Home Gerund & Infinitive Pengertian, Contoh, Fungsi dan Rumus Gerund

Pengertian, Contoh, Fungsi dan Rumus Gerund

Diposkan oleh Rifqie Shahab at 11:30 AM
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Pengertian Gerund
Gerund adalah kata kerja (Verb) yang digunakan tetapi fungsinya berubah sebagai kata benda
(Noun). atau dapat juga dikatakan bahwa gerund adalah kata kerja yang dibendakan (Verbal
Noun).
Bentuk dari Gerund adalah: VERB 1 + ING
Contohnya: swimming, shopping, talking, playing, sleeping, eating, etc.
Fungsi dan Contoh Gerund
1.

Menggunakan Gerund sebagai subject

Apabila Gerund sebagai Subject, maka Gerund dapat berdiri sendiri atau berbentuk sebagai
frase.
Contoh:
Playing football is my hobby.
Bentuk dari kata playing pada kalimat di atas adalah
sebagai Gerund, yang berfungsi sebagai kata benda (Noun).
2.

Menggunakan Gerund sebagai object

Ada dua kemungkinan jika Gerund digunakan sebagai Object, yakni Object of Preposition
(Object Kata Depan) dan Object of Verb (Object Kata Kerja).

Menggunakan Gerund Sebagai Object of Preposition (Object Preposisi)

Formula: Preposition + Gerund (Verb + Ing)

Contoh:
We talk about going to Bali for our vacation.
She is not interesting in looking for a new job.
Thank you for helping me carry the bag.
You Should take advantage of living here.
The rain prevented us from completing the work.
We will be happy by listening the music.
Billy is not used to wearing a suit and tie everyday.
Beberapa preposisi (preposition) lazim yang sering diikuti
oleh Gerund adalah: about, in, for, of, without, from, by,
dan to.

CATATAN:
Untuk preposisi to, boleh diikuti Gerund jika fungsinya
memang sebagai presposisi, bukan bentuk dari infinitif.
Contohnya:
Im used to sleeping with the window open.
Im accustomed to sleeping with the window open.
I look forward to going home next month.

Menggunakan Gerund Sebagai Object of Verb (Object Kata Kerja)

Formula: VERB + Gerund (Verb + Ing)

Kata kerja (VERB) yang lazim diikuti oleh Gerund adalah sebagai berikut:

Enjoy
Appreciate

VERB + GERUND
quit (give up)
go
finish
through)
delay
suggest

(get postpone (put

off)
mention
avoid

Mind
Stop
Contoh:
I go shopping with my friends.
I enjoy playing tennis.
Brian quit smoking.
Brian give up smoking.
3.

consider (think
about)
discuss
(talk
about)
keep (keep on)

Gerund sebagai kata majemuk (Compound Noun) yang mengandung arti alat

Contoh:
Swiming Pool, Swimming Suit, Shopping Centre, Drawing Book, Sewing Machine, Washing
Machine, Writing Paper, Dinning Table, Shopping Bag, Racing Car, Waiting Room, Dinning
Room, Living Room, Surfing Board, etc.
4.

Gerund digunakan untuk membuat suatu larangan atau peringatan yang singkat

Contoh:
No smoking, no spitting, no parking, warning, etc.
A. Pengertian gerund
Gerund adalah kata kerja berbentuk -ing yang dipakai sebagai kata benda, gerund berbentuk
sama seperti bentuk dalam present participle/V-ing, Perbedaan antara present participle
adalah bahwa gerund merupakan kata benda sedangkan present participle adalah kata sifat.
Beberapa fungsi dari gerund, yaitu;
1. Gerund sebagai Subject
Contoh;
- Smoking is not good for health (merokok itu tidak baik untuk kesehatan)

