Prédiction de l’émission de CO2

TP DE MACHINE LEARNING: REGRESSION

Seatle energy
prediction, dataset 2016
C’est un projet classique en machine
learning, déjà exploré par des générations
avant nous à travers de nombreux exemples
disponibles sur diverses plateformes
(GitHub, Gitlab, Kaagle, etc.)
 Comment alors se
démarquer?

“C’est quoi un excellent

projet de Machine
leaning ?”
Un projet parfait c’est celui qui :

Résout un vrai problème business Est reproductible et maintenable

▪ Impact mesurable (gain, temps ▪ N'importe qui peut
économisé, décisions améliorées) relancer les
expériences
▪ Utilisateurs réels qui attendent la
solution
▪ Code propre,
▪ Alternative actuelle coûteuse ou documenté, test
inefficace
Un projet parfait c’est celui qui :

Est monitored et amélioré avec le

Est déployé et utilisé en production temps
▪ Ce n'est pas juste un notebook ▪ On sait si ça
fonctionne mal
▪ Des gens l'utilisent vraiment

▪ Il génère de la valeur continue

▪ On peut identifier les
problems
▪ Le modéle s’améliore
avec les nouvelles
données
7 PHASES
Pour réaliser un bon projet
 01

Définition du probléme
Pourquoi se lancer dans ce projet?
Objectifs
01 Comprendre le problème métier

Définir le succès mesurable

02
Questions essentielles
01 Quel est le problème exact ?

02 Qui va utiliser cette prédiction ? Comment ?

03 Quelle décision sera prise grâce au modèle ?

04 Quel est le coût d'une erreur ?

05 Existe-t-il déjà une solution ?

 Livrables
01 Document de cadrage projet (max 5p)

02 Définition des KPIs business (pas seulement ML)

03 Critères d'acceptation clairs

Identifier les bâtiments qui consomment 30% de plus que la normale pour leur
catégorie, afin de prioriser les audits énergétiques et économiser des millions !
 Une bonne organisation !

[Link]
Mais par contre pas assez de commentaire et d’explication
 Une bonne organisation !

[Link]
 Une bonne organisation !

[Link]
[Link]
 02

Exploration des données

EDA
Objectifs
01 Comprendre profondément les données

02 Identifier les patterns, anomalies, biais

03 Valider la faisabilité du projet

 Méthodologie
5 ( ou plus) notebooks documenté et bien ecrit

Vue d'ensemble Lignes,colonnes;types de variables;valeurs manquantes;autres infos d’ensembles

Distribition de chaque variable;outliders (erreurs ou réelles);examents de chaque

Analyse univariée variables notament les catégorielles

Analyse bivarié et multivarié Corrélation avec la cible;realations entre features;

egroupement naturel des données en segments homogènes, détection de profils,

Clustering anomalies et comportements similaires.
Incohérences(valeurs negatives,geolocalisation) ;DATA LEAKAGE;les données futures
Qualité de la données seront elles similaires ?

❑ A quoi ressemble un notebook de qualité ?

❑ Notebook ou script python ?
 03

Feature engeniering et préparation

Transformation et pipeline
Objectifs
01 Transformer les données brutes en features utiles

02 Créer des features métier pertinentes

03 Préparer des pipelines reproductibles

Stratégies de Feature Engineering

01 Features métier

02 Encodage des catégorielles

03 Features numériques
La normalisation;transformation;ect
Principe

01 Pipeline scikit-learn

02 Versioning des features avec DVC

03 Documentation
 04

La modélisation
Transformation et pipeline
Objectifs
01 Tester plusieurs approches méthodiquement

02 Optimiser les hyperparamètres

03 Sélectionner le meilleur modèle

Méthodologie
01 Modéle baseline

02 Modèles linéaires, Modèles ensembles,spécialisé;

03 Optimisation hyperparamétre

04 La ou les métriques à suivre !et le TRACKING

Livrables
Rapport de modélisation (modèles testés,
01 résultats)

