dritsos 29-05-06 12:13 Page 2

∂¡π™ÃÀ™∂π™ ñ ∆Ô˘ ™Ù¤Ê·ÓÔ˘ ∏. ¢Ú›ÙÛÔ˘,

¢∂§∆π√ ™¶ª∂ / ¡Ô 338
∞Ó·Ï. ∫·ıËÁËÙ‹,
∆Ì‹Ì· ¶ÔÏÈÙÈÎÒÓ ªË¯·ÓÈÎÒÓ, ¶·ÓÂÈÛÙ‹ÌÈÔ ¶·ÙÚÒÓ

∆¯ÓÈΤ˜ ÂÓ›Û¯˘Û˘ ˘ÔÛÙ˘ÏˆÌ¿ÙˆÓ Ì ÂÚ›ÛÊÈÁÍË

ÂÓ›Û¯˘ÛË ÙˆÓ ˘ÔÛÙ˘ÏˆÌ¿ÙˆÓ Ì Â͈ÙÂÚÈ΋ ÂÚ›ÛÊÈÁÍË ÚÔÛʤ- ™ÙËÓ ÂÚ›ÙˆÛË ÙˆÓ ÌÂÙ·ÏÏÈÎÒÓ Ì·Ó‰˘ÒÓ Ë Ù¯ÓÈ΋ ÌÔÚ› Ó· ÂÊ·Ú-
∏ ÚÂÙ·È ÛÙȘ ·Ú·Î¿Ùˆ ÂÚÈÙÒÛÂȘ :
(·) ŸÙ·Ó ··ÈÙÂ›Ù·È ·‡ÍËÛË Ù˘ Ï·ÛÙÈÌfiÙËÙ·˜ ÙÔ˘ ˘ÔÛÙ˘ÏÒÌ·ÙÔ˜.
ÌÔÛÙ› ÙÔÔıÂÙÒÓÙ·˜ Ù· ¯·Ï‡‚‰ÈÓ· ʇÏÏ· Û ÌÈÎÚ‹ ·fiÛÙ·ÛË ·fi ÙȘ
·ÚÂȤ˜ ÙÔ˘ ˘ÔÛÙ˘ÏÒÌ·ÙÔ˜ Î·È ÛÙËÓ Û˘Ó¤¯ÂÈ· ÙÔ ÎÂÓfi ÁÂÌ›˙ÂÙ·È ÌÂ
(‚) ŸÙ·Ó ··ÈÙÂ›Ù·È ·‡ÍËÛË Ù˘ ıÏÈÙÈ΋˜ ·ÓÙÔ¯‹˜ ÙÔ˘ Û΢ÚÔ‰¤Ì·ÙÔ˜. ÌË-Û˘ÚÚÈÎÓÔ‡ÌÂÓÔ ÎÔÓ›·Ì· (™¯.3). ∏ Ù¯ÓÈ΋ Â›Ó·È È‰È·›ÙÂÚ· ·ÔÙÂÏÂ-
(Á)ŸÙ·Ó ··ÈÙÂ›Ù·È ·‡ÍËÛË Ù˘ ‰È·ÙÌËÙÈ΋˜ ·ÓÙÔ¯‹˜ ÙÔ˘ ˘ÔÛÙ˘ÏÒÌ·ÙÔ˜. ÛÌ·ÙÈ΋ fiÙ·Ó Ô ÌÂÙ·ÏÏÈÎfi˜ Ì·Ó‰‡·˜ ¤¯ÂÈ ÂÏÏÂÈÙÈ΋ ‹ ΢ÎÏÈ΋ ÌÔÚÊ‹
(‰) ŸÙ·Ó ˘¿Ú¯ÂÈ Î›Ó‰˘ÓÔ˜ ·ÛÙÔ¯›·˜ Ù˘ Û˘Ó¿ÊÂÈ·˜ ÙˆÓ Î·Ù·ÎfiÚ˘ÊˆÓ (™¯.3‚).
ÔÏÈÛÌÒÓ ÙÔ˘ ˘ÔÛÙ˘ÏÒÌ·ÙÔ˜ ÏfiÁˆ ÌÈÎÚÔ‡ Ì‹ÎÔ˘˜ ˘ÂÚÎ¿Ï˘„‹˜
ÙÔ˘˜.
ŸÙ·Ó ··ÈÙÂ›Ù·È Ë ÌÂÙ·ÊÔÚ¿ ÂÓfi˜ ÙÌ‹Ì·ÙÔ˜ ÙˆÓ Î·Ù·ÎfiÚ˘ÊˆÓ ÊÔÚ-
Ù›ˆÓ ÙÔ˘ ˘ÔÛÙ˘ÏÒÌ·ÙÔ˜, Ë Ù¯ÓÈ΋ Û˘Ó‰˘¿˙ÂÙ·È Ì ÙËÓ ÂÊ·ÚÌÔÁ‹
Â͈ÙÂÚÈ΋˜ ÛȉËÚÔηٷÛ΢‹˜. )

