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DSP Module 3

Le document traite des différences entre la Transformée de Fourier Discrète (DFT) et la Transformée de Fourier Rapide (FFT), en mettant l'accent sur les méthodes de décimation dans le temps et dans la fréquence. Il explique comment les séquences de données peuvent être décomposées en sous-séquences pour améliorer l'efficacité du calcul des DFT. Les équations et les algorithmes sont présentés pour illustrer le processus de calcul des DFT à l'aide de la FFT.

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20 vues17 pages

DSP Module 3

Le document traite des différences entre la Transformée de Fourier Discrète (DFT) et la Transformée de Fourier Rapide (FFT), en mettant l'accent sur les méthodes de décimation dans le temps et dans la fréquence. Il explique comment les séquences de données peuvent être décomposées en sous-séquences pour améliorer l'efficacité du calcul des DFT. Les équations et les algorithmes sont présentés pour illustrer le processus de calcul des DFT à l'aide de la FFT.

Transféré par

bindum.ece
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
Nous prenons très au sérieux les droits relatifs au contenu. Si vous pensez qu’il s’agit de votre contenu, signalez une atteinte au droit d’auteur ici.
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Compost gan between DEFT and DFT: Br ~ pet ts a Sompad version of OTFT, wbeta the fiapendy tear w && Sampled - Bub, we brow tat OTET fs obtained by using the gampek fin of Fopuk Sonal xwct). So, we fod hot DFT fs abtafred by pe dovbe sampling of LC): T DPT gives only pastite —Prepuenty Vala, where as “preT com give both positive amd nagative Prepvenuy | Values f -DTPT amd DET cofnefde at foteaval: of ao=2Tk, adbexe G4 K 20,1, ~-- A-1- -To get me&e accurate Valus of DFT, nombes af “Somplas 9) must be veay high but when 0 Ps veny high je Aeputaad computaifon ime wU alio be very high - . Fost Fourier Transfeiino : | he DET of a Seprene Cn) of langth 10 fs expdused | by a. cam plex — Valued Sepven@ XCK) Gs | xery = Sh ceny CP MOK/ 0 | nzo het by be the comblee Valued Phare facki, cohich fs am Ath Moot of onity given by banjos aml K 20)1,2, -~ O-] | “Thus , XCK) becomes fo XCK) = ZL wcn) Wp > K 20) 18, =A | nz0 | | Similoay, 1DFT fs vovitten as | | a j 4 “ne So = A . P= eZ, RCD by W=051,2, --- tel Oepadtrment of ECE Fam sthe above - point DET, the 98 pofat DET 8 Od. computich ond Soon , vnil we get om point Ort: TP ara, Hb calted Sadiie-2 FFT: Decimation - fn - Time (DIT) Podty-2 FFTs To Dectenation to time COIT) og Bethr) the ~fime. demain Sepencee Cen) ts decimated and Smaller geint DFTs ate Computed amd. “hay ae Combined to get the Suasubt of fo-point DPT. To Dit algdiitir ta Opole DET can be Sualiaed FRom stud MoMbets of Mp -pdint DFTs, the Oj- Point DPT Can be sealized -fiarn tu nombets of My- point OFTs , and $0 on- qn DIT Aadix-2 FFT, +ho nd-pdint time dlemakn -sepuerce fs dacfmatad foto 2-polnt Sqrences amd “He 2-folet OFT PB each dackmated Spenco Ts computed. ator the sesalts of 2-Poiok DEPTS, +he L-bétot DFTs» Rom tie cuslh oP L-polnt DFTs te g-fpoldt DFTS ard £0 om Be Computed bork we get no-Palnt OFT- Tn Dodi 2 FT, fie ~fokal number, at Complore additters ase Seduced “to 19 logto and the total oUmbe of