- Speaking too long makes them bored (berbicara terlalu lama membuat mereka bosan)
- Reading is my hobby (membaca itu adalah hobi ku)
Keterangan;
Smoking, speaking dan reading adalah Gerund sebagai Subject-nya
2. Gerund sebagai Object
A. Object of verb (object kata kerja)
Contoh;
- l like singing very much (Aku suka menyanyi sangat banyak)
- The boy lates playing footbal (Anak laki-laki itu lambat bermain foot
- I don't mind visiting you (Saya tidak keberatan mengunjungi Anda)
Beberapa kata kerja (verb) yang harus diikuti oleh gerund, yaitu;
Admint, appreciate, avoid, anticipate, continue, deny, delay, detest, enjoy, excuse, finish,
forgive, keep, mind, heglect, practise, prevent,risk, understand, quit.
Artinya;
Mengakui, menghargai, menghindari, mengantisipasi, lanjutkan, menyangkal, menunda,
benci, menikmati, maaf, selesaikan, mengampuni, tetap, pikiran, heglect, praktek, mencegah,
risiko, mengerti, berhenti.
Contoh dalam kalimat kata kerja (verb) yang harus diikuti oleh gerund;
-I appreciated her helping me
(saya menghargai dia membantu ku)
-She avoided talking to me
(dia menghindari bicara padaku)
-He considered moving to pandeglang (dia mempertimbangkan pindah ke pandeglang),
-dst.
B. Object of preposition (object kata depan)
Contoh;
-They go on talking about the beautiful teacher (mereka melanjutkan pembicaraan tentang
guru cantik itu)
-She is good at speaking English (dia bagus dalam berbicara bahasa inggris)
-Before explaining the lesson, the teacher always say''Hello'' (sebelum menjelaskan
pelajaran, guru itu selalu mengucapkan salam )
Source: [Link]
Browse Home grammar Definisi atau pengertian, fungsi dan contoh gerund

Definisi atau pengertian, fungsi dan contoh gerund

[Link]-''Pengertian atau definisi, fungsi dan contoh gerund''.
Good evening every body wherever you are, may in good condition and happy situation,
amin.
In this beautiful evening [Link] will share again with you all, my last
sharing was about ''The characteristics of a noun in the English language'', and now l'll going
to share about ''Definisi atau pengertian, fungsi dan contoh gerund'', heeee

A. Pengertian gerund
Gerund adalah kata kerja berbentuk -ing yang dipakai sebagai kata benda, gerund berbentuk
sama seperti bentuk dalam present participle/V-ing, Perbedaan antara present participle
adalah bahwa gerund merupakan kata benda sedangkan present participle adalah kata sifat.
Beberapa fungsi dari gerund, yaitu;
1. Gerund sebagai Subject
Contoh;
- Smoking is not good for health (merokok itu tidak baik untuk kesehatan)
- Speaking too long makes them bored (berbicara terlalu lama membuat mereka bosan)
- Reading is my hobby (membaca itu adalah hobi ku)
Keterangan;
Smoking, speaking dan reading adalah Gerund sebagai Subject-nya
2. Gerund sebagai Object
A. Object of verb (object kata kerja)
Contoh;
- l like singing very much (Aku suka menyanyi sangat banyak)
- The boy lates playing footbal (Anak laki-laki itu lambat bermain foot
- I don't mind visiting you (Saya tidak keberatan mengunjungi Anda)
Beberapa kata kerja (verb) yang harus diikuti oleh gerund, yaitu;
Admint, appreciate, avoid, anticipate, continue, deny, delay, detest, enjoy, excuse, finish,
forgive, keep, mind, heglect, practise, prevent,risk, understand, quit.
Artinya;
Mengakui, menghargai, menghindari, mengantisipasi, lanjutkan, menyangkal, menunda,
benci, menikmati, maaf, selesaikan, mengampuni, tetap, pikiran, heglect, praktek, mencegah,
risiko, mengerti, berhenti.
Contoh dalam kalimat kata kerja (verb) yang harus diikuti oleh gerund;
-I appreciated her helping me
(saya menghargai dia membantu ku)
-She avoided talking to me
(dia menghindari bicara padaku)
-He considered moving to pandeglang (dia mempertimbangkan pindah ke pandeglang),
-dst.
B. Object of preposition (object kata depan)
Contoh;
-They go on talking about the beautiful teacher (mereka melanjutkan pembicaraan tentang
guru cantik itu)
-She is good at speaking English (dia bagus dalam berbicara bahasa inggris)
-Before explaining the lesson, the teacher always say''Hello'' (sebelum menjelaskan
pelajaran, guru itu selalu mengucapkan salam )

Ada bentuk gerund juga dipakai sesudah phrase, yaitu;

1. can't stand = tidak tahan
2. can't bear = tidak tahan
3. can't avoid = tidak tahan
4. can't help = tidak tahan/ tidak sampai hati
5. it's no use = tidak ada gunannya
6. take to = membiasakan
7. insist on = mendesak, memaksa
8. it's worth = patut, pantas
9. to be use to = terbiasa
10. object to = menolak, keberatan
11. to be accustomed to = terbiasa
12. to be looking forward to = menanti, menunggu
13. to get use to = terbiasa
Contohnya;
-l can't stand waiting for him too long (saya tidak tahan menunggu nya terlalu lama)
-She is accustomed to working hard (dia membiasakan untuk bekerja keras)
-it's no use crying for her (tidak ada gunannya menangis untuknya)
-dst
3. Gerund sebagai Complement/ pelengkap
Contohnya;
-My favorit sport is volly ball (olah raga paporit ku adalah bola volly)
-Her hobby is singing (hobi nya dalah menyanyi)
-His habit is day dreaming (kebiasaannya adalah menghayal)
4. Gerund sebagai noun modifier (menerangkan)
Contohnya;
-The children are swimming in the swimming pool (anak-anak itu sedang berenang di kolam
renang)
-The reading book is on the table (buku bacaan itu diatas meja)