02 Modèle final sérialisé avec son pipeline

 05

Évaluation et interprétabilité
Analyse des erreurs, par segment;testes statistiques,…
 06

Déploiement
API REST et Dashboard
 07

Monotoring et Maintenance
 0

Outils et Compétences
API REST et Dashboard
 Les outils
Les conventions standard
Git;Github;python;DVC
Systéme de branche et de Pull request
Commit atomique; env;.env;i=gitignore

Les spécialistes
CI CD avec Github
Actions;Docker;MLFLOW; DVC

????
????????????
 ❑ Peux-tu te présenter en quelques mots ?
❑ Qu’attends-tu de ce projet, qu’aimerais-tu y accomplir ?
❑ Quel niveau d’engagement penses-tu avoir (temps, énergie, rôle) ?
❑ As-tu déjà travaillé sur des projets ML ? Si oui, lesquels ?
❑ Quels langages, frameworks ou outils tu maîtrises le mieux ?
❑ Qu’est-ce qui te motive le plus dans ce domaine ?
❑ Comment aimerais-tu collaborer avec les autres ?
❑ Qu’aimerais-tu améliorer ou apprendre grâce à ce projet ?
❑ Quel est ton style de travail préféré (autonome, collaboratif, structuré,
flexible…) ?

—Question publique:
 EN
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 Examples
Mercury
Mercury is the closest planet to the
Sun and the smallest one of them all

Venus
Venus has a beautiful name and is
the second planet from the Sun

Mars
Despite being red, Mars is actually a
cold place. It’s full of iron oxide dust
Table of contents
01 Theory lesson
You can describe the topic of the section here

Features of the topic

02 You can describe the topic of the section here

Tips
03 You can describe the topic of the section here

Practical exercise
04 You can describe the topic of the section here
 01

Theory lesson
You can enter a subtitle here if you need it
 Introduction

Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun Mercury takes a little more than 58
and the smallest one in the entire Solar days to complete its rotation, so try to
System. This planet's name has nothing imagine how long days must be there!
to do with the liquid metal, since Since the temperatures are so extreme,
Mercury was named after the Roman albeit not as extreme as in Venus,
messenger god. Its temperatures aren't Mercury has been deemed to be non-
as terribly hot as that planet's habitable for humans
Concepts

Concept 1
Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun and
the smallest one in the Solar System—it’s only
a bit larger than the Moon

Concept 2
Venus has a beautiful name and is the second
planet from the Sun. It’s hot and has a
poisonous atmosphere
 What is this topic about?

Mercury Venus Mars

Mercury is the Venus has a Despite being red,
closest planet to the beautiful name and Mars is actually a
Sun and the smallest is the second planet cold place. It’s full of
one of them all from the Sun iron oxide dust
 Features of the topic

Mars Neptune
Despite being red, Mars is Neptune is an ice giant.
actually a cold place. Neptune is the farthest
Mars is made of basalt planet from the Sun

Jupiter Saturn
Jupiter is the biggest Saturn is a gas giant.
planet of them all. Jupiter Saturn was named after a
is a gas giant Roman god
 Recommendations

Mars Venus Neptune

Mars is full of iron Venus is a hot Neptune is the
oxide dust. Mars is planet. Venus has a eighth planet from
made of basalt toxic atmosphere the Sun

Mercury Saturn Jupiter

Mercury is the Saturn is a gas giant. Jupiter is big. Jupiter
closest planet to the Saturn was named was named after a
Sun. Mercury is small after a Roman god Roman god
A picture always
reinforces
the concept
You can give a brief description of
the topic you want to talk about
here. For example, if you want to
talk about Mercury, you can say
that it’s the smallest planet in the
entire Solar System
4,498,300,000
Big numbers catch your audience’s attention
9h 55m 23s
Jupiter’s rotation period

