Randoms @1 - Ferrous @2 - Non-Ferrous 03 - Composites & Non-metallic Composites Wood Fabric 04 - Corrosion @5 - Fasteners Size List Number Size Other number 3 4 5 6 a 3/32 1/8 #30 5/32 #20 3/16 #10 ye Bolts & Studs & Screws Bolts Bolt Features Thread Angle — Diglerin bir birine yaptig1 agi Forn - Vidanan genel profili Nominal Length > Head to thread Crest > Dig ucu Root > Dig Koki Pitch > tki dig arasi mesafe Lead > Vidanan bir tur déndigiinde ilerledigi mesafe Flank -> Digin yanaga Major Diameter > dig ucundan dlgilen cap Minor Dianeter —> dig kdkiinden dlgilen capPitch Diameter ikisinin ortasi (dig ortasindan) dlgilen gap Grip Length - Digsiz kisim (hiloktaki iste ya) Length -> Tam uzunluk kafadan dig baglangicina kadar @ Single Thread vs. Multiple Thread Dig baglangici, normalde tek ama bazi vidalar iki falan bagliyor. Cok baglangiglilar daha hizla ilerliyor "LEAD" = pitch x start Identifications Raised Cross (x) on head (GARPI) -> AN - Steel (with nickel) Cross inside Triangle (Uggen igin carpi) —> NAS close tolerance Dash (lower side/atta kisa gizgi) > CRES corrosion resistance steel Double raised dash (iki tarafa yayilms 2 gizgi) -> Aluminium Bolt Standards British Standards (BS) BSW > British Standard Whitworth > British Standard Coarse (55° degree - Vee type - rounded equally) BSF — Finer version of BSW (British Standard Whitworth) "resistance to vibration" BSP > Another BSW but "strong connection" British Association (BA) + © Different (BS) uses 47.5° degree + © Size @ to 10. (0 is larger thread) American National Coarse and Fine (ANF & ANC) » © 60° degree, like in some ways metric Unified UNC - Unified National Coarse UNF - Unified National Fine UNEF - Unified National Extra Fine Unified Numbers 10-32 means — Number 10 - 3/16" (diameter) + 32 TPI - threads per inch Major dia formula — Written Number X 0.013" + 0.060" = gives major diameter 6-22 UNC 2B > 6 x 0.013" + 0.060" = 0.138"oO Thread Pitch © Fine > digler daha sik © Coarse > digler daha aralakli @ Thread Pitch Gauge + The thread pitch gauge can also measure internal threads + It is not easy to see the gauge teeth when measuring internal threads + Identifying the correct pitch on an internal thread is done more by feel than by eye Thread Profiles © Square — No degree © Buttress > 45" degree © heme > 29° degree Studs (Saplama) © Ezi-out : Ters kilavuz Self Tapping Screws (Ak111l1 vida) secure thin-gauge sheet-metal (nuts and bolts are either impractical or too expensive) screwed into a hole of the correct diameter they form their own thread Editor Notu : Kargo konteynirlarinda kullaniliyordu Nuts non-self-locking nuts Shear Castle Nut castle Nut Slotted Engine Nut Wing Nut locking nuts high-temperatureself-locking nuts low-temperature self-locking nuts HELI-COIL Insert Installation Tanged > Sonunda gikintisi var, takmaya yardime1 oluyor, sonra kesmek gerekir. aleti var (tang break-off tool) bazilar multi-tool installer ayni zamanda break-off yapiyor ya da yan keski kullanilir. Standard olan tagned Removal Kendi toolu var. Uggen aguzia Locking Devices Wire Lock (Safety Wire) MS 20995 - NC - 32 TT Military Specification Standard-Number Letter Code Wire Diameter in 1/1000" Letter Codes c > cRES F - Carbon Steel (Zine Plated) N > Nickel (+ Chrome + Fe) NC -> Nickel + Cu (Monel) Wire locking details at > Aircraft Maintenance Manual Chapter 20 Methods USE Single wire (without twisting), small screws in a closely-spaced closed geometrical pattern, on parts in electrical systems and in places that are extremely difficult to reach USE double-twist for all other application Twist per inch< 0.019" wire > 11-14 0.019" - 0.026" wire > 9-12 0.023" - 0.042" wize > 7-10 0.043" - 0.065" wire > 5-8 more than 0.065" wire > 4-7 Washers Spring Washer Tab Washer Shake-proof Washer Circlips Palnuts Locking Plates © Used instead of tab washers where repeated removal of bolt is required Split Pin & Cotter Pin © Can only be used once Center Punching/Burring © Only carried out when detailed in aircraft document set Quick Release Pip Pin Ring pull detent pin > A single ball locates the pin, no positive lock. The simplest option for location purposes. Simply push to insert, and pull to remove Fitted with a ‘keyring’ loop Double acting steel pin > the ring handle can be pushed in or pulled out (double acting), Instantaneous self locking, vibration resistant, easy application Camloc Flush Type Protruding Head Airloc The fixed type The floating type Dzuslight-duty type > used on box covers, access hole covers, and lightweight fairing heavy-duty type -> which is used on cowlings and heavy fairings Cotter Pins (KUPIL/KUPILYA) Made from low-carbon steel or stainless steel + resistant to corrosion + © Stainless steel cotter pins are used in locations where non-magnetic material