-My honey is waiting for me in waiting room (pacarku sedang menunggu ku di ruang tunggu)
NOTE:
A. kata kerja/ verb : need, want, require, apabila diikuti gerund mempunyai makna
passive.
Contoh;
-The house needs painting (rumah itu butuh di cat/ diwarnai)
-The flowers need watering (bunga-bunga itu butuh disirami)
-The grass requires cutting (ruput itu butuh di potng),
dst, sob....
B. kata kerja ''Go'' apabila diikuti gerund mengandung ekpresi yang kebanyakan
adalah Recreational activities (aktivitas-aktivitas rekreasi)
Go + GERUND
Contohnya yaitu;
-Go hiking
-go hunting (pergi berburu)
-go swimming (pergi berenang)
-go fishing (pergi memancing)
-go shopping (pergi belanja),
dst.
That's all my sharing about 'Definisi atau pengertian, fungsi dan contoh gerund, may useful
and happy blogging , , :)
Referencies :
-Understanding and Using English Grammar-Betty Schrampfer Azar
-Fundamentals of English Grammar-A Faidlal Rahman Ali, SE. Par
-Englis Grammar In Use-Raymond Murphy, ect
Source: [Link]
As Subject, Object | After Prepositions | After Certain Verbs | Passive Sense | Gerunds Quiz

Gerunds after Prepositions

This is a good rule. It has no exceptions!
If we want to use a verb after a preposition, it must be a gerund. It is impossible to use an infinitive
after a preposition. So for example, we say:

I will call you after arriving at the office.

Please have a drink before leaving.

I am looking forward to meeting you.

Do you object to working late?

Tara always dreams about going on holiday.

Notice that you could replace all the above gerunds with "real" nouns:

I will call you after my arrival at the office.

Please have a drink before your departure.

I am looking forward to our lunch.

Do you object to this job?

Tara always dreams about holidays.

The above rule has no exceptions!

So why is "to" followed by "driving" in 1 and by "drive" in 2?
1.

I am used to driving on the left.

2.

I used to drive on the left.

3.
4.
5.
6.

Gerund and prepositions - Exercise

We use the Gerund after prepositions.
verb + preposition
Exception: to
Here we use the phrase:
looking forward to + Gerund
Example:
I'm looking forward to seeing you soon.

7.

We use the Gerund after the following phrases:

accuse of

They were accused of breaking into a shop.

agree with

I agree with playing darts.

apologize for

They apologize for being late.

believe in

She doesn't believe in getting lost in the wood.

blame for

The reporter is blamed for writing bad stories.

complain about

She complains about bullying.

concentrate on

Do you concentrate on reading or writing?

congratulate sb. on

I wanted to congratulate you on making such a good speech.

cope with

He is not sure how to cope with getting older.

decide against

They decided against stealing the car.

depend on

Success may depend on becoming more patient.

dream about/of

Sue dreams of being a pop star.

feel like

They feel like going to bed.

get used to

You must get used to working long hours.

insist on

The girls insisted on going out with Mark.

look forward to

I'm looking forward to seeing you soon.

prevent sb. from sth.

How can I prevent Kate from working in this shop?

rely on sth.

He doesn't rely on winning in the casino.

succeed in

How then can I succeed in learning chemistry?

specialize in

The firm specialized in designing websites.

stop sb. from

I stopped Andrew from smoking.

talk about/of

They often talk about travelling to New Zealand.

think of

Frank thinks of playing chess.

warn sb. against

We warned them against using this computer.

worry about

The patient worries about having the check-up.

tugas 05 - berikan 10 contoh kalimat yang

mengandung gerunds

~ Gerund menjadi Subjects di belakang Verbs:

Verbs + Gerunds

The students enjoy studying English in the foreign language laboratory.

The good boys enjoy fasting on the whole of Ramadhan.

Henry found parking in Bandung was difficult.

The police prevent smuggling at the airport.

We expected recovering from monetary crises was priority.

European botanist wondered seeing so many kinds of orchid in Indonesia.

He admitted taking the money.

