breakfast
b) go to class

c) put on my clothes

d) drink a cup of coffee/tea

e) shave

f) put on my make-up

g) take a shower/bath

h) get up

i) pick up my books

j) walk to the bathroom

k) watch TV

l) look in the mirror

m) turn off the alarm clock

n) go to die kitchen/the cafeteria

o) brush/comb my hair

p) say good-bye to my roommate, wife/husband

q) brush my teeth
r) do exercises

s) wash my face

t) stretch, yawn, and rub my eyes

EDC-SMA NEGERI 3 KEDIRI 2010/2011

B. Put the following sentences into simple present. Use the words in
parentheses!

1 . My sister still . . . (make) some mistakes in pronunciation.

2. Hendry always ... (do) his weekly report on Monday

afternoon.

3. Mr. David's secretary always ... (type) a lot of letters in the

office.

4. Some of us ... (work) overtime on Saturday.

5. He . . . (come) early because he . . . (want) to see you.

6. They always . . . (report) to their superior once a week.

7. Our receptionist always . . . (serve) the customers patiently.

8. His assistant never . . . (forget) to record the daily transactions.

9. One of them often . . . (pass) my house in the morning.

10. We (go) to the seaside every Saturday.

C. Change the following sentences into negative!

1 . The man comes here just to take this letter.

2. One of my brothers works for Bank of America in Jakarta.

3. He makes his weekly report regularly.

4. My manager always spends a lot of money on books every

month.

5. The cashier goes to the bank to cash the cheque.

D. Change the following sentences into interrogative!

1. The man withdraws some money from his account once a

week.

2. One of the men wants to see our manager this afternoon.

3. Some of them always finish their work on time.

4. My friend teaches English twice a week.

5. We always start work at 8 o'clock every morning.

EDC-SMA NEGERI 3 KEDIRI 2010/2011

E. First, read and complete the text with phrases from the box.

f\

wakes the children up 10 p.m. 20 children 6 o'clock

many times very tired gives them breakfast

taxi bus St Johns Hospital

V)

My name is Jennie. Im a nurse and I work

at I look after sick children at night. I start

work at and finish early

at in the morning. I go to work by

but I come home in the morning

by because Im tired. I

have in my section. I look at the

children during the night. Sometimes I sit

and talk to a child. The children sleep most of the time. At 6 oclock the

day nurse arrives and She

at 7 o'clock. I go home and go

to bed at 8 o'clock. I usually feel

F. Now use this information to complete the questions that John

asks Jennie.

1 . What do you do ?

2. Where ?

3. What time ?

4. What time ?

5. How ?

6. How ?
7. How many ?

8. How often ?

9. When ?

10. What at 7 o'clock?

1 1 . How when you go home?

EDC-SMA NEGERI 3 KEDIRI 2010/2011

G. Write the missing verbs in the sentences below. Choose from

the following:

cry dence drink drive laugh listen put read

run sing sleep study swim want write

1. Alice and Max are learning to dance the tango.

2. We usually football songs on the bus.

3. 1 feel tired today because 1 didnt. last night.

4. He doesnt go to the beach because he cant very

well.

5. I always to the news on the radio in the morning.

6. Are we going to to the airport or go by bus?

7. Its a really sad film. It made me .

8. I think I'll some letters tonight.

9. Jim Carrey is so funny. He always makes me .

10. Dont all the orange juice now. Leave some for

breakfast.

11. I always the newspaper before I go to work.

12. The bus is at the stop now. If we , well catch it.

13. She's not hungry. She doesnt any cake.

14. Id like to medicine at college.

15. Shall I the milk in the fridge?

9
EDC-SMA NEGERI 3 KEDIRI 2010/2011

PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE

A. Pola Kalimat

(+) S + to be (is, am, are) + V-ing + 0+ keterangan waktu.

(-) S + to be (is, am, are) + not + V-ing + 0+ keterangan waktu

(?) To be (is, am, are) + S + V ing + 0+ keterangan waktu?

Contoh :

(+) We are studying English at BEC now.

(-) We arent studying English at BEC now

(?) Are we studying English at BEC now?

1. Kalimat menyangkal (negative)

Kalimat menyangkal (negative) dibentuk dengan menambahkan

"not" sesudah to be (am not, is not/isn't, are not/aren't) dan ditempatkan
sesudah subjek kalimat.

Contoh :
Mary is not/isn't typing the monthly report.

The students are not/aren't studying English in the classroom.

I'm not/ am not preparing a minute of meeting.

2. Kalimat tanya (interrogative)

Kalimat tanya (interrogative statement) dibentuk dengan

menempatkan to be (is, am, atau are) di depan kalimat. Dalam kalimat
tanya to be "am, is, atau are" artinya "apakah".

Contoh : Are you doing your homework?

Is your father still working in the office?

Are the children playing in the garden?

3. Kesesuaian subject dan auxiliary verb di tenses ini adalah

sebagai berikut :

AM digunakan oleh subject I.

IS digunakan oleh subject she, he, dan it.

ARE digunakan oleh subject you, we, dan they.

B. Penggunaan

1 . Present continuous tense digunakan untuk menunjukkan suatu

kejadian atau perish wa yang sedang teijadi atau berlangsung
10

EDC-SMA NEGERI 3 KEDIRI 2010/2011

saat kita sedang bicara

Contoh:

My brother is painting the house.

Please be quiet! The baby is sleeping .

Listen! The neighbors are quarrelling again.

2. Present continuous tense digunakan untuk menunjukkan suatu

kejadian atau peristiwa yang bersifat sementara (temporary).
Contoh:

I am livins with my friend until I can find a house.

This machine is not working well.

John is livins in his friend's flat at the moment.

David is always busy because he is working on his thesis.

3. Present continuous tense digunakan tamtuk menunjukkan

suatu keadaan atau situasi yang berubah-ubah.

Contoh:

The population of Indonesia is risins very fast.

Our economic situation is already very bad and it is setting

worse.

The cost of living is increasing Every month things are

dearer.

4. Present continuous tense digunakan untuk menunjukkan sesuatu

yang akan dilakukan di waktu yang akan datang dan telah
direncanakan atau ditentukan sebelumnya.

Contoh: I am meeting my father at the station tomorrow

morning.

We are holidaying in Europe next month.

My father is having a meeting with his staff

tomorrow morning.

5. Beberapa kata kerja tidak digunakan dalam present

continuous tense. Kita tidak boleh mengatakan, "I am liking
mango very much," tapi kita hams mengatakan, "I like mango
very much." Beberapa kata kerja yang tidak digunakan dalam
present continuous tense adalah:

kata yang menyangkut pancaindera : see, hear, notice,

recognize.
11

EDC-SMA NEGERI 3 KEDIRI 2010/2011

kata-kata yang menyangkut emosi : want, desire, smell,

notice, forgive, wish, care, like, hate, adore, dislike,
kata-kata yang menyangkut pikiran : think, feel, realize,
understand, know, mean, suppose, believe, expect, remember,
recollect, forget, recall, trust, mind,
kata-kata yang menyangkut milik : own, belong, possess,
kata -kata kerja seperti : seem, signify, appear,- contain,

consist, keep, concern, matter

Contoh :

a. I am knowing her well. (Poor)

I know her well. (Good)

b. I am understanding what you are meaning (Poor)

I understand what you mean. (Good)

C. Kata/frase yang biasa digunakan dalam present continuous tense

Now : Sekarang

At present : Sekarang Ini .

At this moment : Pada Saat Ini

Right now : Sekarang Ini

Still : Masih

Look : Lihat

Listen : Dengarkan

Exercise

A Put the following sentences into present Continuous. Use the

words in parentheses!

1 . One of my assistants . . . (correct) the financial report.

2. Some of them . . . (work) in the factory.

3. The two men . . . (discuss) their new plans.

4. The girl . . . (take) something in that room.

5. My assistant . . . (analyze) their proposal in his room.

6. She . . . (talk) to one of our regular customers in that room.

7. My friend. . . (Park) his car beside that building.

8. The mechanic. . . (Repair) my car in my garage.

9. One of them . . . (try) to open the door.

10. They . . . (do) their English exercises in the classroom.

12

EDC-SMA NEGERI 3 KEDIRI 2010/2011

B. Change the following sentences into negative!

1 . My accountant is calculating the total expenses we need.

2. My little sister is returning the books to the library.

3. The guests are having lunch with my supervisor.

4. John is paying the food he ordered.

5. My supervisor is still training some new employees in the

training room.

C. Change the following sentences into interrogative!

1 . She is doing something in the meeting room.

2. The investors are calling all mechanical staffs in London.

3. Billy is reporting to his boss in the head office.

4. Brenda is recording all today's transactions.

5. The receptionists are still talking to one of my guests.

D. Look at the picture and the description. Re-write the

description to make it correct.

Steve is reading a newspaper. The children, Sam and Eric, are playing
with a ball. They are both wearing sunglasses. Pam is cooking chicken.
She's laughing because the smoke is getting in her eyes. Jo is standing
with her mother and is listening to music on her personal stereo. She is
eating an orange. Fred, the dog, is lying on the grass asleep.