1. ¢È·‰Èηۛ˜ ÂÈ‚ÔÏ‹˜ Ù˘ ÂÚ›ÛÊÈÁ͢

∏ ÂÈ‚ÔÏ‹ Â͈ÙÂÚÈ΋˜ ÂÚ›ÛÊÈÁ͢ Û ˘ÔÛÙ˘ÏÒÌ·Ù· ÌÔÚ› Ó· Á›ÓÂÈ
Ì ÙÔ˘˜ ·Ú·Î¿Ùˆ ÙÚfiÔ˘˜, (¢Ú›ÙÛÔ˜, 2005):
ñ ªÂ ¯Ú‹ÛË ÂÈÎÔÏÏËÙÒÓ ÎÔÏ¿ÚˆÓ Ô˘ ÌÔÚ› Ó· Â›Ó·È ÌÂÙ·ÏÏÈο ÂÏ¿-
ÛÌ·Ù· Û˘Ó‹ıÔ˘˜ ¿¯Ô˘˜ 1-2 mm (™¯.1) ‹ ψڛ‰Â˜ ·fi ÈÓÔÏÈṲ̂ӷ )
ÔÏ˘ÌÂÚ‹ (FRPS).
d
h:d≤3

™¯‹Ì· 3: ¶ÂÚ›ÛÊÈÁÍË Ì ÁÂÓÈÎfi ÌÂÙ·ÏÏÈÎfi Ì·Ó‰‡·

(·) ÔÚıÔÁˆÓÈ΋
(‚) ÂÏÏÂÈÙÈ΋

ñ ªÂ ¯Ú‹ÛË ÌÂÙ·ÏÏÈÎÔ‡ Îψ‚Ô‡ Ô˘ ‰ËÌÈÔ˘ÚÁÂ›Ù·È Ì ηٷÎfiÚ˘Ê·

™¯‹Ì· 1: ¶ÂÚ›ÛÊÈÁÍË Ì ÌÂÙ·ÏÏÈο ÂÈÎÔÏÏËÙ¿ ÂÏ¿ÛÌ·Ù· ÁˆÓȷο ÂÏ¿ÛÌ·Ù· Î·È Â›Ù ÔÚÈ˙fiÓÙÈ· ÌÂÙ·ÏÏÈο ÎÔÏ¿Ú· (™¯.4·) ›ÙÂ
Ï‹ÚË ¯·Ï‡‚‰ÈÓ· ʇÏÏ· (™¯.4‚) (Dritsos 1997a - Dritsos and
ñ ªÂ ¯Ú‹ÛË ÚÔÂÓÙÂÙ·Ì¤ÓˆÓ ÎÔÏ¿ÚˆÓ ·fi ¯¿Ï˘‚· ‹ ÈÓÔÏÈṲ̂ӷ Pilakoutas 1992, 1994 - Dritsos et al, 1993). ∏ Ù¯ÓÈ΋ ·˘Ù‹ ı· ·Ó·-
ÔÏ˘ÌÂÚ‹ (FRPs), Ô˘ ÌÔÚ› Ó· ¤¯Ô˘Ó ÙË ÌÔÚÊ‹ Ù·ÈÓÈÒÓ ‘‘·ÎÂÙ·Ú›- Ù˘¯ı› ÏÂÙÔÌÂÚÒ˜ ÛÙË Û˘Ó¤¯ÂÈ·.
ÛÌ·ÙÔ˜’’ (Frangou et al, 1993).
ñ ªÂ ¯Ú‹ÛË ÛÂÈÚÔÂȉԇ˜ ÔÏÈÛÌÔ‡ (™¯.2) Ô˘ ÌÔÚ› Ó· Â›Ó·È ·fi
ÌÂÙ·ÏÏÈÎfi ¤Ï·ÛÌ· ‹ ·fi ÈÓÔÏÈṲ̂ÓÔ ÔÏ˘ÌÂÚ¤˜ (FRP).
ñ ªÂ ¯Ú‹ÛË ÔÏfiÛˆÌÔ˘ Ì·Ó‰‡· ·fi ʇÏÏ· ¯¿Ï˘‚· ‹ ÈÓÔÏÈṲ̂ÓÔ
ÔÏ˘ÌÂÚ¤˜ (FRP), ÂÈÎÔÏÏËÙÔ‡ Â› ÙˆÓ Ï¢ÚÒÓ ÙÔ˘ ˘ÔÛÙ˘ÏÒÌ·-
ÙÔ˜. ™‹ÌÂÚ·, ÛÙËÓ Ú¿ÍË ¤¯ÂÈ ·Ú¯›ÛÂÈ Ó· ÂÂÎÙ›ÓÂÙ·È Ë ÂÊ·ÚÌÔÁ‹
Ù˘ Ù¯ÓÈ΋˜ Ì ¯Ú‹ÛË Ê‡ÏÏˆÓ FRPs. ∞˘Ùfi˜ Ô ÙÚfiÔ˜ ÂÊ·ÚÌÔÁ‹˜ ı·
·Ó·Ù˘¯ı› ÏÂÙÔÌÂÚ¤ÛÙÂÚ· ÛÙË Û˘Ó¤¯ÂÈ·.

