Lecture No.
: 7 المحاضرة السابعة 1
What is Tall Buildings :
Sydney Chicago
110 stories, 435 m height 2
Causes of Lateral Loads :
Wind
Earthquake
3
Approximate Methods of Analysis
of Tall Buildings under Lateral Loads
:
Portal Frame Method
Cantilever Method
4
Portal Frame
Method
5
Portal Frame
Method
F1 2F1 F1
F2 2F2 F2 6
Portal Frame
Method
7
Disadvantages of Portal Frame Method
Do not take the variation
in column section into
consideration
A 2A
Do not take the distance
between columns into
consideration
8
Cantilever
Method
9
F1 F2 F3
A1 A2 A3
s3
s1 s2
10
Solution Steps :
A1 A2 +CG A3
SAx
xCG =
SA
11
Solution Steps :
F1 F2 F3
A1 A2 +CG A3
s3
s1 s2
F1 F2 F3
s1 = s2 = s3 = 12
A A2 A3
Example 1 :
Draw B.M, S.F & [Link] for the shown frame
27.2 t
0.5A 3.5A 2A 4
13.6 t
0.5A 3.5A 2A 4
8 8
13
27.2 t
4
13.6 t
8 8
14
0.5A 3.5A 2A
O
8 8
SAx
xCG =
SA
0.5A x 0 + 3.5A x 8 + 2A x 16 60 A
xCG = =
0.5A+3.5A+2A 6A
= 10 m
15
+CG
F1 F2 F3
0.5A 3.5A 2A
s3
s1 s2
F1 F2 F3
s1 = s2 = s3 =
0.5A 3.5A 2A
16
+CG
F1 F2 F3
8 2 6
F3
F1 2A
F2
0.5A
3.5A
17
+CG
F1 F2 F3
8 2 6
F3
F1 2A
F2
0.5A
3.5A
F2
3.5A 2 F2 2 F1
= 3.5A
= F2 = 1.4 F1
F1 10 10 0.5A
18
0.5A
+CG
F1 F2 F3
8 2 6
F3
F1 2A
F2
0.5A
3.5A
F3
2A 6 F3 6 F1
F3 = 2.4 F1
= =
F1 10 2A 10 0.5A
19
0.5A
+CG
F1 1.4 F1 2.4 F1
8 2 6
Mreaction = Maction About CG
Mreaction = 10xF1+ 2x1.4 F1+ 6x2.4F1
= 27.2 F1
20
27.2 t
4
13.6 t
8 8
21
27.2 t
13.6t
27.2 t
2
+CG
F1 1.4 F1 2.4 F1
Mreaction = Maction
27.2 F1 = 27.2 x 2
F1 = 2 t 22
27.2 t
13.6t
27.2 t
2 2.8
4.8
23
27.2 t 27.2 t
4
13.6
13.6 t
2
+CG
F1 1.4 F1 2.4 F1
Mreaction = Maction
27.2 F1 = 27.2 x 6 + 13.6 x 2
F1 = 7 t
24
27.2 t
13.6
7 9.8 16.8
25
27.2 t
2 2.8 4.8
2 2.8 4.8
13.6 t
7 9.8
16.8
7 9.8 16.8
26
27.2
2 2.8 4.8
13.6
7 9.8 16.8
4
27.2 t F2 S Fy = 0
a F3 = 2 t
F3
2 S M@ = 0
F1 4 F3 = 2 F1
F1 = 4
2
S Fx = 0
F2 = 23.2 t 27
27.2
2 2.8 4.8
13.6
7 9.8 16.8
27.2 t 23.2
28
27.2 23.2 27.2
2 2.8 4.8
2
13.6
4
2 7 9.8 16.8
4 4
2
23.2 a 9.6 S Fx = 0
2 4.8 S Fy = 0
13.6
S M@ = 0
2.8 ? x 2 = (2+4.8)x4
29
2 27.2
23.4 9.6 2 2.8 4.8
13.6
4.8
13.6
7 9.8 16.8
2.8
4.8
9.6
9.6
S Fx = 0
30
4.8
4.8
2
27.2 23.2 23.2 9.6 9.6
2 4.8
4
13.6
9.6
2
2.8 4.8
27.2 t
4 13.6 9.6
2 2.8 4.8
31
27.2 t
27.2
2 2.8 4.8
4 13.6 9.6
13.6
2 2.8 4.8
7 9.8 16.8
2
4
S Fx = 0 2
13.6 a 11.6
5 S Fy = 0 2
6
S M@ = 0
7
4 32
27.2 t
27.2
2 2.8 4.8
4 13.6 9.6
13.6
2 2.8 4.8
2 2.8 7 9.8 16.8
4
13.6
13.6 11.6
5 5 S Fx = 0
6
11.6 a 4.8
7
12
20.4 S Fy = 0
9.8 S M@ = 0 33
27.2 t 27.2
2 2.8 4.8
4 13.6 9.613.6
2 2.8 4.8
7 9.8 16.8
4 2
13.6 2.8
13.6 11.6 11.6 5 4.8 4.8
9.6
5 12
6 20.4
9 12
7 9.8 4.8
14.4
S Fx = 0
16.8 34
4.8
2
27.2 23.2 23.2 9.6 9.6
2 4.8
4
13.6
9.6
2
2.8 4.8
2 2.8 4.8
4 13.6 9.6
12
13.6 11.6 11.6 5 4.8 4.8
5 12 14.4
6 20.4
16.8
7 9.8
35
4.8
2
27.2 23.2 23.2 9.6 9.6
2 4.8
4
13.6
9.6
2
2.8 4.8
2 2.8 4.8
4 13.6 9.6
12
13.6 11.6 11.6 5 4.8 4.8
5 12 14.4
6 20.4
16.8
7 9.8
6 7 20.4 9.8 14.4 16.8
36
27.2 23.2 2 9.6 4.8
4 2 13.6 4.8 9.6
2
2 13.6 2.8 4.8
4 12 9.6
13.6 11.6 5 4.8
14.4
6 5 20.4 12
6 7 9.8 16.8
14.4
20.4
-
- 9.6
2+ 23.4
+ 4.8 -
2.8
- -
11.6 4.8
7
+ + 16.8 -
9.8
NFD 37
27.2 23.2 2 9.6 4.8
4 2 13.6 4.8 9.6
2
2 13.6 2.8 4.8
4 12 9.6
13.6 11.6 5 4.8
14.4
6 5 20.4 12
6 7 9.8 16.8
14.4
20.4
- -
2 4.8
4 + 13.6 + + 9.6
- -
5 12
6 + + + 14.4
20.4
SFD 38
27.2 23.2 2 9.6 4.8
4 2 13.6 4.8
4 9.6
2
2 13.6 2.8 4.8
4 4 12 9.6
13.6 11.6 5 4.8
14.4
6 5 20.4 12
8 8
6 7 9.8 16.8
14.4
8 20.4
19.2
8 - 27.2 - 19.2
8
+ + -
19.2
20 48
- 12 - 40.8 -+
28.8
8 -+ 27.2
+ 19.2 -
20 48
12 + 40.8 + + BMD 39
28.8
Summary
Solution Steps :
A1 A2 +CG A3
SAx
xCG =
SA
40
Summary
Solution Steps :
F1 F2 F3
A1 A2 +CG A3
s3
s1 s2
F1 F2 F3
s1 = s2 = s3 = 41
A A A
Questions
42