1 . Steve is not reading newspaper. He is reading a book

2. Sam and Eric '

13

EDC-SMA NEGERI 3 KEDIRI 2010/2011

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

E.

1.

2.

3.
4.

5.

6.

7.

8.
9.

10 .

Simple present vs. present progressive. Directions: Use either

the simple present or the present progressive of the verbs in
parentheses.

Diane can't come to the phone because she (wash) is

washing her hair.

Diane (wash) her hair every other day or so.

Kathy (sit, usually) in the front row during

class, but today she (sit) in the last row.

Please be quiet. I (try) to concentrate.

(you, lock, always) the door to

your apartment when you leave?

I wrote to my friend last week. She hasnt answered my letter yet. I

(wait, still) for a reply.

After six days of rain. I'm glad that the sun (shine)
again today.

Every morning, the sun (shine)

bedroom window and (wake) _
A: Look! It (snow

_ in my
me up.

B: It's beautiful! This is the first time I've ever seen snow. It (snow,

not) in my country.

A: Close your eyes. Now listen carefully. What (I, do)

?
B: You (rub the top of your desk

with your hand.

A: Close, but not exactly right. Try again.

B: Aha! You (rub) your hands

together.

A: Right!

14

EDC-SMA NEGERI 3 KEDIRI 2010/2011

PRESENT PERFECT TENSE

A. Pola Kalimat

(+) S + have/has + V-3 + O

(-) S +-have/has + not + V-3 + 0
(?) Have/has + S + V-3 + O?
Contoh :

(+) We have visited him.

(-) we have not/havent visited him

(?) Have we visited him?

1. Kalimat Tanya (interrogative)

Kalimat tanya (interrogative) dibentuk dengan menempatkan

"have/has" di depan kalimat. dalam kalimat tanya, kata kerja
selalu dalam bentuk past participle.

Contoh:

Has your brother got a job? (Apakah saudaramu sudah

mendapat pekerjaan?)

Have you made a decision where you will continue

your study? (Apakah kamu sudah membuat keputusan
ke mana kamu akan meneruskan kuliahmu?)

2. Kalimat menyangkal (negative)

Kalimat menyangkal (negative) dibentuk dengan

menambahkan "not" sesudah "have/ has" (have not/haven't,
has not/hasn't) dan ditempatkan sesudah subjek kalimat.
Contoh:

I have not/haven't done my report for this week. (Saya

belum mengerjakan laporan saya untuk minggu ini.)
 She has not hasnt typed the weekly report. (Dia
belum mengetik laporan mingguan itu.)

Father has not/hasnt paid his installment for this

month. (Ayah belum membayar cicilamrya untuk
bulan ini.)

3. Kesesuaian subject dan auxiliary verb di tenses ini adalah

sebagai berikut :

15

EDC-SMA NEGERI 3 KEDIRI 2010/2011

HAVE digunakan oleh subject I, you, we, dan they.

HAS digunakan oleh subject she, he, dan it.

4. Keterangan waktu yang biasa dipakai dalam tenses ini adalah

Already
 for

since

ever

just

recently

B. Penggunaan

1. Present perfect tense digunakan untuk menunjukkan suatu

kejadian atau peristiwa yang terjadi pada waktu lampau dan
masih berlangsung sampai sekarang.

Contoh:

We have occupied this house for seven years. (Kami

sudah menempati rumah ini selama tujuh tahun)

My brother has studied English for seven months.

(Saudara saya sudah belajar bahasa Inggris selama
tujuh bulan)

2. Present perfect tense digunakan untuk menunjukkan suatu

kejadian atau peristiwa yang terjadi pada waktu lampau dan
masih ada hubungannya dengan waktu sekarang atau
akibatnya dapat dilihat/dirasakan sekarang.

Contoh :
 My father has bought a new car. (Ayah saya sudah
membeli sebuah mobil baru)

Brenda has passed from senior high school. (Brenda

sudah lulus dari sekolah menengah atas)

3. Present perfect tense juga digunakan dengan "this morning,

this afternoon, today, this week, this month, this year" untuk
menunjukkan bahwa sesuatu kejadian atau perbuatan telah
dilakukan berulang kali.

sudah
Selama
Sejak
Pemah
Bam saja
Baru-baru ini

16

EDC-SMA NEGERI 3 KEDIRI 2010/2011

Contoh:

I have tried to contact him three times today. (Saya

sudah mencoba menghubunginya tiga kali hari ini)

She has visited this country twice this month. (Dia

sudah mengunjungi negara ini dua kali bulan ini)

Exercise

A. Put the following sentences into Present Perfect Tense. Use the
words in parentheses!

1 . They . . . (complete) the new building.

2. Father . . . (buy) a new car for his son.

3. My secretary. . . (post) the letters.

4. Mr. Smith ... (sell) one of his cars.

5. I believe that they . . . (transfer) the money.

B. Put the following sentences into negative!

1 . She has finished typing all the reports.

2. Our translators have translated this novel into Indonesian.

3. All of them have left the tiny village.

4. One of my classmates has just celebrated her birthday.

5. They have abandoned the burning ship.

C. Put the following sentences into interrogative!

1 . I have contacted his manager three times today.

2. They have printed this best seller novel three times this year.

3. We have occupied this new house for two months.

4. My sister has visited our grandfather at this village many

times.

5. This old city has changed a lot since I left it thirty years ago.

17

EDC-SMA NEGERI 3 KEDIRI 2010/2011

FAMILY LIFE

'My name's Charlotte. I'm married to John. We have two children,

Stephen and Sylvia. My mums name is Theresa ami my father is called
Alan. I have two sisters and a brother - Emily, Rebecca and Michael.
Emily's married to Craig and they have a son called Freddie and twin
daughters, Lizzie and Vicky.'

18

EDC-SMA NEGERI 3 KEDIRI 2010/2011

2 What do they all say about family life? Choose the correct
word tor each gap.

aunt cousin daughter grandchildren

granddaughter grandfather grandmother grandson

husband mother nephews nieces

parents sisters son uncle wife

Alan

Theresa

Stephen

Michael

Craig

Rebecca

Sylvia

Freddie

Theresa

Sylvia

Freddie

Theresa

Alan

My (a) son Michael, is teaching me to use a

computer. I want to get on the Internet.

It was my birthday last week. My

(b) Freddie made me a big chocolate

cake.

My (c) Michael is great. He always buys

me the best computer games.

I've got three (d) and two

(e) . Christmas is a very expensive time for

me!

My (f) 's family is really nice. Her

(g) , Theresa, is great with the children.

Emily is always very tired. Her (h) ,

Craig, never helps her with the twins.

My (i) Emily is quite fat.

I hate my (j) , Lizzie and Vicky. They cry

all the time. My (k) , Stephen, is cool.

He's brilliant at football.

I'm a bit worried about my (1) Rebecca.

She hasnt got a job or a boyfriend at the moment.

Both my (m) wear glasses. I dont want to

wear glasses when I grow up.

My (n) is called Theresa and

my(o) is called Alan.

My five (p) are the best thing in my life. I

love those twins, Lizzie and Vicky.

My (q) Sylvia is a very clever girl. Shell

go far in life.

19

EDC-SMA NEGERI 3 KEDIRI 2010/2011

Preposition

Write the missing prepositions in the sentences.

Use these prepositions:

-at- at at at tor for in in in in in on on on

1 . Lei's go somewhere exciting at the weekend.

2. Would you like to come lo my party Friday?

3. Alice is going to Spain. Shell be away three weeks.

4. I usually finish work four o'clock the

afternoon.

5. We got to London nine o'clock.

6. They got married the twenty- first of August.

7. She's in the police so she often has to work night.

8. We arc now living the twenty-first century.

9. Were going on holiday for three weeks the summer.

10. She went to Italy two weeks July.

11. They met in Paris 1982.

12. You can't go to bed early New Year's [Link]!

CLASSROOM EXPRESSIONS

Come in
Sit down, please
Stand up, please
Open your book
Close your book
Dont open your book
Do you understand?
Listen and repeat
Thats great!

Lets begin now

Who is absent today?
Please, come forward!
Erase the white board
Have you finished?
Come forward, please!

Masuklah / Silahkan masuk

Silahkan duduk
Silahkan berdiri
Buka bukumu
Tutup bukumu
J angan buka bukumu
Apakah kamu mengerti?
Dengarkan dan tirukan
Itu bagus
Mari kita mulai sekarang
Siapa yang tidak masuk hari ini?
Tolong maju ke depan
Hapus papan tulisnya
Apakah kamu sudah selesai?
Tolong maju ke depan!

20

EDC-SMA NEGERI 3 KEDIRI 2010/2011

Switch on the lamp! :

Its your turn! :

Nyalakan lampunya!
Ini giliran mu!

Dont disturb your

Dont be noisy!

Do by yourself!
friends! :

Jangan ganggu teman2 mu!

Jangan ramai!

Kerjakan sendiri!