cornpGt mubipUcation ada dadarced +e (Mb) [Link] - Let 9en) be an No-Sompe Sepuente, Chere fo te a poues of 2+ Decirnate 3B basak tat Sepena {nto two Sepvenees $,¢n) amd 209) oP sagt M2, one, “Comptied Of the even frdaxed Values of On) ond the | atte; OF add Indevel Value, of Xen). | Department 6 EcEe | Give Sepvente Bs xen): otto), C0, XO), --- 5 LCL -1), --- LOW Even ‘indeed Sepuence Aen) = accart) : Lo), Od, £04) | a—--- BCN-2) dd Fodated epuenca F200) * xCants wer,%#C3),£05)~ | oes MOM) joe Enow that “He Hantffim Xck) of the 9- Pefiot Sepven@ occny ts given by to! X¢k) = 2 xen) ne” , Reoyt,-- Ar} neo Sowatheg tho. Som Trio ‘two pasts, one $4 dAe even Ond ora -f&\ the Odd Fodexed Voluos, gives | | N22 A = Kee) =" aren HOS + EE stern Wp : 20y1,4,- ht. nevwn bodd | When hf oafloced by 205 +h evo numbered Sorm}los AKO Selected amd coher 1 fs Seblocad by 2041 ,-the odd Dombered Samples 040 Selected - Hence , oni R207 ti Ki xa = FE occa wer? Cs stebasy KOS n2zo N20 Reassanging each part of XCK) Into (vl2)—peint Horsfdims Using : nk | grr yk fj Ht ne, | hyp = (Wd = (= ®) le BB) = bey | | ard nye ne WO5 = wes: Wop 4 Been pe. eo XCK) = Ait) they ct WS focm We n=d N20 Department of ECE | (BY definition of DET, fa 2. point OFT of |-ficn) amd facm ts given by oe KD Ae) = Ac Wo ore 2. ba) = = Bon) WER | ne VOXCK) = FIC + WAS a(R, KR EOy12,-- WL. “Tha Tmplomentation of “its epuation 48 XcK) te Shoton below: tto) Frtoy £0) o—} & -poiat \xcu) e OFT | x6) ——F tb ____v x0) = XQ) % Point |x0s)e- OFT ror 2) — o> e—| S- Point xc) e—| DFT xe) e— x01) — Cape] 8 point 0S) © DPT eed -—} Live decimation in ime peagedimed ond , the P%OGH Ts | Sapeated fi e0ch of the Spenws fcr) and fxn) . “Thus fcr) would Rawle fo two (wu) pefnt Spend and £Cn) could hesult fo amothe, wo Wu)~ Point Sepvences- Let “the clecienoted WIu) ~ polot Spuents of fiCn) be Guicny amd Yy2¢n) - Ju fier, Fé nsos,9,---) & ard Qncn)=Ficanan, PA n20,1,2,--- 2 Let “the decimatid (lu) point Sepvenes of fen) be Jaicm) amd Jorn). gui) f2.02n),-f&\_ 020,1,2,--~ Ry and Qo2¢n=f2 nt), fh NFOo1,2,--- | bet AuCkK) = ® -peird DET Of Jueny GincK) = ® ppoint DFT ef Sncn) @uce) = Se poiet DET of gaith? 7 cn). Grcny> 4. peter ORT of §22.00) “then . Fic) = Bink) + Woy Guace) . FE K20,1,3--(-9 Fock) = Gai (k) + WIG, Garck) , #8 K2Oy1,2, ~~~ C24 Hens the & - polot OFTs @w cbtoined fom the Nlu- point DFTs. The ‘implamertation of -thete epuattans “fi F2(W) 1s Shown fo Figore- Depadtment of ECE Fick) amd oe xe ef _ aainr | xu) xa) ce) xr) e4 Is) ¢—- 4Q)'e—j Gil) Gat) xQ © £0) x4) © BL paint FT Glo 1 \ arty “ mo) « xe) © - pei a Point DET tery — xs) e@— xa xa) * 2 -Dotnt a DET 2 Point DFT Gr + Gnld Department Of ECE 88 “This decimation of the data Sqrenes fs supeatéd ; 89 | agoko and again Lordi the Stesutfing sepvences are Secuceal Ho sheo pont Sepenes - | The Following “Figure Shows the {ast Stage uottpout asd atts tte Constderedion of Piiodictty. 