I dont anticipate meeting any opposition.

Try to avoid making him angry.

He detests speaking Japanese.

Vicky dreads getting old.

Johannes kept complaining.

She keeps smiling to me.

He advised me applying at once.

She recommended buying it.

They dont allow parking.

~ Possessive Adjective + Gerunds:

-

I appreciate your giving me so much of your time.

Forgive my interrupting you.

Forgive me for interrupting you.

I cant prevent his leaving the country.

I cant prevent him from leaving the country.

I dont remember my mother complaining about the prices.

~ Infinitive menjadi Gerund:

-

I began to work, menjadi I began working.

He continued to live, menjadi He continued living above shop.

The grass wants to be cut, menjadi The grass wants cutting.

US Army ceased to attack Afghan soldiers, menjadi US Army ceased attacking

~ Preposition + Gerund:
-

Fred insisted on seeing Anita.

Roy was accused of smuggling drugs.

I have no objection to hearing your story again.

Can you touch your toes without bending your knees?

Helga is found of adventuring.

Tommy is good on telling lies.

After swimming I felt cold.

Is Miss Schippers interested in making money?

She doesnt care for cooking.

Im sorry for keeping you waiting.

~ Verb + Preposition (adverb combination / phrasal verb) + Gerund

-

I dont care for standing in queues.

Finally the dog left off barking.

She puts off making a decision till she had more details.

Helena doesnt care for making money, her husband is a millionaire.

Will you see about getting a new tire?

Steve tried to give up smoking yesterday.

I look forward to seeing you soon.

She took to ringing me in the midnight.

~ Gerund sebagai Larangan atau Pemberitahuan:

-

no smoking, no parking

no trespassing, no swimming

no littering,

no spiting,

no loitering,

no shouting,

~ Passive Verbal Gerund (being / having been + past participle)

a. Passive Verbal sebagai Subject:

Being taught by Miss Irene is very interesting.

Having been taught by her was a great experience.

Being brought to this small town has made her sad.

Having been forgotten by his old friend makes him unhappy.

b. Passive Verbal sebagai Object:

-

They dont like being suspected.

The students enjoyed being taught by Miss Helen.

Phil doesnt like being appointed new director.

c. Passive Verbal sebagai Object Modifier:

-

I like the children being fed by Mrs. Julie.

They would like to learn the song being sung by Celine Dion.

Dont accept the gift being given by any foreigner.

d. Passive Verbal sebagai Adjective (Subject Modifier) :

-

The man being examined is very helpful.

The clerk being promoted makes his wife happy.

The report having been finished will be printed soon.

The log cabin after having been cleaned up became a very nice place to live in.

~ Gerund dalam Noun Compound

a. Noun + Gerund:
-

Fruit picking,

Lorry driving,

Hitch hiking,

Bird watching,

Surf riding,

Weight lifting,

Coal mining,

stamp collecting,

b. Gerund + Noun:
-

waiting list,

driving license,

dining room,

diving board,

swimming pool,

landing card,

parking lot,

shopping center,

Kalimat Subject & Object

KALIMAT SUBJECT
Kalimat Subject dapat berupa :
1. Subject pronouns, yaitu kata ganti (pronoun) yang khusus digunakan sebagai subject kalimat, seperti I, you, he, she, it, we,
dan they.
Contoh kalimat :
1. I am reading this article now.
2. You have been very helpful to me.
3. He told us to stay out of troubles.
4. She was in my dream last night.
5. It is growing well even though I never take care of it.
6. We, students, must study hard to accomplish what we want to be.
7. They felt bad because their cousin had got an accident.
2. Single nouns, yaitu noun (kata benda) yang terdiri dari satu kata.
Contoh kalimat :
1. Coffee is delicious.
2. Milk contains a lot of calcium.
3. Soekarno was the first president of the Republic of Indonesia.
4. Plants need water and fertilizers to grow well.
5. Books are more and more expensive now.