Our Activities

North :

Utara

Find

Menemukan

East :

Timur

Gate
Gerbang

South :

Selatan

Fence

Pagar

West :

Barat

Bridge

Jembatan

Turn :

Belok
Circle

Bundaran

Post office :

Kantor pos

Border

Perbatasan

Crossroad :

Perempatan

Garden

Taman

Three junctions: Per3an

Stadium

Stadion

Dead alley :

Gang buntu

Field

Lapangan

Right side :

Sebelah kn

Straight

Lurus

One line :
satu jalur

Zigzag

Berliku-liku

Side walk :

Trotoar

Pass

Melewati

Right :

Kanan

Go on

Terus
Left :

Kiri

Highway

Jalan raya

Traffic light :

Lampu lalin

Post office

Kantor pos

Traffic sign :

Rambu lalin

Grade
Tanjakan

Desy : Excuse me, would you like to tell me the way to go to police
station from post office?

Dea : Its OK. If you want to go to police station from post office,
after getting out of the gate of post office you must turn right
and then go straight on to the east for about 500 meters, you
will pass SMPN1 KEDIRI and will find the first crossroad.
From that crossroad, you must turn right and please go straight
on to the south and you will pass the majors office on your
right side and will find the second crossroad again. From that
crossroad, you must turn right again and go straight on to the
west for about 200 meters and on your left side is police
station.

Desy : Thanks for your information

21

EDC-SMA NEGERI 3 KEDIRI 2010/2011

Dea : Youre welcome

22

EDC-SMA NEGERI 3 KEDIRI 2010/2011

SIMPLE PAST TENSE

A. Pola Kalimat

(+) S + V 2 + 0 + keterangan waktu.

(-) S + did + not + Vi + 0+ keterangan waktu.

(?) Did + S + Vi + 0+ keterangan waktu?

Contoh :

(+) Y ou visited my mother yesterday.

(-) You didnt visit my mother yesterday.

(?) Did you visit my mother yesterday?

1. Simple past tense menggunakan keterangan waktu lampau.
Keterangan waktu yang sering digunakan dalam simple past
tense adalah:

2. Semua subject menggunakan DID untuk kalimat negative

dan interrogative

B. Penggunaan

1. Simple past tense digunakan untuk menunjukkan suatu

kejadian, peristiwa atau keadaan yang terjadi pada waktu
lampau.

Contoh:

The children enjoyed the party last night.

His father died when he was ten years old.

2. Simple past tense juga digunakan untuk menanyakan waktu

terjadinya suatu kejadian atau peristiwa

Contoh:

When did you buy this new car?

When did she get married?

When did you buy this English dictionary?

When did your brother leave for England?

Exercise

a. Put the following sentences into simple past tense. Use the
verbs in parentheses!

1 . They (use) this room to discuss their plans last night.

2. The man (reserve) two double rooms last week.

23

EDC-SMA NEGERI 3 KEDIRI 2010/2011

3. Mr. Brown (return) from England last week.

4. My brother (apply) for a job last month and he was

accepted.

5. They (finish) work at 5.50 yesterday afternoon.

b. Put the following sentences into simple past tense. Use the
verbs in parentheses.

1 . She . . . (take) the stamps from my drawer yesterday morning.

2. They . . . (spend) the night at one of my friend's last night.

3. My secretary . . . (bring) all the books home last week.

4. A friend of mine . . . (get) a job here a month ago.

5. My boss ... (give) me a good dictionary for my birthday

present.

c. Change the following sentences into negative!

1 . Mr. Skousens signed these two cheques last Monday.

2. I met them at the airport two weeks ago.

3. The bank debited the amount from my account last week.

4. We settled all the payments when I was abroad last month.

5. I decided to contact your service manager yesterday morning.

d. Change the following sentences into Interrogative!

1 . He promised to take me home last night.

2. Jane stopped working because she had got a better job.

3. She often had lunch late because she was very busy.

4. My sister took a bus because her driver was ill.

5. She went home late because she had to work overtime.

24

EDC-SMA NEGERI 3 KEDIRI 2010/2011

e.

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.
10 .

Fill the missing words below using simple past of present

perfect. Use the words in the bracelet.

What (you, learn ) have you learned since you (come)

here? And how many new friends (you, make)

Since classes began, I (have, not) much

free time. I (have) several big tests to study

for.

Last night my friend and I (have) some free

time, so we (go) to a show.

I admit that I (get) older since I last (see)

you, but with any luck at all, I (get, also)

wiser.

The science of medicine (advance) a

great deal in the 19th century.

In the last fifty years, medical scientists

(make) many important discoveries.

Libraries today are different from those in the 1800s. For example,

the contents of libraries (change) greatly

through the years. In the 1800s, libraries (be) simply

collections of books. However, today most libraries (become)

multimedia centers that contain tapes,

computers, disks, films, magazines, music, and paintings. The role

of the library in society (change, also) In the

1800s, libraries (be) open only to certain people,

such as scholars or the wealthy. Today libraries serve everyone.

A: Are you taking Chemistry 101 this semester?

B: No, I (take, already) it. I (take)

it last semester. This semester I'm in 102.

A: Hi, Judy. Welcome to the party, (you, meet, ever)

my cousin?

B: No, I
A: Do you like lobster?

B: I dont know. I (eat, never) it.

25

EDC-SMA NEGERI 3 KEDIRI 2010/2011

f. Write the missing verbs in the sentences below in the Past

Simple. Choose from the following:

call clean cry enjoy invite jump move need

plan rain show stop talk use wait

1 . The weather was terrible in Ireland. It rained nearly every day.

2. Why do the windows look dirty already? 1 them

yesterday.

3. He was only three when his parents from London to

New York.
4. Yesterday Maria . me an amazing photo of you.

5 . I to Karen at the party. She was really interesting.

6. She was really happy when she won the tennis match and she over

the net.

7. 1 you three times this afternoon, hut your phone was always

engaged.

8. We forty people to the party, but only twenty came.

9. She went to the shops because she to buy some milk and

eggs.

10. Tha nk you for a wonderful evening. 1 really it.

1 1 . My little sister when our cat died.

12. 1 reading that computer book because it was so boring.

13. 1 didn't write in pen. 1 a pencil.

14. We for you for an hour outside the cinema. Where were

you?

15. They looked at the map and their journey.

26

EDC-SMA NEGERI 3 KEDIRI 2010/2011

PAST CONTINUOUS TENSE

A. Pola Kalimat

(+} S + was/were + V_i ng + O + keteraagan waktu

(-) S + was/were + not + V. ing + 0 + keteraagan waktu

(?} Was/were + S + V_i ng + 0 + keterangan waktu?

Contoh :

{+) We were watching movie at 02.00 pm yesterday.

(-) We weren't watching movie at 02.00 pm yesterday

(?) Were we watching movie at 02.00 pm yesterday?

1 . Kalimat menyangkal (negative statement)

Kalimat menyangkal (negative statement) dibentuk dengan

menambahkan "not" sesudah "was/ were" (was not/wasnt,
were not/weren't) dan ditempatkan sesudah subjek kalimat.
Contoh :

I was not/wasnt waiting for a bus at 5 yesterday afternoon.

(Saya tidak sedang menunggu bis pada jam 5 sore kemarin.)

She was not/wasnt doing her homework when mother

called her last night. (Dia tidak sedang mengerjakan
pekerjaan rumahnya ketika ibu memanggilnya tadi malam.)

2. Kalimat tanya (interrogative statement)

Kalimat tanya (interrogative statement) dibentuk dengan

menempatkan "was/were" di depan kalimat. Dalam kalimat
tanya, "was/were" berarti "apakah".

Contoh :

Were you studying English at 6 oclock p.m yesterday?

(Apakah kamu sedang belajar bahasa Inggris pada jam 6
kemarin sore?)

Was she reading a book when you came to her house last
night? (Apakah dia sedang membaca buku ketika kamu
datang ke rumahnya tadi malam?)

3. Kesesuaian subject dan auxiliary verb di tenses ini adalah

sebagai berikut :

WAS digunakan oleh subject I, she, he, dan it.

27

EDC-SMA NEGERI 3 KEDIRI 2010/2011

WERE digunakan oleh subject you, we, dan they

4. Keterangan waktu yang biasa dipakai dalam tenses ini adalah

... when : ... ketika

while ... : sementara ...

At ... o clock yesterday : pada pukul . . . kemarin

All morning yesterday : Sepanjangpagi kemarin

B. Penggunaan

1. Untuk menyatakan aktivitas yang sedang dilakukan di masa

lampau.

Contoh : I was studying, at eight o'clock last night

2. Past continuous tense digunakan untuk menunjukkan suatu

kejadian atau peristiwa yang sedang terjadi pada suatu saat
tertentu di waktu lampau.
Contoh :

I was watching television at eight o'clock last night.

(Saya sedang menonton televisi pada jam delapan tadi
malam. )

She was doing her homework at 2 p.m. yesterday.

(Dia sedang mengerjakan pekerjaan rumahnya pada
jam dua sore kemarin.)

3. Past continuous digunakan untuk menunjukkan suatu

kejadian atau peristiwa yang sedang berlangsung pada waktu
lampau dan kemudian kejadiaa atau peristiwa lainnya
menyusul.