1 ' XO) Set Gro) ge Gui Co) | eeu) a Ginc ede RE be FS gue it \ g 7 = | x) St Gut? wp he EI gc | ‘ x0 Bone 20) ¢ 3+ se Gist) S< woe Lao xs) 7 G2 UC @—p——_#=< 5 0 Grit ee ‘ ' a] xa) Sa Gurl? ee Garo? | ‘ ° < x) Gt) Me Ne G21) | by The following figue UnuKoty “he comnpite Flew graph 8” 3 Stoges fO tore. Depastrnent of ECE Dectmatian tn Paepueney COUR) Rodi 2 rer: 7 (4° Pn dacimetion fo Repveney alg dtm the Propvency domaty, Seprene@ XK) 1s decimakd. Tn this algsiethm, the so-polnt sHne. domain Sepvence 4s comested “to stun Numbets Of Pp potat Sepvenms. “Then each /2- port Sepronce Fs Conwited +o two Numbers Of Mlu- potnt Seprencas - “This procs fs continued until we get Mb nombery oF 2-pdint Sepuences - “The. 2-Point DFTs of rop NOvmbers of a pdink Sepwentas est give M-Samples , lobich Ts the N-point DT of the Hime dormaiin Sepuence « Here ste epoations $8 Mp- pofat epvences 9 MhU~ point seprentys , ete ase abana by lectnatim of FRapyency Aornafn Fepenis + Hero thie Mmetied te called DIF. Fo daiive the OIF Féin of the PPT algdittirn -fih mo, % pourra of 2, We cam -first divide Ie given Input Sepuence seem > {co} , FCI, Cr, C3), WC4), LES), CB) CVD} foto the Piast half ond tast hale of tte points So that FG DPT XCK) w-| Xck) = x acen) vg n2o g-\ I rn . xin) Wy + ZEN) bm neo new) NE ky Ra XEN) Wy + Exel g 12) ROE neo (r+ £) wp ) n=0 B4 mo +3 * Wohyk Eo! DI 2 #Cn) hy K Fg HO Wo Wy” (neh) hy | Depattment of ECB ’ . | = = [ae wot eo a(n re) as | neo > E [xem 4.69 Se (n+) ] Wa | bet us Split XCK) Into even amd odd numbered Samples: Fa ewen Votues of K, the Xck) can be wiitfen as XOk) = = “fens art x(ne ie )} wi 20 2 Ee (pcem) + (nt 2)) wee | PAY K20)12,-(24) FEi odcl Vols Of Ky the xCK) Cam be hIsétlen as bb xoKH) = $! [pm 4 CA eng 0 QRHy9 neo L. Co+8g)] Wo fa . E, pen ~ wre) ] We home 1 481 Keoy1a-l4y The above epvatians fh XC2k) and KC2K+1) can be De cagniged as ml point DFTs. ycsK) fs the DPT of the Som of fist half and last halé of te Inpet Seprenw , ie. of {aten +crent walt amd Xoo) fg the DPT of fe product: Log eofth the difference Of fast half and lost half of the foput - -fe. of oon -xeCn+ And} boy) + TF cee define new Line Hime domain eepeenta Ucn) and Unc) Consisting of M12 Same, Such that | Widn)= en) toe (n+M) , PH neo, 1,2,-- Bo | and Usena =P orem =a (dH) Rog» $8 n20,t,0, 4 | Q-| Department of ECE Len he DETS OCk) =X2K) amd UCK) = XC2k+1) Com 4d be compeutch by first -Péroing “the Sepences UC) and UL60) 4 Be Computing “tho “h-pelot DETs of these two Seprenas [to obtain the even numbered output pefog amd edol pomberad ouspar polo suspectively- ym protediuc Fs TUeuHatid §n “the fiquie Sheton belecor \ ! Uylo) —= C0) e—> at yk |. xto) > au) ‘ xe > on! Q-pint | _. yay i 2) DFT 10) > ge? Ley xcw q 1) | a Li. xw) Uno! ~ 1 ao) Lo. «xen ust -Potat | e | B-Poit | _. x03) bet -—e x5) a xO) Noo each of the © - pefot Reopvency domair Sepuences, O,ce amd Usk) eam be dectmatd Ito thao Numbers of 1 te. point Sepvences amd fous Numbers of New M- point Sepences ev be ebtafnd ftom tem « Lettre new gepenms be Vico), Wath), Vaid) 9 Vastnd « oo Rirdilan Unos as discuved above , wx can get Nucnd2 Usd) +UCN#2) 5 M2 Oy1,2,--- Ba Naotm= [ucrre- Uicnt29 ] Wy, , fh n=o, a8 Ney lrg= Untnd + Untn42) 5 f& N=On2,- % 1 Va2 Cn) = (usend ~untn +29] oh » Fh OF BI | Depasiment of ECE This Second Stage amputation #81 8 fe Shown | below: \ Wu) ) ee ee) LZ ZL woo) | “per Loy xc a =< <7 pe xa) DFT [+ x¢6) — p—« xc OFT |» x15) t2_emt |—* x3) Orr -—e xc) Pa tore fs Sbetwn \ Nu@) = jt oo ——e X(0) \ Na 2S LA) | Nice) ———— —_———« xc) | Vac a ~ xB) Vato SS Se xeu) | \ Wi + ug . an \ o ae s0 x0) > Se xc6) Lowi) y \ bi xc) | 1: weet . 