333,000
The Sun’s mass compared to Earth’s

386,000 km
Distance between Earth and the Moon
Awesome
words
A picture is worth a
thousand words
Voice projection and
tone practical exercise

● Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun

● Mercury is very small
● Mercury has a very thin atmosphere
● One day on Mercury takes 59 Earth days
● Mercury is the smallest planet
● Mercury was named after a god
● Its surface is similar to Earth’s Moon
● Mercury’s core contains iron
 KWL (brainstorming)

Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun

What I
know Mars is actually a very cold place

What I Venus is the second planet from the Sun

want to
Jupiter is the biggest planet of them all
know
Saturn is composed of hydrogen and helium
What I
learned Neptune is the farthest planet from the Sun
 Identifying the target audience
Topic

Mercury Mars Venus

Mercury is the closest Despite being red, Venus has a very
planet to the Sun and Mars is actually a cold beautiful name and is
the smallest one in place. It’s full of iron the second planet
the Solar System oxide dust from the Sun
 Conference schedule suggestion

Time Activity
9:30 AM Welcome and opening remarks

10:00 AM Keynote speaker: [Name]

12:00 PM Lunch break Mars

Despite being red,
1:30 PM Concurrent session 1 Mars is actually a cold
place. It’s full of iron
4:00 PM Workshop: [Topic]
oxide dust
7:00 PM Conference dinner
 Preparing audio-visual equipment

First Next Next

Mars is full of iron Venus is a hot Neptune is the
oxide dust. Mars is planet. Venus has a farthest planet from
made of basalt toxic atmosphere the Sun

Next Next Last

Mercury is the Saturn is a gas giant. Jupiter is big. Jupiter
closest planet to the Saturn was named was named after a
Sun. Mercury is small after a Roman god Roman god
 Classification
Mars Venus Mercury Jupiter

● Small ● Small ● Small ● Large

● Red ● Hot ● Hot ● Cold
● Cold ● Dry ● Rocky ● Gassy
● Rocky ● Volcanic ● Cratered ● Striped

Mars is full of Venus has a toxic Mercury is the Jupiter was

iron oxide dust atmosphere. closest planet to named after a
and basalt Venus is very hot the Sun Roman god
Conference goals and objectives
Mercury is the Despite being Saturn is a gas
closest planet red, Mars is a giant and has
to the Sun cold place several rings

Effect 01 Effect 02 Effect 03

Main goal

Effect 04 Effect 05 Effect 06

Venus is the Jupiter is the Earth is the
second planet biggest planet planet on which
from the Sun of them all we all live
 Question and answer

Question
Is Mercury the closest planet to the Sun
and the smallest one in the Solar System?
Note that it’s a bit larger than the Moon

Answer
Venus has a beautiful name and is the
second planet from the Sun. It’s hot and
has a poisonous atmosphere
 Documenting conference timeline

01
Venus Neptune
Venus is a hot planet. Venus Neptune is the farthest planet
has a toxic atmosphere 02 from the Sun

Saturn
03 Jupiter
Saturn is a gas giant. Saturn Jupiter is big. Jupiter was
was named after a Roman god
04 named after a Roman god
 Parts and whole
About the whole Parts of the What happens if the parts
object object are missing?
Mercury is the Mercury Venus has a beautiful name
closest planet to and is the second planet from
the Sun and the the Sun
Mars
smallest one in the
entire Solar System
Saturn
What’s the function of
the parts?
Venus
Saturn is a gas giant and has
several rings. It’s composed
Jupiter
mostly of hydrogen and helium
 Effective public speaking
Chart

80% Persuasive speech

Neptune is the farthest planet
from the Sun

Visual aids
20% Jupiter was named after a
Roman god

Follow the link in the graph to modify its data and then paste the new one here. For more info, click here
The best conference venues
Venus
Venus is the second
planet from the Sun

Mars
Mars is full of iron
oxide dust

Mercury
Mercury is the closest
planet to the Sun
Mockups
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