Contoh :

When I came home last night, my little sister was

watching television. (Ketika saya pulang ladi malam,
adik saya sedang menonton televisi.)

They were waiting for a bus when I met them

yesterday afternoon. (Mereka sedang menunggu bis
ketika saya betemu mereka kemarin sore.)

She was typing a letter when I wanted to see her. (Dia

28
EDC-SMA NEGERI 3 KEDIRI 2010/2011

sedang mengetik sepucuk surat ketika saya ingin

bertemu dengannya.)

4. Past continuous tense juga digunakan untuk menunjukkan

dua kejadian atau peristiwa yang sedang berlangsung pada
saat yang sama di waktu lampau.

Contoh :

I was watching television while father was reading a

book, atau While father was reading a book, I was
watching television.

The students were discussing their lesson while the

professor was speaking to his guest, atau While the
professor was speaking to his guest, the students were
discussing their lesson.

Exercise

a. Put the following sentences into Past Continuous Tense. Use the

words in parentheses!

1 . Jane . . . (eat) breakfast when her friends called yesterday

morning.

2. The students . . . (talk), when the teacher entered the room.

3. While Jane . . . (clean) the apartment, her husband . . . (read) a

magazine.

4. She . . . (cook) the lunch when her friends came to her house.

5. We . . . (have) lunch when you came to my office yesterday.

6. Jack . . . (paint) the house when you called him yesterday

afternoon.

7. When you came to my house last night, I . . . (type) this

report.

8. They (discuss) their next plans while we . . . (prepare)

something yesterday morning'

9. When he left me, I . . . (talk) to one of our customers.

10. I got a phone call from my father when I . . . (work) in the

office yesterday morning.

29
EDC-SMA NEGERI 3 KEDIRI 2010/2011

b. Supply the correct past forms of the verbs, Simple Past or

Past Continuous

1 . I am sitting in class right now. I (sit) was

sitting in class at this exact same time yesterday.

2. I don't want to go to the zoo today because it is raining. The

same thing happened yesterday. I (want, not)

to go to the zoo because it

(rain) .

3. I (call) Roger at nine last night, but he

(be, not) at home. He (study)

at the library.

4. I (hear, not) the thunder

during the storm last night because I

(sleep)

5. It was beautiful yesterday when we went for a walk in the

park. The sun (shine) A

cool breeze (blow) The birds (sing)

6. My brother and sister (argue) about

something when I (walk) into the room.

7. I got a package in the mail. When I (open)

a surprise.

8. While Mrs. Emerson (read)

the little boy a story, he (fall) ; asleep, so she

(close) the book and quietly (tiptoe)

out of the room.

9. A: Why weren't you at the meeting?

B: I (wait) for an overseas

call from my family.

10. A; (you, hear) what she

just said?

B: No, I (listen, not) I

(think) about something else.

30

EDC-SMA NEGERI 3 KEDIRI 2010/2011

SIMPLE FUTURE TENSE

A. Pola Kalimat

(+) S + will + Vi( bare infinitive) + 0 + keterangan waktu.

(-) S + will + not + Vi( bare infinitive) + 0 + keterangan waktu.

(?) Will + S + Vi( bare infinitive) + 0 + keterangan waktu ?

Contoh :

(+) She will visit me tomorrow.

(-) She will not visit me tomorrow.

(?) Will she visit me tomorrow?

1 . Kalimat menyangkal (negative statement)

Kalimat menyangkal (negative statement) dibentuk dengan
menambahkan "not" sesudah "WILL" (will not/won't) dan
ditempatkan sesudah subjek kalimat.

Contoh : John will not read magazine tomorrow

2. Kalimat tanya (interrogative statement)

Kalimat tanya (interrogative statement) dibentuk dengan

menempatkan "WILL" di depan kalimat. Dalam kalimat
tanya, "WILL" berarti "apakah".

Contoh : Will they sell the old house next year?

3. Seluruh subject di tenses ini menggunakan satu auxiliary verb

yang sama yaitu WILL.

4. Keterangan waktu yang dipakai dalam tenses ini adalah :

Tomorrow : besok

Next : yang akan datang

Later : kemudian

B. Penggunaan

Simple future tense digunakan untuk menunjukkan suatu kejadian

atau peristiwa yang akan terjadi atau dilakukan pada waktu yang akan
datang. Untuk menunjukkan suatu rencana, "will" digunakan untuk
semua kata ganti. Tapi dalam bahasa lisan biasanya digunakan bentuk
singkatan (contraction fonn), yaitu I'll, We'll dsb.
31

EDC-SMA NEGERI 3 KEDIRI 2010/2011

Ill probably leave for America next week.

We'll probably spend our holidays in Bali next year.

She'll call you this afternoon.

Read these famous failed predictions. Then complete the sentence

using will + the verb in brackets.

a) We are in September 1914: according to most newspapers in

Britain and Gennany, the war (be) will be over by Christmas.

They cannot imagine that the war ( continue ) untill918,

and (claim) the lives of about 9 million in the

military and a further 7 million civilians.

b) We are in 1919: according to geologist Albert Porta, the

conjunction of six planets (cause) the Sun to explode. In

fact, the Sun (probably destroy) the Earth one

day, when it becomes a red giant in about 4.5 billion years.

c) We are in 1977: according to Ken Olson, head of a computer

company, people (never want) a computer in

the home. Latest predictions (2005) suggest that computer

ownership (reach) 1.3 billion machines

worldwide by 2010.

d) We are in 1999: according to many scientists, computers (crash)

and (cause) chaos on the first

day of the new millennium.

e) And one to look forward to: according to the Aztec calendar, the

world (come) to an end on 22 December 2012.

We (have to) wait and see.

32
EDC-SMA NEGERI 3 KEDIRI 2010/2011

QUESTION WORD

Who untuk menanyakan subject

What untuk menanyakan kegiatan yang dilakukan subject

Whom untuk menayakan object (orang)

What untuk menanyakan object selain orang(bwnda/hewan)

When menayakan waktu kejadian

Where menayakan tempat kejadian

How menayakan cara

Whose menayakan kepemilikan

Contoh :

My father calls you in the market everyday

12345
1. Who calls you in the market everyday?

2 . What does my father do in the market everyday?

3 . Whom does my father call in the market everyday?

4 Where does my father call you everyday?

5 . When does my father call you in the market?

A cat eats a mouse everyday

12 3 4

1 . What eats a mouse everyday?

2 . What does a cat do everyday?

3 . What does a cat eat everyday?

4 . When does a cat do everyday?

My sister comes here by bus

12

1 . Whose sister comes here by bus?

2 . How does my sister come here?

Task:

Make the questions from the sentences below

1. Susan is cooking chicken in the kitchen now

2. Some students study mathematic in the library every afternoon

3. Badrus calls his sister in Java every week

4 . We are inviting our teacher in our tournament now

5. Andrew has opened a box in the ware house for two minutes

33

EDC-SMA NEGERI 3 KEDIRI 2010/2011

QW

EXAMPLE OF
QUESTION
ANSWERS

EXPLANATION

WHEN

(a) When did they arrive?

(b) When will you come?

Y esterday.

Next

Monday.

When is used to ask

questions about tons.

WHERE

(b) Where is she?

Where can 1 find a pen?

At home. In
that drawer.

Where is used to ask

questions about place.

WHY

(c) Why did he leave early?

(d) Why aren't you coming

with us?

Because he's

ill.

I'm tired.

Why is used to ask

questions about reason.

HOW

(e) How did you come to

school?

(f) How does he drive?

By bus.
Carefully.

How generally asks about

manner.

(e) How much money

does it cost? How
many people came?

Ten dollars.
Fifteen.

How is used with much

and many.

(g) How old are you?

How cold is it?

How soon can you get here?

How fast were you driving?

(g) How long has he been

here?

How often do you write

home?

How far is it to Miami from

here?

Twelve.

Ten below
zero.

In ten
minutes.

50 miles an
hour. Two
years.

Every week.
500 miles.

How is also used with

adjectives and adverbs.
How long asks about
length of time. How often
asks about frequency. How
far asks about distance.

WHO

(h) Who can answer that

question? Who came to

visit you?

1 can. Jane
and Eric.

Who is used as the subject

of a question. It refers to
people.

(i) Who is coming to dinner

tonight? Who wants
to come with me?

Ann, Bob,
and Al. We
do.

Who is usually followed

by a singular verb even if
the speaker is asking about
more than one person.

34

EDC-SMA NEGERI 3 KEDIRI 2010/2011

WHOM

(j) Who(m) did you see?

Who(m) are you

visiting?

(k) Who(m) should 1 talk

to?
To whom should 1 talk?
( formal )

I saw
George.

My relatives.
The

secretary.

Whom is used as the object

of a verb or preposition.

In everyday spoken
English, whom is rarely
used; who is used instead.
Whom is used only in
formal questions. Note:
Whom, not who, is used if
preceded by a preposition.

WHOSE

(1) Whose book did you

borrow?
Wlwse key is this?
(Whose is this?)

David's.
It's mine.

Whose asks questions

about possession.

WHAT

(m) What made you angry?