·˜

™¯‹Ì· 2: ¶ÂÚ›ÛÊÈÁÍË Ì ÛÂÈÚÔÂȉ‹ ÔÏÈÛÌfi ™¯‹Ì· 4: ¶ÂÚ›ÛÊÈÁÍË Ì ÌÂÙ·ÏÏÈÎfi Îψ‚fi

2
dritsos 29-05-06 12:13 Page 3

∂¡π™ÃÀ™∂π™
¢∂§∆π√ ™¶ª∂ / ¡Ô 338

¶ÂÚÈÛÛfiÙÂÚ˜ ÏÂÙÔ̤ÚÂȘ ÁÈ· ÙËÓ Ù¯ÓÔÏÔÁ›· Ù˘ Ù¯ÓÈ΋˜ ÌÔÚÔ‡Ó ı· Ú¤ÂÈ Ó· Û˘Ó‰˘·ÛÙ› Ì ·Ó¿ÏÔÁË ÂÊ·ÚÌÔÁ‹ ÂÓ›Û¯˘Û˘ ÙÔ˘ ÎfiÌ‚Ô˘
Ó· ·Ó·˙ËÙËıÔ‡Ó ÛÙȘ ¶ÚÔÛˆÚÈÓ¤˜ ∂ıÓÈΤ˜ ∆¯ÓÈΤ˜ ¶ÚԉȷÁڷʤ˜ (‰ÔÎÒÓ-˘ÔÛÙ˘ÏˆÌ¿ÙˆÓ) ÂÂȉ‹ Ù· ¿ÎÚ· ÙÔ˘ ˘ÔÛÙ˘ÏÒÌ·ÙÔ˜ ‚Ú›ÛÎÔ-
(¶.∂.∆∂.¶.) ŒÚÁˆÓ ∞ÔηٿÛÙ·Û˘ ∑ËÌÈÒÓ ·fi ™ÂÈÛÌÔ‡˜ (π.√.∫., 2004). ÓÙ·È Û ÂÚÈÔ¯¤˜ Ì ·˘ÍË̤ÓË Î·ÌÙÈ΋ ¤ÓÙ·ÛË.
∏ ÂÊ·ÚÌÔÁ‹ Ù˘ Ù¯ÓÈ΋˜ Â›Ó·È ·ÏÔ‡ÛÙÂÚË Î·È ÂÚÈÛÛfiÙÂÚÔ ·Ô‰ÔÙÈ-
΋ ÛÙ· ΢ÎÏÈο ˘ÔÛÙ˘ÏÒÌ·Ù·. ™Ù· ÔÚıÔÁˆÓÈο ˘ÔÛÙ˘ÏÒÌ·Ù· ··È-
ÙÂ›Ù·È ÚÔËÁÔ˘Ì¤Óˆ˜ ηٿÏÏËÏË ÂÍÔÌ¿Ï˘ÓÛË ÙˆÓ ÁˆÓÈÒÓ, ¤ÙÛÈ ÒÛÙÂ
(·) ·ÂÚ›ÛÊÈÁÎÙÔ Û΢Úfi‰ÂÌ·
Ó· ·ÔÎÙ‹ÛÔ˘Ó Î·Ì˘ÏfiÙËÙ· Ì ·ÎÙ›Ó· ÙÔ˘Ï¿¯ÈÛÙÔÓ 30 mm. ∏ ·Ô‰Ô-
(‚) ÂÚÈÛÊÈÁ̤ÓÔ Û΢Úfi‰ÂÌ· Ì ÙÈÎfiÙËÙ· Ù˘ Ù¯ÓÈ΋˜ ÌÔÚ› Ó· ·˘ÍËı›, Â¿Ó Ë ÂÊ·ÚÌÔÁ‹ ÙˆÓ Ê‡ÏψÓ
ÂȉÈ΋ Ù·ÈÓ›·“·ÎÂÙ·Ú›ÛÌ·ÙÔ˜”
(Á) ÂÚÈÛÊÈÁ̤ÓÔ Û΢Úfi‰ÂÌ· ÌÂ
(‹ ÙˆÓ ÏˆÚ›‰ˆÓ) Á›ÓÂÈ Ì ÚÔ¤ÓÙ·ÛË. ŸÌˆ˜, ÛÙËÓ ÂÚ›ÙˆÛË ·˘Ù‹ ÔÈ
ÛÂÈÚÔÂȉ‹ ÔÏÈÛÌfi ÔÚıÔÁˆÓÈ΋˜ Ù¯ÓÈΤ˜ ‰˘ÛÎÔϛ˜ ÙÔ˘ ÂÁ¯ÂÈÚ‹Ì·ÙÔ˜ Â›Ó·È ·˘ÍË̤Ó˜ Î·È ÁÈ’ ·˘Ùfi Ë
‰È·ÙÔÌ‹˜
(‰) ÂÚÈÛÊÈÁ̤ÓÔ Û΢Úfi‰ÂÌ· Ì ÂÈ- ÂÊ·ÚÌÔÁ‹ Ù˘ ı· Ú¤ÂÈ Ó· ÂÍÂÙ¿˙ÂÙ·È ÌfiÓÔ Û ÂȉÈΤ˜ ÂÚÈÙÒÛÂȘ.
ÎÔÏÏËÙ¿ ÂÏ¿ÛÌ·Ù·