3. Noun phrases, yaitu sekelompok kata yang diakhiri oleh noun.

Contoh kalimat :
1. The book is on the table.
2. That new, red car is Johns.
3. The English teacher cancelled class today.
4. The dead body that was found last night has been brought home by the family.
4. Noun clauses adalah clause (i.e. subject dan verb) yang diawali oleh single question words (i.e. when, how, what, ect.),
question words + (determiners/ nouns/ adjectives/ infinitive/ adverbs), question words + infinitives, conjunction (i.e. whether dan
if), dan that/the fact that.
Contoh kalimat :
1. Where she is now is still unknown.
2. Whoever can melt her feeling is a very lucky guy.
3. How much your English skill will improve is determined by how hard you practice it.
4. That it is going to rain soon is very obvious.
5. The fact that the world is round is well known.
5. Gerunds (i.e. verb1+ing). Jika gerund digunakan sebagai subject kalimat, verb-nya selalu dalam bentuk singular. Tapi, jika
dua gerund atau lebih dihubungkan oleh kata sambung and, maka digunakan plural verb (lihat contoh 5 di bawah).
Contoh kalimat :
1. Gardening is very exciting.
2. Reading this material will help you increase your English skill.
3. Hunting wild pigs has been done by Balinese farmers for years.
4. Knowing English well has made Ryan have great experiences in Canada
5. Writing and speaking English make me happy.
6. Infinitives (i.e. to + verb1). Infinitives sebagai subject kalimat pada umumnya dalam bentuk infinitive clause.
Contoh kalimat :
1. To play kites when its very cloudy is very dangerous.
2. To study the grammar is a must if you want to improve your English.
3. To play football when drizzling is very joyful.
4. To be able to be your boyfriend is my fantasy.
5. To pass the exam is my main intention.
7. Pseudo-subjects. Sebuah kalimat kadang-kadang tidak memiliki subject dalam arti yang sebenarnya. Kalimat-kalimat seperti
ini menggunakan pseudo-subject it dan there. Note: dalam hal ini, it bukan subject pronoun. Selain itu, this/that/these/those jika
langsung diikuti oleh be, juga termasuk pseudo-subject.
Contoh kalimat :
1. It was a nice day yesterday but it isnt now.
2. There were 9 casualties on the Australian Embassy bombing.
3. It has been a long day. Im so tired.
4. There are so many people. It is very crowded.
5. This is the book that I have been looking for for days.

KALIMAT OBJECT
Kalimat Object atau complement berfungsi untuk melengkapi predicate atau verb. Letak object kalimat adalah setelah kata
kerja. Kalimat Object adalah menjawab pertanyaan what (apa) dan whom (siapa). Hampir semua yang dapat digunakan
sebagai kalimat subject, juga dapat digunakan sebagai kalimat object. Perkecualianya hanya pada bentuk pronoun (i.e. dari
subject pronoun menjadi objeck pronoun atau reciprocal pronoun), dan kata there. Jika kata there berada setelah verb, there
berfungsi sebagai modifier.
Jadi, pada umumnya kalimat object dapat berupa:
1. Single nouns
1. We need lime to reduce soil acidity.
2. I usually add lime on my meat ball soup.
3. Plants absorb water and nutrients from soil.
4. She saw John at the movie last night.
2. Noun phrases
1. My father drives an old car.
2. He wants to drink some water.
3. John bought a new laptop yesterday.
3. Noun clauses
1. I still dont know how to make her fall in love with me.
2. It seems that she is studying hard.
3. They havent decided what they should do.
4. Object pronouns
1. Do you love her?
2. He sent me his pictures.
3. We will invite them.

5. Reciprocal pronouns
1. My sister cut herself.
2. That arrogant man is very proud of himself.
3. You all take care of yourselves.
6. Infinitives
1. The doctors have decided to operate the patient.
2. We need to go out to buy some food.
3. Marini began to write a poem.
7. Gerunds
1. The boy hasnt admitted stealing my calculator.
2. My cousin regretted not coming here.
3. We are looking forward to your coming back to this blog soon.

50 kalimat GerundGERUNDS AFTER PREPOSITIONSGerund adalah kata kerja yang

berakhiran -ing dan berfungsi sebagai noun (katabenda). Oleh karena gerund berfungsi
sebagai noun maka gerund bisa di tempatkansebagai: subject, direct object, subject
complement, dan object dari preposition.
-Swimming in the river is very dangerous.
-Cramming for testsis not a good study strategy
-You might get in trouble for faking an illness to avoid work.
- I enjoy riding my bike in the evening.
-Traveling might satisfy your desire for new experiences
.Contoh
gerund phrases
sebagai
subject
:
Your singing
is very [Link] swimming
is very useful for [Link] to the radio
needs [Link] breakfast on time
is [Link] coming every day
makes me [Link] too much
is not good for health
Contoh
gerund phrases
sebagai
object
:
- Thank you for
your coming.
- I can enjoy
camping in the mountain.

- I dont like
sitting alone.
- We have considered
going to Yogyakarta.
- They began
attending lecturer.
- I intend
doing my homework tonight.
- I begin
studying English seriously.
They do not appreciate my singing
enjoy
dancing
.- She likes
dancing
.-I hate
arguing
.