What went wrong?

His

rudeness.

Everything.

What is used as the subject

of a question. It refers to
things.
(n) What do you need?

WJjat did Alice buy?

(o) What did he talk,

about?

About what did he

talk? (formal)

I need a
pencil.

A book.

His vacation.

What is also used as an

object.

(p) What kind of soup is

that?

What kind of shoes did

he buy?
It's bean

soup.

Sandals.

What kind to asks about

the particular variety or
type of something.

(q) What did you do last

night?

What is Mary doing?

1 studied.

Reading a
book.

What + a form of do is
used to ask questions
about activities.
(r) What countries did

you visit?

What time did she

come?

What color is his hair?

Italy and
Spain.

Seven
o'clock.
Dark brown.

What may accompany a

noun.

(s) What is Ed like?

He's kind
and friendly.

What + be like asks for a

general description of

(t) What is the weather

like?

Hot and
humid.

qualities.

35

EDC-SMA NEGERI 3 KEDIRI 2010/2011

(u) What does Ed look

like?
(v) What does her house
look like?

He's tall and

has dark
hair.

It's a two-
story, red
brick house.

What + took like asks for

a physical description.

WHICH

(w) 1 have two pens.

\ Which pen do you

want?

Which one do you

want?

Which do you want?

The blue
one.

Which is used instead of

what when a question
concerns choosing from a
definite, known quantity
or group.

(x) Which book should 1

buy?

That one.

(y) Which countries did he

visit? What countries

did he visit?

(z) Which class are you

in? What class are you

in?
Peru and
Chile. 7 1 iis
class.

In some cases, there is

little difference in meaning
between which and what
when they accompany a
noun, as in (y) and (z).

36

EDC-SMA NEGERI 3 KEDIRI 2010/2011

6. Write the numbers 1 to 9 next to the correct words,

circle 5 right angle

cube sphere

parallel lines square

pyramid triangle

rectangle

37

EDC-SMA NEGERI 3 KEDIRI 2010/2011

QUESTION-TAQS

Question-Taqs adalah pertanyaan pendek yang diletakkan di

akhir suatu pemyataan tyang digunakan untuk meminta persetujuan/
konfirmasi.

Aturan penggunaan:

1 . Apabila pernyataan positive, maka question taqs-nya negative dan

sebaliknya.

2. Question Taqs harus berupa Pronoun ( kata Ganti). Yaitu : I, You,

They. We, He, She, It, There.

Contoh : She will be at home, won t she?

Jack didnt like swimming, did he?

There is something to talk, isn V there ?

Note
1.

Kata-kata berikut ini menggunakan kata ganti'

- These - Noone

- Those - Nobody

- Anyone - Everyone

- Anybody - Everybody

- Someone - Somebody

- Posessive adjective + plural Noun

They'
Contoh :

o These books are yours, aren t they?

o Your cars were very expensive, weren I they?
o Noone came to his party, did they?

2. Berikut adalah kelompok kombinasi Subject dan Question Taqs-

nya

I/We+ You/they/he/she/it = We

You+ they/you/he/she/it =You

Dan bila tidak terdapat I, We dan You, maka kombinasi-

kombinasisubject menggunakan kata ganti They.

Contoh :

He and I will visit her, won V We?

You and She are suitable couple, aren You?

Her father and her mother didnt come, did They?

38
EDC-SMA NEGERI 3 KEDIRI 2010/2011

3. Dalam pernyataan I am, question-Taqs-nya adalaharent I

atau am I not

Contoh :

I am supposed to to be here, aren V I?

I am not a student anymore, am I?

4. Apabila pada pernyataan terdapat kata- kata yang mengandung arti

negative atau semi negative, maka Question- taqsnya
positive.

Seperti :

- Never - Few

- Seldom - Little

- Rare - Hardly

- Barely - Scarcely

- No/ none/ not. . . - etc.

Contoh :
o She never comes late, does she ?
o Ther are only few students in the class, are there ?

5. Pada kalimat perintah positive (imperative) dan negative/ larangan

(Prohibition), Question-Taqs-nyamenggunakan will you.

Contoh :

o Stop the noise, will you ?

o Dont be afraid, will you ?

6. Ajakan dengan Lets, Question Taqs-nyamenggunakan Shall

we

Contoh :

o Lets speak English, shall we ?

o Lets keep our dicipline, shall we ?

7. Pada kalimat majemuk (complex sentence), Question Taqs-nya

dibuat berdasarkan kalimat utamanya.

Contoih :

o I think you are sick, aren V you ?

o I wish she understood what I want, didn V she?

Note :Kalimat utama yang dimaksud adalah kalimat yang menjadi pokok
pembicaraan.

39
EDC-SMA NEGERI 3 KEDIRI 2010/2011

Directions: Add tag questions.

1 . They want to come, dont they ?

2. Elizabeth is a dentist,

3.

They wont be there,

4.

You'll be there,
?

5.

There aren't any problems,

6.

That's your umbrella,

7.

George is a student,

8.

9.
He's learned a lot in the last couple of years,
Larry has* a bicycle, ?

10.

Monkeys can't swim,

11.

Tina will help us later,

12. Peggy would like to come with us to the party,

13. Those arent Tony's books, ?

14. You've never been to Paris, ?

15. There is something wrong with Jane today, ?

16. Everyone can learn how to swim, ?

17. Nobody cheated on the exam, ?

18. Nothing went wrong while I was gone, ?

19. I am invited, ?

20. This grammar is easy, ?

PLAYING ANAGRAM

An anagram has the same letters as another word, but in a different

order. Sort out these anagrams.

1 . Change beard into something you can eat. BREAD

2. Change asleep into a word used by polite people.

3. Change below into a part of the body.

4. Change cheap into a fruit.

5. Change hated into the opposite of life. .

6. Change heart into our planet.

7. Change rose into another word for painful.

8. Change thins into the opposite of day.

9. Change danger ; into a place outside the house.

40

EDC-SMA NEGERI 3 KEDIRI 2010/2011

10. Change grown into the opposite of right.

1 1 . Change laid into what you do when you make a phone call

12. Changed signed into what architects do .

13. Change means into what Lucy and John are examples of ._

14. Change horse into the place where the land meets the sea .

15. Change recent into the middle of a town. .

Modal:

Will
Can

MODAL AUXILIARY

(akan) Must (harus)

(dapat) May (boleh)

Formula : S+Modal+bare infinitive+

Example :

I will go to Semarang tonight

She must do the home work

I can make a delicious cake

You may go home now.

Dalam penggunaan modal tidak boleh ada 2 modal auxiliary dalam datu
kalimat, sehingga diperlukan penggunaan similar modal.

Similar modal:

m
Be going to

>

will

Be able to

>

can

Be allowed to

>

may
m

have/has to

>

must

Contoh :

Mira will be able to visit you tomorrow.

We will be allowed to drive this car tonight

41

EDC-SMA NEGERI 3 KEDIRI 2010/2011

PASSIVE VOICE
Passive Voice adalah kalimat yang obyeknya dikenai pekerjaan.
Syarat :dalam kalimat aktif harus ada obyek yang nantinya berubah
menjadi subyek pada kalimat pasif

Pattern:

Be+V3

Vi = IS, AM, ARE

V 2 = WAS, WERE

V 3 = BEEN

V ing = BEING

Contoh

AV : Tom has read a magazine for two hours

PV : A magazine has been read by Tom for two hours

Be V3

AV : Kim read a magazine yesterday

PV : A magazine was read by Kim yesterday
Be V3
1

ACTIVE

PASSIVE

simple present

Mary

helps

the boy.
The boy

IS

helped

by Mary.

present progressive

Mary

is helping

the boy.

The boy

is being

helped
by Mary.

present perfect

Mary

has helped

the boy.

The boy

has been

helped

by Mary.

simple past

Mary
helped

the boy.

The boy

was

helped

by Mary.

past progressive

Mary

was helping

the boy.

The boy
was being

helped

by Mary.

past perfect *

Mary

had helped

the boy.

The boy

had been

helped

by Mary.
simple future *

Mary

will help

the boy.

The boy

will be

helped

by Mary.

be going to

Mary

is going to help
the boy.

The boy

is going to be

helped

by Mary.

future perfect*

Mary

will have helped

the boy.

The boy

will have been

helped

by Mary.

42

EDC-SMA NEGERI 3 KEDIRI 2010/2011

Change the active to passive.

1 . Shakespeare wrote that play. - That play was written by

Shakespeare.

2. Waitresses and waiters serve customers.

3. The teacher is going to explain the lesson.

4. Shirley has suggested a new idea.

5. Bill will invite Ann to the party.

6. Alex is preparing that report.

7. Two horses were pulline the fanner's wagon.

8. Kathy returned the book to the library.

9. Tomorrow, the president will make the announcement.

10. I did not write that note. Jim wrote it.

1 1 . Alice did not make that pie.

12. Does Prof. Jackson teach that course?

1 3 . Mrs. Andrews has not signed those papers yet.

14. Is Mr. Brown painting your house?

1 5 . His tricks will not fool me.

Change the passive to active.