3. ∆¯ÓÈ΋ ÙÔ˘ ÌÂÙ·ÏÏÈÎÔ‡ Îψ‚Ô‡

∏ Ù¯ÓÈ΋ ÙÔ˘ ÌÂÙ·ÏÏÈÎÔ‡ Îψ‚Ô‡ Â›Ó·È Ë ϤÔÓ ‰È·‰Â‰Ô̤ÓË ‰È·‰Èη-
Û›· ÂÈ‚ÔÏ‹˜ Ù˘ ÂÚ›ÛÊÈÁ͢. ∆¤ÛÛÂÚ· ÌÂÙ·ÏÏÈο ÁˆÓȷο ÂÏ¿ÛÌ·Ù·,
ÚÔÛ·ÚÌfi˙ÔÓÙ·È ÛÙȘ ÁˆÓ›Â˜ ÙÔ˘ ˘ÔÛÙ˘ÏÒÌ·ÙÔ˜ Î·È ÔÚÈ˙fiÓÙÈ· ÌÂÙ·Ï-
ÏÈο ÂÏ¿ÛÌ·Ù· (‹ Ú¿‚‰ÔÈ ·fi ‰ÔÌÈÎfi ¯¿Ï˘‚·) ˘fi ÌÔÚÊ‹ “ÎÔÏ¿ÚˆÓ”,
Û˘ÁÎÔÏÏÔ‡ÓÙ·È ¿Óˆ ÛÙ· ÁˆÓȷο. ¶ÚÈÓ Á›ÓÂÈ Ë Û˘ÁÎfiÏÏËÛË ÚÔËÁ›ٷÈ
Û‡ÛÊÈÁÍË ÙˆÓ ÁˆÓÈ·ÎÒÓ Ì ÂȉÈο ÎÏÂȉȿ ‹ Á›ÓÂÙ·È ÚÔı¤ÚÌ·ÓÛË ÙÔ˘
™¯‹Ì· 5: ¢È·ÁÚ¿ÌÌ·Ù· Ï¢ÚÈ΋˜ ÊfiÚÙÈÛ˘-ÔÚÈ˙ÔÓÙ›ˆÓ ÌÂÙ·ÎÈÓ‹ÛÂˆÓ ÔÚÈ˙fiÓÙÈÔ˘ ÔÏÈÛÌÔ‡ Û ıÂÚÌÔÎÚ·Û›· 200-400Ô C, ¤ÙÛÈ ÒÛÙ ӷ ‰ËÌÈ-
·fi ÂÈÚ·Ì·ÙÈ΋ ¤Ú¢ӷ ÁÈ· ÂÓ›Û¯˘ÛË ˘ÔÛÙ˘ÏˆÌ¿ÙˆÓ Ì ÙËÓ Ù¯ÓÈ΋ Ô˘ÚÁËı› ÂÓÂÚÁ‹ ÂÚ›ÛÊÈÁÍË Ì ÙË Û˘ÛÙÔÏ‹ Ô˘ Â¤Ú¯ÂÙ·È fiÙ·Ó Á›ÓÂÈ
Ù˘ ÂÚ›ÛÊÈÁ͢(Kahn, 1980) ·fi„˘ÍË. ∂Ó·ÏÏ·ÎÙÈο ·ÓÙ› ÁÈ· Û˘ÁÎfiÏÏËÛË ÌÔÚ› Ó· ¯ÚËÛÈÌÔÔÈË-
ıÔ‡Ó “‚›‰Â˜” ‹ “ÓÙ›˙˜” fiˆ˜ Ê·›ÓÂÙ·È ÛÙÔ ™¯‹Ì· 7.
™ÙÔ ™¯‹Ì· 5 ·ÚÔ˘ÛÈ¿˙ÔÓÙ·È ·ÔÙÂϤÛÌ·Ù· Ì›·˜ ÂÈÚ·Ì·ÙÈ΋˜ ¤Ú¢ӷ˜
ÁÈ· ÙÚÂȘ ‰È·ÊÔÚÂÙÈΤ˜ ‰È·‰Èηۛ˜ ÂÚ›ÛÊÈÁ͢ (Kahn, 1980). ¶¤Ú· ·fi
Ù· ÂȉÈÎfiÙÂÚ· Û˘ÌÂÚ¿ÛÌ·Ù· Ô˘ ÌÔÚÔ‡Ó Ó· ÚÔ·„Ô˘Ó ·fi Û˘ÁÎÚ›- ∆· ÎÂÓ¿ Ô˘ ‰ËÌÈÔ˘ÚÁÔ‡ÓÙ·È ÛÙËÓ Â·Ê‹ ÙÔ˘ ÌÂÙ·ÏÏÈÎÔ‡ Îψ‚Ô‡ Î·È ÙÔ˘