is required + @ Whenever uneven-prong cotter pins are used, the length measurement is to the end of the shorter prong Cotter Pin IMPORTANT: Use castellated nuts with bolts that have been drilled for cotter pins + Use stainless steel cotter pins especially near compasses The cotter pin should fit neatly into the hole, with very little sideplay Do not bend the prong over the bolt end beyond the bolt diameter (cut it off if necessary) + Do not bend the prong down against the surface of the washer (again, cut it off if necessary) + Do not extend the prongs outward from the sides of the nut if you use the optional wraparound method + Bend all prongs over a reasonable radius - sharp-angled bends invite break- age + Tap the prongs lightly with a mallet to bend them Keys (KAMA) Taper Keys » a taper of 1 part in 100 on the thickness Hollow Saddle Key» Flat Saddle Key > Gib- Headed Key> Feather Key > This type of key is used when axial movement is required Woodruff Key —> Rivets O Rivet Selection When repairing aircraft structure, it must be restored to the condition of structural integrity and aerodynamic shape that was needed for its original certification When selecting a rivet, the shear strength of the rivet must match the bearing strength of the material being riveted, with the bearing strength being slightly higher than the shear strength A commonly-used rule of thumb for selecting the rivet size is to choose a rivetwhose diameter is at least 3 times the thickness of the thinnest sheet being joined Head Types Flush Head Countersink -> 100° degree or 82° degree Universal + Protruding head -» basli pergin Codes NAS1097 -» Shear Head (kiiglk havga, BACR) A > 1100 — As fabricated no heat threatment AD > 2117 > have sufficient strength. no heat-treat need "SMALL DIMPLE" D ~ BAC (Boeing) - Kilgdk havga, ucagin kendisinde gelen DD -> Two RAISED DASH (ice-box rivets) buzdan gaktaktan 15 dakika iginde gakzimasi lazim M > two recessed dimples or a raised R + contains nickel B -> 5056 Magnesium RAISED CROSS / 5% magnesium contains F - Corrosion resistant steel T ~ Titanium RAISED V or T . for fastening titanium or steel alloys Aluminum Heat Rivet Treatment Solution Annealing -» 495° C deg / certain time / 20° degree water quenching / 20 to 18@ minute ductile (ready to install) / after starts auto hardening + © All rivets of the materials 3.1324, 2017, 2017A and 2024 - Alloys, which are not used directly after the solution annealing process, have to be stored at -18C + © At this temperature the rivets can be stored for up to 7 days. At - 20C the storage time can be increased up to 20 days + © As soon as the rivets are removed from the freezer, the autonomous hardening process of the material begins Monel (Nickel) Titanium Special Types Close Tolerance Rivets or Seal Tank Rivets Thin sheet rivets Cherry Buck Titanium Shear-Pin iki farkli materyalden olugan pargal: rivet sistemi+ © high shear loadlar igin yapiimgtir. Hiloklara alternatif. Robotlar gakabiliyor bunu Kafa ve ortas: > Ti6AL4V (AMS 6967) Tapered son / alt kism — Ti/Cb (AMS 4982) (Titan/Columbium) vurulunca diger kafay. olugturuyor Orijinal kafasi 95 KSI tensile strength var 600 F sicakliga dayanakli Parga kodu CSR925 + Dia + Finish Code D (Alum coating) ya da E (Alum coating) ya da WA (Color anodize blue) + © A330/40larda 40% agirlaktan tasarruf without no shear strength loss nish code + grip length + special codes Hi-lok Collar Hi-lite Hi-Tique Taper-lok Lock Bolt Blind-rivets Types Cherry Series cherz head types Universal 100° Countersunk 100° Countersunk (shallow) (for thin-sheet applications) Sizes : 1/8" - 5/32" 3/16" Materials 5056 aluminium alloy 2017 aluminium alloy Monel A-286 CRES Bulbed Cherrylock (gikintil kafali olan, kulakli somun seyi gibi) + © only available in diameters 1/64" oversize from the normal nominal sizes Head types available areUniversal 100" Countersunk Unisink (a combination of countersunk and Universal) 156" Countersunk (for honeycomb materials) This is very useful if rivet holes have become worn during rivet removal and gives the flexibility of fitting a larger diameter rivet without needing to open up the hole to the next nominal diameter (which may be critical in maintaining sufficient land) Materials 5056 aluminiun alloy Monel Inconel 620 Olympic-Lok Rivets © dandik gekne, kulakl1 somun igin Head Styles Universal (protruding) 100° flush countersunk 100° flush shear Material Jo-| © There are eight different alloy combinations of: 2017-T4 A-286 5056 Monel © Huck ya da cherry max tabancasi eknez, elle geknek lazin bolt © high-strength blind fastener Rivnut 6 7 8 09 10 bu benim bildigim insert aslinda, gekiyorsun, igi vidali. malzemesi hafif Pipes Unions Springs Bearings Transmissions Control Cables11 - Electric Cables and Connectors