1 . That sentence was written by Omar.

2. Our papers are going to be collected by the teacher.

3. Was the electric light bulb invented by Thomas Edison?

4. The speed limit on Highway 5 isnt obeyed by most drivers.

5. Have you been informed of a proposed increase in our rent by the

building superintendent?

Directions: Use either active or passive, in any appropriate tense, for the
verbs in parentheses.
1 . The Amazon valley is extremely important to the ecology of the earth.

Forty percent of the world's oxygen ( produce j there.

2. Right now Roberto is in the hospital. He (treat) for

a bad bum on his hand and arm.

3. The game (win, probably) by the other team

tomorrow. They are a lot better than we are.

4. There was a terrible accident on a busy downtown street yesterday.

Dozens of people (see) it, including my friend.

43

EDC-SMA NEGERI 3 KEDIRI 2010/2011

who (interview) by the police.

5. In my country, certain prices, such as the price of medical supplies,

(control) by the government. Other

prices (determine) by how much consumers are

willing to pay for a product.

6. Yesterday a purse-snatcher (catch) by a dog.

While the thief (chase) by the police, he

(jump) over a fence into someone's yard, where he

encountered a ferocious dog. The dog (keep) the

thief from escaping.

7. The first fish (appear) on the earth about 500

million years ago. Up to now, more than 20,000 kinds offish (name)

and (describe) by

scientists. New species (discover) every year, so

the total increases continually.

8. Richard Anderson is a former astronaut. Several years ago, when he was

52, Anderson (inform) by his superior at an

aircraft coiporation that he could no longer be a test pilot. He (tell)

that he was being relieved of his duties because of

his age. Anderson took the corporation to court for age discrimination.

44

EDC-SMA NEGERI 3 KEDIRI 2010/2011

USING THE PASSIVE

(a) Rice is grown in India.

(b) Our house was built in 1980.

(c) This olive oil was imported from

Crete.

Usually the passive is used without a fry-phrase. The passive is most

frequently used when it is not known or not important to know
exactly who performs an action.

In (a): Rice is grown in India by people, by farmers, by someone. It

is not known or important to know exactly who grows rice in India,
(a), (b), and (c) illustrate the most common use of the passive, i.e.,
without the fry-phrase.

(d) Life on the Mississippi was written

by Mark Twain.

The fry-phrase is included only if it is important to know who

performs an action, as in (d), where by Mark Tivain is important
information.

(e) My aunt made this rug. (active)

If the speaker knows who performs an action, usually the active is

used, as in (e).

(f) This rug was made by my aunt.

That rug was made by my mother.

Sometimes, even when the speaker knows who performs an action,

s/he chooses to use the passive with the fry-phrase because s/he wants
to focus attention on the subject of a sentence. In ( f ) : The focus of
attention is on two rugs.

Anagram key
1.

bread

9.

garden

2.

please

10.

wrong

3.

elbow

11.
dial

4.

peach

12.

design

5.

death

13.

names

6.

earth
14.

shore

7.

sore

15.

centre

8.

night

45
EDC-SMA NEGERI 3 KEDIRI 2010/2011

Read for Fun

MR. JONES'S SHOP

Mr. Jones's shop sold food. Mr. Jones and a young man worked there. The
young man's name was George.

A man came into the shop on Monday. He was a funny man. Mr. Jones was in
the office. It was behind the shop. The funny man looked at George and said. "I
want a small table, please."

George said. "We don't sell tables in this shop. We sell food."

The man smiled and answered. "A small, brown table." He took a picture out of
his bag and showed it to George. It was a picture of a small, brown table.

George put his mouth near the man's ear and said. "We do not have tables in
this shop! Food! Not tables!"
The man smiled and answered. "That's good. Tha nk you." Then he sat down on
a chair and waited.

George was not happy. He went into the office and spoke to Mr. Jones. Then he
and Mr. Jones came out again.

Mr. Jones was angry. He looked at the man and said. "What do you want?"

The man smiled and answered. "I want a loaf of brown bread, please. Haven't
you got any bread in your shop?"

Mr. Jones said. "Yes. we have." He looked at George, and then he went and got
a loaf of brown bread from a big box and gave it to the man.

NEW LIFE

Gladys was at school in a small, quiet town in England. She was sixteen years
old. and her father and mother were poor, and their house was very small.

Maisie was Gladys's friend. She went to that school as well. Gladys said.
"Maisie. I'm going to find a very rich man and I'm going to many him. Then I'm
going to have a beautiful house and a large garden, and a lot of clothes, and a lot
of money."

Maisie smiled and said. "Where are you going to find a very rich man. Gladys?
There aren't any in our town."

But Gladys was a very pretty girl. Her eyes were blue, and her hair was black
and soft. She went to London, and then she went to America. She found a tall,
very rich man there, and she married him. She was twenty-two years old then.
Then she and her husband went to England. They went to Gladys's old house,
and Maisie came there.
Gladys said. "I've married a very rich man. Maisie. and I've got a beautiful
house and a large garden and four gardeners. And I've bought a lot of clothes
and I have money as well. My husband's got a plane too. and he flies it!"

46

EDC-SMA NEGERI 3 KEDIRI 2010/2011

Maisie said. "A lot of people have got planes and fly them. Gladys." "In their
house?" Gladys asked.

IN THE TRAIN

Mr. and Mrs. Brown had two daughters and two sons. Both the daughters
married, and then both the sons married too. Soon Mr. and Mrs. Brown had a
granddaughter, and then they had two grandsons. They were very happy.

Then one of their daughters had another baby, and she telephoned her mother,
"Please come and help with your new granddaughter." Mrs. Brown went
quickly, but Mr. Brown stayed at home, because he was nearer his job there.
But he said, "I'll come on Friday evening, and 1 will stay till Monday morning."
On Friday evening, after work, Mr. Brown got into a train. He was very happy.
"I'm going to see my new granddaughter now," he said.

There were three empty places in the tram. There was an old man beside one
empty place, and Mr. Brown went to him and said nicely, "Are you a
grandfather?"

"Yes," the man answered, "1 have three granddaughters."

Mr. Brown went to the second empty' place. There was a nice woman beside
that. Mr. Brown said to her, "Are you a grandmother?"

The woman answered, "Yes. 1 have two granddaughters and two grandsons."
Mr. Brown went to the thud empty' place. There was a man beside that, and Mr.
Brown said to him, "And are you a grandfather?"

"No, I'm not," the man answered.

Mr. Brown smiled happily and said, "That's good." He sat down in the empty'
place and said to the man kindly, "Now 111 tell you about my granddaughters
and grandsons."

INTENSIVE READING

The Sarai are an indigenous people living in the northern parts of

Norway, Sweden, Finland, and Russia's Kola peninsula. Originally, the Sami
religion was animistic ; that is, for them, nature and natural objects had a
conscious life, a spirit. Therefore, one was expected to move quietly in the
wilderness and avoid making a disturbance out of courtesy to these spirits.
Ghengis Khan is said to have declared that the Sami were one people he would
never try to fight again. Because the Sami were not warriors and did not believe
in war, they simply disappeared in times of conflict. They were known as
"peaceful retreaters."

1 . Based on the tone of the passage, which of the following words best

47

EDC-SMA NEGERI 3 KEDIRI 2010/2011

describes the author's attitude toward the Sami people?

a. admiring c. contemptuous

b. pitying d. patronizing

2. The closest meaning of the underlined word animistic, as it is used in the

passage, is

a. the irrational belief in supernatural beings.

b. the belief that animals and plants have souls.

c. the belief that animals are gods.

d. the primitive belief that people can be reincarnated as animals.

3. What is the meaning of the underlined word courtesy as it is used in the
passage?

a. timidity c. respect

b. caution d. fear

Daffodil bulbs require well-drained soil and a sunny planting location.

They should be planted in holes that are 3-6 inches deep and there should be 2-4
inches between bulbs. The bulb should be placed in the hole, pointed side up,
root side down. Once the bulb is planted, water the area thoroughly.

4. According to the above directions, when planting daffodil bulbs, which of

the following conditions is not necessary?

a. a sunny location

b. well-drained soil

c. proper placement of bulbs in soil

d. proper fertilization

5. According to the above directions, which of the following is true?

a. Daffodils do best in sandy soil.

b. Daffodil bulbs should be planted in autumn for spring blooming.

c. It is possible to plant daffodil bulbs upside down.

d. Daffodil bulbs require daily watering.

Many cities haves distributed standardized recycling containers to all
households with directions that read: "We would prefer that you use this new
container as your primary recycling container as this will expedite pick-up of
recyclables. Additional recycling containers may be purchased from the City."

6. According to the directions, each household

a. may only use one recycling container.

b. must use the new recycling container.

c. should use the new recycling container.

d. must buy a new recycling container.

48

EDC-SMA NEGERI 3 KEDIRI 2010/2011

7. According to the directions, which of the following is true about the new

containers?
a. The new containers are far better than other containers in every way.

b. The new containers will help increase the efficiency of the recycling
program.

c. The new containers hold more than the old containers did.

d. The new containers are less expensive than the old containers.