ÛÂȘ ÙˆÓ ‰È·ÊÔÚÂÙÈÎÒÓ ‰È·‰ÈηÛÈÒÓ ÂÚ›ÛÊÈÁ͢, ·Í›˙ÂÈ Ó· ·Ú·ÙËÚËı› Û΢ÚÔ‰¤Ì·ÙÔ˜, Û˘ÌÏËÚÒÓÔÓÙ·È Ì ¤Ó· ÌË-Û˘ÚÚÈÎÓÔ‡ÌÂÓÔ ÎÔÓ›·Ì· ‹
Ì›· ÂÓÙ˘ˆÛȷ΋ Û˘ÓÂÈÛÊÔÚ¿ ÛÙËÓ Ï·ÛÙÈÌfiÙËÙ· ÙÔ˘ ÛÙÔÈ¯Â›Ô˘, ÁÈ· ÂÔÍÂȉÈ΋ ÎfiÏÏ·. ∏ ÙÂÏÈ΋ ÂÈÊ¿ÓÂÈ· ÌÔÚ› Ó· ‰ËÌÈÔ˘ÚÁËı› Ì ̛·
fiϘ ÙȘ ‰È·‰Èηۛ˜ ÂÚ›ÛÊÈÁ͢ Ô˘ ÂÍÂÙ¿ÛÙËηÓ. ÈÛ¯˘Ú‹ ÙÛÈÌÂÓÙÔÎÔÓ›· ÔÏÈṲ̂ÓË Ì ¤Ó· ÂÏ·ÊÚ‡ ϤÁÌ· ÂÓÒ ‰ÂÓ Â›Ó·È
··Ú·›ÙËÙË Ë ¯Ú‹ÛË ÂÎÙÔÍ¢fiÌÂÓÔ˘ Û΢ÚÔ‰¤Ì·ÙÔ˜. ™ÙȘ ÂÚÈÙÒÛÂȘ
2. ª·Ó‰‡Â˜ ·fi ÈÓÔÏÈṲ̂ӷ ÔÏ˘ÌÂÚ‹ Ô˘ ÙÔ ‡„Ô˜ ÙÔ˘ ˘ÔÛÙ˘ÏÒÌ·ÙÔ˜ Â›Ó·È Û¯ÂÙÈο ÌÈÎÚfi (h/ ≤ 3) ÂÈϤÁÂÙ·È
√È Ì·Ó‰‡Â˜ Ì ÈÓÔÏÈṲ̂ӷ ÔÏ˘ÌÂÚ‹ (FRPs) ·ÔÙÂÏÔ‡Ó ›Ûˆ˜ ÙÔÓ Û˘¯Ó¿ Ë ·ÓÙÈηٿÛÙ·ÛË ÙˆÓ ÎÔÏ¿ÚˆÓ Ì ¯·Ï‡‚‰ÈÓ· ʇÏÏ· (™¯.4‚).
ϤÔÓ Â‡¯ÚËÛÙÔ ÙÚfiÔ ÂÈ‚ÔÏ‹˜ Ù˘ ÂÚ›ÛÊÈÁ͢. ∞˘Ùfi˜ Â›Ó·È ÛÙËÓ
Ú·ÁÌ·ÙÈÎfiÙËÙ· Ô Î‡ÚÈÔ˜ ÏfiÁÔ˜ ÁÈ· ÙÔÓ ÔÔ›Ô Ë ÂÊ·ÚÌÔÁ‹ ·˘Ù‹˜ Ù˘
Ù¯ÓÈ΋˜ ÂÍ·ÏÒÓÂÙ·È Ú·Á‰·›· ÛÙËÓ Ú¿ÍË.
∆· ʇÏÏ· ÂÊ·ÚÌfi˙ÔÓÙ·È Ì ÙȘ ›Ó˜ ÙÔ˘˜ Û ÔÚÈ˙fiÓÙÈ· ‰È‡ı˘ÓÛË Û˘Ì- ‚›‰Â˜ ‹ ÓÙ›˙˜
‚¿ÏÏÔÓÙ·˜ ¤ÙÛÈ È‰È·›ÙÂÚ· ÛÙÔÓ ÂÁÎÈ‚ˆÙÈÛÌfi ÙÔ˘ ÛÙÔÈ¯Â›Ô˘ Î·È ÛÙËÓ
·‡ÍËÛË Ù˘ ‰È·ÙÌËÙÈ΋˜ ÙÔ˘ ·ÓÙÔ¯‹˜.(™¯.6).

