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‎Fluent-Python/.ipynb_checkpoints/16. Coroutines-checkpoint.ipynb‎

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‎Fluent-Python/.ipynb_checkpoints/17. Concurrency with Futures-checkpoint.ipynb‎

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‎Fluent-Python/.ipynb_checkpoints/18. Concurrency with asyncio-checkpoint.ipynb‎

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{
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"cells": [
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{
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"cell_type": "markdown",
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"metadata": {
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"toc": true
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},
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"source": [
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"<h1>Table of Contents<span class=\"tocSkip\"></span></h1>\n",
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"<div class=\"toc\"><ul class=\"toc-item\"><li><span><a href=\"#Thread-Versus-Coroutine:-A-Comparison\" data-toc-modified-id=\"Thread-Versus-Coroutine:-A-Comparison-1\"><span class=\"toc-item-num\">1&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>Thread Versus Coroutine: A Comparison</a></span></li></ul></div>"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "markdown",
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"metadata": {},
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"source": [
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"##### Thread Versus Coroutine: A Comparison"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "markdown",
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"metadata": {},
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"source": [
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"spinner with thread"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": 4,
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"metadata": {
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"ExecuteTime": {
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"end_time": "2019-07-29T07:19:32.178708Z",
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"start_time": "2019-07-29T07:19:32.171043Z"
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}
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},
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"outputs": [],
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"source": [
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"import threading\n",
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"import itertools\n",
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"import time\n",
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"import sys\n",
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"\n",
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"\n",
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"class Signal: #1 Signal类有一个可变成员 go, 用它来控制线程的开启或者关闭.\n",
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" go = True\n",
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"\n",
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"\n",
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"def spin(msg, signal): #2 第二个参数是 Signal的实例\n",
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" write, flush = sys.stdout.write, sys.stdout.flush\n",
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" for char in itertools.cycle('|/-\\\\'): #3 这是一个无限循环, 参考 itertools.cycle\n",
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" status = char + '' + msg\n",
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" write(status)\n",
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" flush()\n",
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" write('\\x08' * len(status)) #4 The trick to do text-mode animation: move the cursor back with backspace characters (\\x08).\n",
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" #然而在jupyter里面看不到......\n",
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" time.sleep(.1)\n",
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" if not signal.go: #5 If the go attribute is no longer True, exit the loop.\n",
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" break\n",
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" write(' ' * len(status) + '\\x08' * len(status)) #6 Clear the status line by overwriting with spaces and \n",
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" # moving the cursor back to the beginning.\n",
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"\n",
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"\n",
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"def slow_function(): #7 模拟一个耗时的计算\n",
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" time.sleep(3) #8 sleep函数阻塞主线程, 同时使主线程释放GIL, 此时副线程得以运行.\n",
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" return '高科技'\n",
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"\n",
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"\n",
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"def supervisor(): #9 开辟副线程, 运行副线程并且模拟耗时计算, 最后杀死线程\n",
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" signal = Signal()\n",
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" # 开一个线程\n",
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" spinner = threading.Thread(target=spin, args=('thinking', signal))\n",
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" print('spinner object:', spinner) #10\n",
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" spinner.start() #11\n",
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" result = slow_function() #12\n",
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" signal.go = False #13\n",
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" spinner.join() #14\n",
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" return result\n",
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"\n",
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"\n",
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"def main():\n",
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" result = supervisor() #15\n",
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" print('Answer:', result)"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": 5,
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"metadata": {
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"ExecuteTime": {
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"end_time": "2019-07-29T07:19:35.705475Z",
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"start_time": "2019-07-29T07:19:32.683967Z"
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}
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},
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"outputs": [
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{
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"name": "stdout",
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"output_type": "stream",
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"text": [
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"spinner object: <Thread(Thread-5, initial)>\n",
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"|thinkin/thinkin-thinkin\\thinkin|thinkin/thinkin-thinkin\\thinkin|thinkin/thinkin-thinkin\\thinkin|thinkin/thinkin-thinkin\\thinkin|thinkin/thinkin-thinkin\\thinkin|thinkin/thinkin-thinkin\\thinkin|thinkin/thinkin-thinkin\\thinkin|thinkin Answer: 高科技\n"
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]
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}
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],
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"source": [
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"main()"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "markdown",
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"metadata": {},
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"source": [
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"spinner with asyncio"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": 7,
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"metadata": {
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"ExecuteTime": {
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"end_time": "2019-07-29T08:08:52.735740Z",