The composer Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart's remarkable musical talent

was apparent even before most children can sing a simple nursery rhyme.
Wolfgang's older sister Maria Anna (who the family called Nannerl) was
learning the clavier, an early keyboard instrument, when her three-year-old
brother took an interest in playing. As Nannerl later recalled, Wolfgang "often
spent much time at the clavier picking out thirds, which he was always striking,
and his pleasure showed that it sounded good." Their father Leopold, an
assistant concertmaster at the Salzburg Court, recognized his children's unique
gifts and soon devoted himself to their musical education.

Bom in Salzburg, Austria, on January 27, 1756, Wolfgang had composed

his first original work by age five. Leopold planned to take Nan-nerl and
Wolfgang on tour to play before the European courts. Their first venture was to
nearby Munich where the children played for Maximillian 111 Joseph, elector of
Bavaria. Leopold soon set his sights on the capital of the Hapsburg Empire.
Vienna. On their way to Vienna, the family stopped in Linz, where Wolfgang
gave his first public concert. By this time. Wolfgang was not only a virtuoso
harpsichord player, but he had also mastered the violin. The audience at Linz
was stunned by the six-year-old. and word of his genius soon traveled to
Vienna. In a much anticipated concert, the Mozart children appeared at the
Schonbrunn Palace on October 13. 1762. They utterly charmed the emperor and
empress.

Following this success, Leopold was inundated with invitations for the
children to play, for a fee. Leopold seized the opportunity and booked as many
concerts as possible at courts throughout Europe. A concert could last three
hours, and the children played at least two per a day. Today, Leopold might be
considered the worst kind of stage parent, but at the time, it was not uncommon
for prodigies to make extensive concert tours. Even so. it was an exhausting
schedule for a child who was just past the age of needing an afternoon nap.

8. A good title for this passage would be

a. Classical Music in the Eighteenth Century: An Overview.

49

EDC-SMA NEGERI 3 KEDIRI 2010/2011

b. Stage Parents: A Historical Perspective,

c. Mozart: The Early Life of a Musical Prodigy.

d. Mozart: The Short Career of a Musical Genius.

9. According to the passage. Wolfgang became interested in music because

a. his father thought it would be profitable.

b. he had a natural talent.

c. he saw his sister learning to play an instrument.

d. he came from a musical family.

10. What was the consequence of Wolfgang's first public appearance?

a. He charmed the emperor and empress of Hapsburg.

b. Word of Wolfgang's genius spread to the capital.

c. Leopold set his sights on Vienna.

d. Invitations for the miracle children to play poured in.

11. Each of the following statements about Wolfgang Mozart is directly

supported by the passage EXCEPT

a. Mozart's father. Leopold, was instrumental in shaping his career,

b. Maria Anna was a talented musician in her own right.

c. Wolfgang's childhood was devoted to his musical career.

d. Wolfgang preferred the violin to other instruments.

12. According to the passage, during Wolfgang's early years, child prodigies
were

a. few and far between.

b. accustomed to extensive concert tours.

c. expected to spend at least six hours per a day practicing their music.

d. expected to play for courts throughout Europe.

13. Based on information found in the passage. Mozart can best be described
as

a. a child prodigy.

b. a workaholic.

c. the greatest composer of the eighteenth century.

d. a victim of his father's ambition.

(1) For centuries, time was measured by the position of the sun with the
use of sundials. Noon was recognized when the sun was the highest in the sky.
and cities would set their clock by this apparent solar time, even though some
cities would often be on a slightly different time. Daylight Saving Time
(DST). sometimes called summertime, was instituted to make better use of
daylight. Thus, clocks are set forward one hour in the spring to move an hour of

50
EDC-SMA NEGERI 3 KEDIRI 2010/2011

daylight from the morning to the evening and then set back one hour in the fall
to return to normal daylight.

(2) Benjamin Franklin first conceived the idea of daylight saving during
his tenure as an American delegate in Paris in 1984 and wrote about it
extensively in his essay. "An Economical Project." It is said that Fra nk lin awoke
early one morning and was surprised to see the sunlight at such an hour. Always
the economist, Fra nk lin believed the practice of moving the time could save on
the use of candlelight, as candles were expensive at the time.

(3) In England, builder William Willett (1857-1915) became a strong

supporter for Daylight Saving Time upon noticing blinds of many houses were
closed on an early sunny morning. Willet believed everyone, including himself,
would appreciate longer hours of light in the evenings. In 1909. Sir Robert
Pearce introduced a bill in the House of Commons to make it obligatory to
adjust the clocks. A bill was drafted and introduced into Parliament several
times but met with great opposition, mostly from farmers. Eventually, in 1925,
it was decided that summer time should begin on the day following the third
Saturday in April and close after the first Saturday in October.

(4) The U.S. Congress passed the Standard Time Act of 1918 to establish
standard time and preserve and set Daylight Saving Time across the continent.
This act also devised five time zones throughout the United States: Eastern,
Central. Mountain, Pacific, and Alaska. The first time zone was set on "the
mean astronomical time of the seventy-fifth degree of longitude west from
Greenwich"(England).In 1919, this act was repealed.

(5) President Roosevelt established year-round Daylight Saving Time

(also called War Time) from 1942-1945. However, after this period, each state
adopted its own DST, which proved to be disconcerting to television and radio
broadcasting and transportation. In 1966, President Lyndon Johnson created the
Department of Transportation and signed the Uniform Time Act. As a result, the
Department of Transportation was given the responsibility for the time laws.
During the oil embargo and energy crisis of the 1970s, President Richard Nixon
extended DST through the Daylight Saving Time Energy Act of 1973 to
conserve energy further. This law was modified in 1986, and Daylight Saving
Time was reset to begin on the first Sunday in April (to spring ahead) and end
on the last Sunday in October (to fall back).

14. As it is used in paragraph 3, the word obligatory most nearly means

a. approved. c. aberrant.

b. sparse. d. requisite.

51

EDC-SMA NEGERI 3 KEDIRI 2010/2011

15. Who first established the idea of DST?

a. President Richard Nixon

b. Benjamin Franklin

c. Sir Robert Pearce

d. President Lyndon Johnson

16. Who opposed the bill that was introduced in the Houseof Commons in
the early 1900s?

a. Sir Robert Pearce

b. farmers

c. television and radio broadcasting companies

d. the U.S. Congress

17. Which of the following statements is true of the U.S. Department of

Transportation?

a. It was created by President Richard Nixon.

b. It set standards for DST throughout the world.

c. It constructed the Uniform Time Act.

d. It oversees all time laws in the United States.

18. Which of the following would be the best title for this passage?

a. The History and Rationale of Daylight Saving Time

b. Lyndon Johnson and the Uniform Time Act

c. The U.S. Department of Transportation and Daylight Saving Time

d. Daylight Saving Time in the United States

19. The Daylight Saving Time Energy Act of 1973 was responsible for

a. preserving and setting Daylight Saving Time across the continent.

b. instituting five time zones in the United States.

c. extending Daylight Saving Time in the interest of energy conservation.

d. conserving energy by giving the Department of Transportation

authority over time laws.

52

EDC-SMA NEGERI 3 KEDIRI 2010/2011

The process of writing essays for coursework can be shown as a flow chart:

Understand essay title/requirements

 Assess reading texts - choose most suitable

Select relevant areas of texts - keep record for references

Make notes on relevant areas, using paraphrasing and

summarizing skills

Combine a variety of sources where necessary

Select suitable structure for essay - make plan

Organize and write main body

Organize and write introduction

Organize and write conclusion

Critically read and rewrite where necessary

Final proof-reading

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.
6.

7.

8.

9.

10 .
11 .
12 .

13 .

14 .

15 .

GREETING AND INTRODUCTION

Hallo?

Good morning!

Good afternoon!

Good evening!

How do you do?

Whats your name please?
How are you?

How is your mother?

How is your father?

Where do you live?

Where were you born?

When were you bom?

Hallo!

Good

Good

Good

How

My names

Im

My mother (she) is

My father (he) is

I live
I was born in

1 was born on . . . (mm)

(dd)

(yy)

How many are thee in your family? There are .... In my family

How many brothers and sisters do you have? 1 have .... Brother (s)

and . . . sister (s)

Where are your brother and sister now? My . . . number one is in

My . . ..number two is in

53

EDC-SMA NEGERI 3 KEDIRI 2010/2011

16.

17.

18.

19.

20 .
21 .
22 .

23.

24.

25.

26.
27.

28.

29.

30.

31.
32.

33.

34.

35.

36.

37.

38.

39.

40.

41.

42.

43.

Are you still studying?

Where did you graduate from?

What is your hobby?

How much do you weigh?

How tall are you?

What is your mother?

Where is your father from?

Where is your mother from?

How old is your father?

How old is your mother?

How old are you?

How old are your brother and sister?

Please tell one by one.

Yes/No

1 graduated from

My hobby is

1 weigh Kg/pound

1 am centimeters tall

My mother is
My father is from

My mother is from ..

My father is .. years old

My mother is years old

Im years old.

Who is the oldest in your family?

Who is the youngest in your family?