ÁˆÓ›Â˜

™¯‹Ì· 7: ∂Ó·ÏÏ·ÎÙÈ΋ ÂÊ·ÚÌÔÁ‹ Ù˘ Ù¯ÓÈ΋˜ ÙÔ˘ ÌÂÙ·ÏÏÈÎÔ‡ Îψ‚Ô‡

¯ÚËÛÈÌÔÔÈÒÓÙ·˜ “‚›‰Â˜” ‹ “ÓÙ›˙˜”

™¯‹Ì· 6: ∂Ó›Û¯˘ÛË Ì π√¶ (Pilakoutas, 2002)

∂¿Ó ·˘ÙÔ› ÌfiÓÔ Â›Ó·È ÔÈ ÏfiÁÔÈ Ù˘ ÂÓ›Û¯˘Û˘, Ù· ʇÏÏ· ÌÔÚÔ‡Ó Ó· ™Â Û‡ÁÎÚÈÛË Ì ÙȘ ˘fiÏÔÈ˜ ‰È·‰Èηۛ˜ ·ÔÙÂÏ› ÏÂÔÓ¤ÎÙËÌ· Ù˘
·ÓÙÈηٷÛÙ·ıÔ‡Ó ·fi ÔÚÈ˙fiÓÙȘ ψڛ‰Â˜ (“ÎÔÏ¿Ú·”). ∞˘Ù‹ Ë ÂÓ·ÏÏ·- Ù¯ÓÈ΋˜ ÙÔ˘ ÌÂÙ·ÏÏÈÎÔ‡ Îψ‚Ô‡ Ë ‰˘Ó·ÙfiÙËÙ· ÌÂÙ·ÊÔÚ¿˜ ÂÓfi˜ ÙÌ‹-
ÎÙÈ΋ Ù¯ÓÈ΋ ¤¯ÂÈ ÌÂÓ ÔÈÎÔÓÔÌ›· ˘ÏÈÎÔ‡, ·ÏÏ¿ ··ÈÙ› ÂÚÈÛÛfiÙÂÚ· Ì·ÙÔ˜ ÙˆÓ Î·Ù·ÎfiÚ˘ÊˆÓ ÊÔÚÙ›ˆÓ ÙÔ˘ ˘ÔÛÙ˘ÏÒÌ·ÙÔ˜. ™Â Û˘Ó‰˘·ÛÌfi
“ÂÚÁ·ÙÈο” Î·È ÁÈ’ ·˘Ùfi Ë ÂÈÏÔÁ‹ ı· Ú¤ÂÈ Ó· ÂÍ·ÚÙËı› ·fi ÙËÓ ÂÎÙ›- Ì¿ÏÈÛÙ· Ì ÙËÓ Ù·¯‡ÙËÙ· Ì ÙËÓ ÔÔ›· ÌÔÚ› Ó· ÂÊ·ÚÌÔÛÙ› Ë Ù¯ÓÈ-
ÌËÛË ÙÔ˘ Û˘ÓÔÏÈÎÔ‡ ÎfiÛÙÔ˘˜. ΋ Û ÂÚ›ÙˆÛË ¤ÎÙ·ÎÙ˘ ·Ó¿Á΢, Ë Ù¯ÓÈ΋ ·ÔÙÂÏ› ηٿÏÏËÏË
∂¿Ó Û˘Á¯ÚfiÓˆ˜ ÂȉÈÒÎÂÙ·È Î·È Ë ·‡ÍËÛË Ù˘ ηÌÙÈ΋˜ ·ÓÙÔ¯‹˜ ÙÔ˘ ÚÔÛˆÚÈÓ‹ χÛË ¿ÌÂÛ˘ ·Ó¿Ï˄˘ ηٷÎfiÚ˘ÊˆÓ ÊÔÚÙ›ˆÓ Û ÛÙÔȯ›·
ÛÙÔÈ¯Â›Ô˘, ı· Ú¤ÂÈ ÚÔÊ·ÓÒ˜ Ó· ¯ÚËÛÈÌÔÔÈËıÔ‡Ó Î·È Ê‡ÏÏ· Ì Ô˘ ˘¤ÛÙËÛ·Ó ‚Ï¿‚˜ Î·È ·‰˘Ó·ÙÔ‡Ó ϤÔÓ Ó· ÌÂٷʤÚÔ˘Ó Ù· ·ÍÔÓÈ-
ηٷÎfiÚ˘ÊË ‰È‡ı˘ÓÛË ÈÓÒÓ. ŸÌˆ˜, Û’ ·˘Ù‹ ÙËÓ ÂÚ›ÙˆÛË Ë Ù¯ÓÈ΋ ο ÙÔ˘˜ ÊÔÚÙ›· (™¯.8).
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∂¡π™ÃÀ™∂π™
¢∂§∆π√ ™¶ª∂ / ¡Ô 338