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"start_time": "2019-07-29T08:08:52.727606Z"
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}
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},
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"outputs": [],
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"source": [
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"import asyncio\n",
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"import itertools\n",
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"import sys\n",
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"\n",
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"\n",
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"@asyncio.coroutine #1\n",
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"def spin(msg): #2\n",
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" write, flush = sys.stdout.write, sys.stdout.flush\n",
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" for char in itertools.cycle('|/-\\\\'):\n",
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" status = char + ' ' + msg\n",
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" write(status)\n",
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" flush()\n",
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" write('\\x08' * len(status))\n",
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" try:\n",
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" yield from asyncio.sleep(.1) #3\n",
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" except asyncio.CancelledError: #4\n",
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" break\n",
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" write(' ' * len(status) + '\\x08' * len(status))\n",
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"\n",
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"\n",
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"@asyncio.coroutine\n",
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"def slow_function(): #5\n",
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" yield from asyncio.sleep(3) #6\n",
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" return '高科技'\n",
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"\n",
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"\n",
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"@asyncio.coroutine\n",
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"def supervisor(): #7\n",
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" spinner = asyncio.async(spin('thinking')) #8\n",
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" print('spinner object:', spinner) #9\n",
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" result = yield from slow_function() #10\n",
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" spinner.cancel() #11\n",
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" return result\n",
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"\n",
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"\n",
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"def main():\n",
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" loop = asyncio.get_event_loop() #12\n",
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" result = loop.run_until_complete(supervisor()) #13\n",
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" loop.close()\n",
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" print('Answer:', result)"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "markdown",
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"metadata": {},
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"source": [
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"<center>总结</center>\n",
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"\n",
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"1. 如果你想使用 asyncio 来实现协程, 最好加上 @asyncio.coroutine 装饰器.\n",
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"2. 这里不需要外界提供一个信号来控制协程.\n",
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"3. 使用 asyncio 来实现协程时, IO-bound的操作要小心, 为了不阻塞事件循环, 需要用 yield from asyncio.sleep(.1).\n",
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"4. 如果抛出 asyncio.CancelledError 异常, 就退出循环, 协程中止.\n",
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"5. slow_function 现在也是一个协程(因为他原本有IO-bound的操作).\n",
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"6. The yield from asyncio.sleep(3) expression handles the control flow to the main loop, \n",
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"which will resume this coroutine after the sleep delay.\n",
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"7. supervisor 现在也是一个协程函数, 内部会 通过 yield from 调用协程函数 slow_function.\n",
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"8. asyncio.async(…) schedules the spin coroutine to run, wrapping it in a ***Task*** object, which is ***returned immediately***.\n",
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"9. 打印 Task 对象.\n",
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"10. yield from slow_function(), 并获得其返回值. 同时 时间循环将会继续运行, 这是因为 slow_fucntion 内部 yield from 了 asyncio.sleep(3), 控制权会立刻回到主循环.\n",
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"11. 通过调用 Task 对象的 cancell 方法, raise asyncio.CancelledError, 抛出异常的地方是Task包装的协程函数**当前挂起的 yield 语句的位置**. 协程函数可以捕获异常, 延迟异常甚至拒绝异常.\n",
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"12. 获得事件循环的***引用***.\n",
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"13. 启动 supervisor 协程函数直到他终止并且获取其返回值."
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": null,
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"metadata": {},
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"outputs": [],
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"source": []
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}
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],
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"metadata": {
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"kernelspec": {
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"display_name": "Python 3",
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"language": "python",
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"name": "python3"
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},
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"language_info": {
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"codemirror_mode": {
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"name": "ipython",
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"version": 3
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},
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"file_extension": ".py",
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"mimetype": "text/x-python",
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"name": "python",
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"nbconvert_exporter": "python",
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"pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
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"version": "3.6.7"
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},
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"toc": {
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"base_numbering": 1,
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"nav_menu": {},
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"number_sections": true,
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"sideBar": true,
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"skip_h1_title": true,
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"title_cell": "Table of Contents",
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"title_sidebar": "Contents",
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"toc_cell": true,
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"toc_position": {},
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"toc_section_display": true,
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"toc_window_display": false
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}
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},
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"nbformat": 4,
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"nbformat_minor": 2
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}

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