3 Ma he x15) | wh virto) ) 1 | 4 *C3) Cornpartson of DIT omd DIF: Ditferances s =n DIT, te fopat ts bit vevesed while the oulpat ig fo drool Aides - Fa DIP, the fopat FS fo ndimal sided , cohlle “the output To bit Swversed - Corpor multiplication -tates plaa befde the add SubRact speration ; tohila fro DIF. te Comper roll plication tales place aft Hee odd SubRoct opesation - —conitdering the bullrfly Afagar, tm DIT, he = Both Agerttfms Sepoite «to Same NombA of ofesaitans “to compute DFT. | Depastment of ECE | Both algðms dopvise bit AeweAsal at Some q5 place during Computation « STrveue PFT: “The \DET of an Ww-palat Spventa FXcHIP, KeO)), 1 fs deffrod a8 bb-| 728 ox XM) = x xce) ard Nie oe LM & nk ND ko ™ CE) Wy To king ste conjugate of ctte above epuadi on 48, LE, Bl a om, oF Len) = 5 (e. XCK) HOG ] IOFT of *CK) cam be obtained by finding the OFT of eK) taxing “the conjugate of “that DET dividing by > Steps: 1 Toke Conjugate of XCK) 3 be. cletearnfine %x*CK)- 2. Compost “He Re-pelt DET OF wR) osing Aodtie2 Pet: 3 Toe Confogak of tte culbut Square of FFT. Us Divide Re Sepwnc — abtekoed fo Step by 1. Depastm ent of ECE Example > Com pute 4he IDET of ce Sepvence KCK) = £7, -0° 107, Jo107, “J 5 0-707-§D-107, 1, 0-707 + {0-907,4 , -O°70744 0-707 $ ong DfT algditthm Sol: The ORT 90m) of ‘the given Sepertee XCK) Com be | Obtained by findirg ACK), the conjugate of CR), Finding “the g-peint DET of xfaK vateg Sadit-2 DIT PPT ditim “to get § atfcn) , taking Re conjegak of that ‘to get Buen) ord Men Atviding by @ to get Xen). FA DIT FFT, the input x#CK) Must be fo bit severe Fhe - The dtutpat @2%¢n) edit be fn Odmal Sides . FA Re giv XcK) - KXcx) = £7, -0-107T + Jo-107, J, 0-101 450-707, 1, 0-701 ~Ja-107, =] , -O-707 - 0-701’ x¥ CKD fo bit Semeur didea fe xioo = f5,1, 45, Py, OTF 10-07, ov 10S 0-707, 07101 440-707 » ~O*107 -JO°TOT F The & point DET of X¥% mH using Aadit-2 9 DIT FET alg dhéthro fs Cam pute ch am £bown Fo figuse - Faom tho DIT FFT ahphttbm of Figue, g atta) =f£2,2,2,8,8%,¢,0} | Bx) = £8) 8,8, 8 8, &,8,0F xen)? FUGUE A Lo Depaiment oe ECE | 91 fie tet}. ; \ ae " 2g Mf 4 @= excl) jf} 9 4 —_ ely : , Wap ' Q- exo) | Heed aay =-orrete§o-707 xtes)so761 joe? + ‘ £68 0-07 450707 wel vite): ~GrTOR ET Radia -3 FETS tohen bo fs amomed O podoen of 3 becomes vradin~ 3 FET- Fa example . cohen Ne ek, The. gon Sepuene xen) Gin he dadmatd Anto “thee Seperes of longtb 113, the Plast Sepweoe contesting of Samples x¢0),C2), LEE) , fio Second Sepreves consisting of Sor ples a(t), 204), C1) Amd TRA Lepore consisting of Saeoplos cn), x05) LOE) Fd evaluating “the DFT ft) ws q, Kodie-3 Dir amd DIF algdttims cam be developed Starting Roo fundamentals. tee. 023", Ft Qaclix-u_FFT : tohen 19 9S a AomMed a ‘Power of UW, te. p-d? $4 became sodix -4 FFT, - | Fa excampb, when W=16=U? she gfaen of sepene sper) com be dicfmakd “to fous Spwoas oF Gngif Department of ECE (W]y the, Fast Seprence const ting of Sasnples 98 Co), NCU), HCE), L129, He Secand Sepreoa consisting lof Samples. LCD 5XC5), HED sTCD wed “the thiad eepcot consisting of Samples £02), 06), CUO) 5 CCW) and rte fourth Sepvence Consisting of Sarmpla £C3), WC) eI as) Fa evaluating “ite DPT fh n9=16, Sodit-4 DIT amo DIF algdins an be ceveleped tasting fram fandamentals. Pepartment of ECE

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