∂Í¿ÏÏÔ˘ ÛÙËÓ ÂÚ›ÙˆÛË ÙÔÈ΋˜ ‚Ï¿‚˘ ÙÔ˘ ˘ÔÛÙ˘ÏÒÌ·ÙÔ˜ Ô Îψ- ‰È·ÂÚÓÔ‡Ó Ì¤Ûˆ ÔÒÓ ÙÔ ¿¯Ô˜ ÙÔ˘ ˘ÔÛÙ˘ÏÒÌ·ÙÔ˜ ηÈ
‚fi˜ ÌÔÚ› Ó· ÂÊ·ÚÌÔÛÙ› Á‡Úˆ ·fi ÙË ‚Ï·Êı›۷ ÂÚÈÔ¯‹, fiˆ˜ ËÏÂÎÙÚÔÛ˘ÁÎÔÏÏÔ‡ÓÙ·È ÛÙȘ ·¤Ó·ÓÙÈ ÌÂÙ·ÏÏÈΤ˜ Ͽ̘. ∆Ô
·ÎÚÈ‚Ò˜ ÂÊ·ÚÌfi˙ÂÙ·È Ô ‘‘Ó¿ÚıËη˜’’ ÛÙËÓ ÔÚıÔ‰È΋, ÛÙËÓ ‘‘by pass’’
ÌÂÙ·ÊÔÚ¿ Ù˘ ¤ÓÙ·Û˘. ÎÂÓfi ÌÂٷ͇ ÙˆÓ Ú¿‚‰ˆÓ Î·È ÙˆÓ ÙÔȯˆÌ¿ÙˆÓ ÙˆÓ ÔÒÓ
Û˘ÌÏËÚÒÓÂÙ·È Ì ÂÔÍÂȉÈ΋ ÚËÙ›ÓË.
™Â ÂÚÈÙÒÛÂȘ ˘ÔÛÙ˘ÏˆÌ¿ÙˆÓ Ô˘ Ë Ì›· ÏÂ˘Ú¿ ÙÔ˘˜ ‚Ú›-
ÛÎÂÙ·È Û Â·Ê‹ Ì ÁÂÈÙÔÓÈÎfi fiÚÈÔ Î·È ··ÈÙÂ›Ù·È ÂÚ›ÛÊÈÁÍË,
Ë Ù¯ÓÈ΋ ÙÔ˘ ÌÂÙ·ÏÏÈÎÔ‡ Îψ‚Ô‡ ·ÔÙÂÏ› ÌÔÓ·‰È΋ ‰˘Ó·Ùfi-
ÙËÙ· ‰ÈÂÍfi‰Ô˘. ™’ ·˘Ù‹Ó ÙËÓ ÂÚ›ÙˆÛË ÔÈ Ï¿Ì˜ ‹ Ú¿‚‰ÔÈ,
Ô˘ ı· ¯ÚËÛÈÌÔÔÈËıÔ‡Ó ÛÙËÓ “Ù˘ÊÏ‹” ÏÂ˘Ú¿, ı· Ú¤ÂÈ Ó·
Â›Ó·È ·fi ·ÓÔÍ›‰ˆÙÔ ¯¿Ï˘‚·.