Where do you study English?

How far is it from your house?

house.

How do you usually go there?

What time do you go to study English?

Who do you go there with?

What days do you go to study English?

Why do you study English?

Where did you grow up?

What is your ambition?

Who is your favorite figure?

Are your grandparents still alive?

Where do they live now?

How old are your grandmother and grandfather?

My grandmother is .... years old. My grandfather is years

My number one is

years old.

My number two is

years [Link].

Or I am the only one in my

family.

Or 1 am alone

The oldest is

The youngest is

1 study English at

It is about from my
1 usually go there by ... .

1 go at

1 go there with

1 go On

1 study English because

1 grew up in

1 want to be

My ambition is

My favorite figure is

Yes/No

They live

./

54
EDC-SMA NEGERI 3 KEDIRI 2010/2011

44.

45.

46.

47.

48.

49.

50.

51.

52.

53.

54.

55.
56.

57.

58.

59.

60.
61.

old

What time do you get up everyday? I get up at

What time do you sleep everyday? 1 sleep at

What time do you start studying everyday? 1 start at

What time do you go to school? 1 go to school at

What time do you go home from school? 1 go back from school at . . .

What time do you have breakfast? I have breakfast at

What time do you have lunch? 1 have lunch at

What time do you have dinner? 1 have dinner at

What time do you usually watch TV? 1 usually watch TV at ....

What date is today? Today is

What date was yesterday? Y esterday was

What date is tomorrow? Tomorrow is

What month was last month? Last month was

What month is next month? Next month is

What year is now? This year is . .

What year was last year? Last year was

What year is next year? Next year is . ,

Do you know when Indonesia got freedom/independence!

62. When do you celebrate HARD1KNAS?

63. When do we celebrate HARKITNAS?

55
EDC-SMA NEGERI 3 KEDIRI 2010/2011

Speech text

A ssalam ualaikum Wr. Wb.

Excellency Mr. Wachid Anshory the head master of SMAN 3 Kediri

Honorable

Respectable

Dear ladies and gentlemen

First of all, lets tha nk and pray unto our God Allah SWT, who has
given us mercies and blessings so we can attend and gather in this place in good
condition and happy situation.

Secondly, may peace and salutation always be given to our prophet

Muhammad SAW, the last messenger of God who has guided from stupidity to
the cleverness, from jahiliyah era to islamiyah era namely Islam religion that
we love.

Thirdly, 1 dont forget to say thank you very much to Master of

ceremony who has given me time to deliver my story in front of you all.

OK. Ladies and Gentlemen

In this occasion, 1 would like to deliver my speech under the title

Ladies and gentleman,

Thats all my speech, may what 1 have delivered be useful in your life,
in this world and hereafter. If you found many mistakes in my story, please
forgive me.

And, the last I say Wassalamualaikum Wr Wb.

56

EDC-SMA NEGERI 3 KEDIRI 2010/2011

Describe the picture below using your own words

Danger on the Road!

1 ) What is happening al the traffic lights?

2) What is the dog doing?

3) Where should the children play football?

4) Why shouldnt the boy on the motorbike stand up?

5) Find live more examples of dangerous situations

57

EDC-SMA NEGERI 3 KEDIRI 2010/2011

iSHOE SHOP

Le village of
[lage now.

|)g|
1 J91

1 JTl

\;1

r .jk mm
'\X

EtT <4Rh]B

Fpjn

L">-J

sam

III

II il

h
58

EDC-SMA NEGERI 3 KEDIRI 2010/2011

Glenda Green & Betty Brown

Glenda Green is twenty-two years old. She is enjoying her new job. Glenda works in a hank
.
She has uorbed there for three weeks.

Betty Brown is in town. She u orbed for the hank for twenty years She retired in 1985.

Exercise 1

Write these sentences under the correct picture on the picture pa%e

a She has won the tournament,

b 1 Ic drank too much,
c Hes lived in llong Kong for a long time,
d 1 Ics walked quite a long way.

And non write sentences under the other four pictures.

Exercise 2

Which pictures connect with these conversations?

ilow king have you lived in Hong Kong?* Picture .....

Since 1985-'

Have you ever won a tennis championship?' Picture

Yes. I won Wimbledon when 1 was a teenager.

ilow much have you drunk?' Picture

I don't know. Ask the barmaid.'

ilow far did you walk?

Too far!

I worked there for a very king time.

Did you enjoy it?

Have you been busy today?"

Yes, but it has been very' interesting

How much did you drink?"

Too much!'

Have you ever been to Hong Kong?

Yes. I lived there for several years.'

Picture .

Picture .

Picture .

Picture .

Picture .
59

EDC-SMA NEGERI 3 KEDIRI 2010/2011

60

EDC-SMA NEGERI 3 KEDIRI 2010/2011

IRREGULAR VERB

Simple

Present

Third Person
Singular

Present
Participle

Simple Past

Past

Participle

be

am, is, are

being

was

been

beat

beats
beating

beat

beaten

become

becomes

becoming

became

become

begin

begins

beginning
began

begun

bend

bends

bending

bent

bent

bite

bites

biting

bit
bitten

blow

blows

blowing

blew

blown

break

breaks

breaking

broke

broken
bring

brings

bringing

brought

brought

build

builds

building

built

built

bum
bums

burning

burned

burned

burst

bursts

bursting

burst

burst

buy

buys
buying

bought

bought

catch

catches

catching

caught

caught

choose

chooses

choosing
chose

chosen

come

comes

coming

came

come

creep

creeps

creeping

crept
crept

cut

cuts

cutting

cut

cut

dig

digs

digging

dug

dug
do

does

doing

did

done

draw

draws

drawing

drew

drawn

creep
creeps

creeping

crept

crept

cut

cuts

cutting

cut

cut

dig

digs
digging

dug

dug

do

does

doing

did

done

draw

draws

drawing
drew

drawn

drink

drinks

drinking

drank

drunk

drive

drives

driving

drove
driven

61

EDC-SMA NEGERI 3 KEDIRI 2010/2011

eat

eats

eating

ate

eaten

fall
falls

falling

fell

fallen

feed

feeds

feeding

fed

fed

feel

feels
feeling

felt

felt

fight

fights

fighting

fought

fought

find

finds

finding
found

found

fly

flies

flying

flew

flown

forget

forgets

forgetting

forgot
forgotten

freeze

freezes

freezing

froze

frozen

get

gets

getting

got

got
give

gives

giving

gave

given

go

goes

going

went

gone

grow
grows

growing

grew

grown

have

has

having

had

had

hear

hears
hearing

heard

heard

hide

hides

hiding

hid

hidden

hit

hits

hitting
hit

hit

hold

holds

holding

held

held

hurt

hurts

hurting

hurt
hurt

keep

keeps

keeping

kept

kept

kneel

kneels

kneeling

knelt

knelt
know

knows

knowing

knew

known

lay

lays

laying

laid

laid

lead
leads

leading

led

led

learn

learns

learning

learned

learned

leave

leaves
leaving

left

left

lend

lends

lending

lent

lent

let

lets

letting
let

let

lie

lies

lying

lay

lain

light

lights

lighting

lit/lighted
lit/lighted

lose

loses

losing

lost

lost

62

EDC-SMA NEGERI 3 KEDIRI 2010/2011

make
makes

making

made

made

meet

meets

meeting

met

met

pay

pays
paying

paid

paid

put

puts

putting

put

put

read

reads

reading
read

read

ride

rides

riding

rode

ridden

ring

rings

ringing

rang
rung

rise

rises

rising

rose

risen

run

runs

running

ran

run
say

says

saying

said

said

see

sees

seeing

saw

seen

sell
sells

selling

sold

sold

send

sends

sending

sent

sent

shake

shakes
shaking

shook

shaken

shine

shines

shining

shone

shone

shoot

shoots

shooting
shot

shot

show

shows

showing

showed

shown

shut

shuts

shutting

shut
shut

sing

sings

singing

sang

sung

sink

sinks

sinking

sank

sunk
sit

sits

sitting

sat

sat

sleep

sleeps

sleeping

slept

slept

smell
smells

smelling

smelled

smelled

speak

speaks

speaking

spoke

spoken

spend

spends
spending

spent

spent

spread

spreads

spreading

spread

spread

steal

steals

stealing
stole

stolen

stick

sticks

sticking

stuck

stuck

sweep

sweeps

sweeping

swept
swept

swell

swells

swelling

swelled

swollen

swim

swims

swimming

swam

swum
63

EDC-SMA NEGERI 3 KEDIRI 2010/2011

swing

swings

swinging

swung

swung

take

takes
taking

took

taken

teach

teaches

teaching

taught

taught

tear

tears

tearing
tore

tom

tell

tells

telling

told

told

think

thinks

thinking

thought
thought

throw

throws

throwing

threw

thrown

understand

understands

understanding

understood

understood
wake

wakes

waking

woke

woken

wear

wears

wearing

wore

worn

weep
weeps

weeping

wept

wept

win

wins

winning

won

won

write

writes
writing

wrote

written

64

EDC-SMA NEGERI 3 KEDIRI 2010/2011

Note:

65