µπµ§π√°ƒ∞ºπ∞
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2. 2. π.√.∫. √Ì¿‰· ∂ÚÁ·Û›·˜: ¢Ú›ÙÛÔ˜ ™., £ÂÔ‰ˆÚ¿Î˘ ™., ™·-
Ófi˜ Ã., ∆˙·Ó¤ÙÔ˜ °., (2004), “¶.∂.∆∂.¶. (¶ÚÔÛˆÚÈÓ¤˜ ∂ıÓÈΤ˜
∆¯ÓÈΤ˜ ¶ÚԉȷÁڷʤ˜) ÁÈ· ŒÚÁ· ∞ÔηٿÛÙ·Û˘ ∑ËÌÈÒÓ
·fi ™ÂÈÛÌÔ‡˜”, [Link], ∞ı‹Ó·.
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∞fi Ù· ̤¯ÚÈ Û‹ÌÂÚ· ÂÚÈÔÚÈṲ̂ӷ ·Ó·Ï˘ÙÈο Î·È ÂÈÚ·Ì·ÙÈο
‰Â‰Ô̤ӷ Ù˘ ¤Ú¢ӷ˜ ÌÔÚÔ‡Ó Ó· ÚÔÙ·ıÔ‡Ó ÔÈ ·Ú·Î¿Ùˆ Repair/Strengthening of R.C. Columns” Proc. of 5 th
ÂÚÈÔÚÈÛÌÔ› ÁÈ· ÙËÓ ÂÊ·ÚÌÔÁ‹ Ù˘ Ù¯ÓÈ΋˜ ÙÔ˘ ÌÂÙ·ÏÏÈÎÔ‡ International Conference on Structural Faults and Repair,
Îψ‚Ô‡: Vol.3, 189-193, Edinburgh.

(·) ∏ ‰È·ÙÔÌ‹ ÙˆÓ ÁˆÓÈ·ÎÒÓ Ú¤ÂÈ Ó· Â›Ó·È ÙÔ˘Ï¿¯ÈÛÙÔÓ 5. Dritsos S., Pilakoutas K., (1994) “Repair/Strengthening
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¯ÈÛÙÔÓ 25x4(mm) fiÙ·Ó ¯ÚËÛÈÌÔÔÈÔ‡ÓÙ·È ÂÏ¿ÛÌ·Ù· ‹ ηْ
ÂÏ¿¯ÈÛÙÔÓ º10, fiÙ·Ó ¯ÚËÛÈÌÔÔÈÔ‡ÓÙ·È Ú¿‚‰ÔÈ ‰ÔÌÈÎÔ‡ Engineering, Vol.3, 667-676, Chicago, Illinois.
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(‰) °È· ÙËÓ ÂÚ›ÙˆÛË ÙÔÈ΋˜ ÂÚ›ÛÊÈÁ͢, Ô ÌÂÙ·ÏÏÈÎfi˜ 7. Frangou M., Pilakoutas K., Dritsos S., (1993)
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ÛÙ·ÛË ÙÔ˘Ï¿¯ÈÛÙÔÓ ÌÈ¿ÌÈÛË ÊÔÚ¿ ÛÙË Ì¤ÛË ‰È¿ÛÙ·ÛË Ù˘ “Repair/Strengthening of Columns by a Simple Localized
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∏ Û˘ÓËıÈṲ̂ÓË ÂÊ·ÚÌÔÁ‹ Ù˘ Ù¯ÓÈ΋˜ ·ÊÔÚ¿ ˘ÔÛÙ˘ÏÒÌ·Ù· 211, Edinburgh.

ÌÈÎÚ‹˜ ‰È·ÙÔÌ‹˜ Ì Â·Ú΋ ‰È·Ì‹ÎË ÔÏÈÛÌfi. °È· ·Ú¿‰ÂÈÁÌ· 8. Kahn L., (1980) “Strengthening of Existing R.C. Columns for
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Earthquake Resistance”, Proc. of the 7th World Conference
‰È¿ÛÙ·ÛË ÙˆÓ 400 mm Î·È ˆ˜ ÂÏ¿¯ÈÛÙÔ˜ ÔÏÈÛÌfi˜ ÙÔ˘ ˘Ô-
ÛÙ˘ÏÒÌ·ÙÔ˜ Ù· 4º18. ™Â ÂÚÈÙÒÛÂȘ ÌÂÁ·Ï˘Ù¤ÚˆÓ ‰È·ÛÙ¿- on Earthquake Engineering, Vol. 4, 327-334, Istanbul.
ÛÂˆÓ ··ÈÙÔ‡ÓÙ·È ÂӉȿÌÂÛ˜ ‰È·ÌÂÚ›˜ ¯·Ï‡‚‰ÈÓ˜ Ú¿‚‰ÔÈ 9. Pilakoutas K., (2002) ™ËÌÂÈÒÛÂȘ ™ÂÌÈÓ·Ú›Ô˘ ÁÈ· FRP,
‰ÔÌÈÎÔ‡ ¯¿Ï˘‚· Û ·ÔÛÙ¿ÛÂȘ Ù˘ Ù¿Í˘ ÙˆÓ 300 mm, Ô˘
Sheffield U.K.
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