Correction du 2ème Devoir de Circuit Electrique SI2

Exercice 1(1.5pt)
• Courant i(t) (0.5pt)
1 1 150  − cos (1000t ) 
i(t ) =  v(t )dt =  150sin (1000t ) dt =   = −7.5cos (1000t ) A
L 0.02 0.02  1000 

• Puissance p(t) (0.5pt)

150  7.5
p (t ) = vi = 150sin (1000t )    −7.5cos (1000t )  = − sin(2000t ) = 562.5sin(2000t ) W
2

• Puissance moyenne (0.5pt)

T T
1 1
Pmoy =  p(t )dt =  562.5sin(2000t )dt = 0 W
T0 T0

Exercice 2 (5 pt)
Tension aux bornes de chaque élément et tracé du graphe
Expression du courant (1 pt)
• 0 < 𝑡 < 1𝑚𝑠, 𝑖 (𝑡) = 10 × 103 𝑡
• 1 < 𝑡 < 2𝑚𝑠 ; 𝑖 (𝑡) = 10
• 2 < 𝑡 < 4𝑚𝑠 ; 𝑖 (𝑡) = −10 × 103 𝑡 +
30
• 4 < 𝑡 < 5𝑚𝑠 ; 𝑖 (𝑡) = −10
• 5 < 𝑡 < 6 ; 𝑖 (𝑡) = 10 × 103 𝑡 − 60

Figure 1
• Aux bornes de la résistance R, 𝑣𝑅 = 𝑅𝑖
Expression de 𝑣𝑅 (0.5 pt) Représentation (0.5 pt)
• 0 < 𝑡 < 1𝑚𝑠, 𝑣𝑅 (𝑡) = 20 ×
103 𝑡 V
• 1 < 𝑡 < 2𝑚𝑠 ; 𝑣𝑅 (𝑡) = 20 V
• 2 < 𝑡 < 4𝑚𝑠 ; 𝑣𝑅 (𝑡) = −20 ×
103 𝑡 + 30 V
• 4 < 𝑡 < 5𝑚𝑠 ; 𝑣𝑅 (𝑡) = −20 V
• 5<𝑡<6; 𝑣𝑅 (𝑡) = −20 ×
3
10 𝑡 − 60 V
 𝑑𝑖(𝑡)
• Aux bornes de l’auto-inductance, 𝑣𝐿 = 𝐿
𝑑𝑡

Expression de 𝑣𝐿 (0.5 pt) Représentation (0.5 pt)

• 0 < 𝑡 < 1𝑚𝑠, 𝑣𝐿 (𝑡) = 20 𝑉
• 1 < 𝑡 < 2𝑚𝑠 ; 𝑣𝐿 (𝑡) = 0 𝑉
• 2 < 𝑡 < 4𝑚𝑠 ; 𝑣𝐿 (𝑡) = −20 𝑉
• 4 < 𝑡 < 5𝑚𝑠 ; 𝑣𝐿 (𝑡) = 0 𝑉
• 5 < 𝑡 < 6 ; 𝑣𝐿 (𝑡) = 20 𝑉

1
• Aux bornes du condensateur 𝑣𝐶 = ∫ 𝑖 (𝑡)𝑑𝑡
𝐶

Expression de 𝑣𝐶 (0.5 pt) Représentation (0.5 pt)

• 0 < 𝑡 < 1𝑚𝑠,
 (10 10 t ) dt
1 t
vC = 3

500  10 −6 0

10  103  1 2 
t

=  t
500  10 −6  2  0
= 10  106 t 2
• 1 < 𝑡 < 2𝑚𝑠 ;
1
(10 ) dt
t

500 10 −6 10−3

vC = 10 +

10
= 10 +  t 10−3
t
−6
500 10
= 10 + 20 103 ( t − 10 −3 )
• 2 < 𝑡 < 4𝑚𝑠 ;
1
( −10 10 t + 30 ) dt
t
vC = 30 + 
3

500 10−6 210−3

t
1  −10 103 t 2 
= 30 + −6
  + 30t 
500 10  2  210−3
= −10 106 t 2 + 60 103 t − 50
• 4 < 𝑡 < 5𝑚𝑠 ;
1
−6 410−3 (
−10 ) dt
t
vC = 30 +
500  10
10
= 30 −  t 410−3
t
−6
500  10
= 30 − 20  103 ( t − 4  10 −3 )
 • 5 < 𝑡 < 6 𝑚𝑠 ;
1
(10 10 t − 60 ) dt
t
vC = 10 + 
3

500 10−6 510−3

t
1 10 103 t 2 
= 10 + −6
 − 60t 
500 10  2  510−3
= 10 106 t 2 − 60 103 t + 350
• Valeur de 𝑞 = 𝐶𝑣𝑐
Expression de q (0.5 pt) Représentation (0.5 pt)
• 0 < 𝑡 < 1𝑚𝑠
q = 500 10−6 (10 106 t 2 )
= 5 103 t 2
• 1 < 𝑡 < 2𝑚𝑠 ;
(
q = 500  10−6 10 + 20 103 ( t − 10 −3 ) )
500 10−5 + 10(t − 10 −3 )
• 2 < 𝑡 < 4𝑚𝑠 ;
q = 500 10−6 ( −10 106 t 2 + 60 103 t − 50 )
= −5 103 t 2 + 30t − 0.025

• 4 < 𝑡 < 5𝑚𝑠

(
q = 500 10−6 30 − 20 103 ( t − 4 10−3 ) )
= 0.015 − 10 ( t − 4 10−3 )
• 5 < 𝑡 < 6 𝑚𝑠 ;
q = 500 10−6 (10 106 t 2 − 60 103 t + 350 )
= 5 103 t 2 − 30t + 0.1750

Exercice 3(7 pt)

1) Détermination des potentiels v1 et v2

v1 − v2 v1 − 0
Au nœud 1, on a : i1 = i2 + i3  5 = +
4 2

3v1 − v2 = 20 (1)

v1 − v2 v −0
Au nœud 2, i2 + i4 = i1 + i5  + 10 = 5 + 2
4 6
−3v1 + 5v2 = 60 (2)
 (1) Et (2) donnent :

3v1 − v2 = 20
 (0.5 pt) (3)
 −3v1 + 5v2 = 60

Méthode de substitution

4v2 = 80  v2 = 20V
40 (0.5 pt)
3v1 − 20 = 20  v1 = = 13.33
3

Méthode de Cramer

 3 −1  v1   20  3 −1
 −3    =   = = 15 − 3 = 12
 5   v2   60  −3 5

20 −1
1 60 5 100 + 60
v2 = = = = 13.33V
 3 −1 12
−3 5
3 20
2 −3 60 180 + 60
v2 = = = = 20V
 3 −1 12
−3 5

Les courants :
v1 − v2 v −0
i1=5A ; i2 = = −1.6668 A (0.5 pt) ; i3 = 2 = 6.66 A (0.5 pt) ; i4 = 10 A ;
4 2
v2
i5 = = 3.33 A (0.5 pt)
6

2) Calcul des courant I1, I2 et I3

Mail 1 :
−15 + 5i1 + 10(i1 − i2 ) + 10 = 0
3i1 − 2i2 = 1 (4)
Mail 2 :
6i2 + 4i2 + 10(i2 − i1 ) − 10 = 0
i1 − 2i2 = −1 (5)
 3i1 − 2i2 = 1
(4) Et (5)  (0.5 pt) (6)
i1 − 2i2 = −1

• Méthode de substitution
2i1 = 2  i1 = 1A ; −2i2 = −1 − i1  i2 = 1A ; I1 = i1 = 1A; I 2 = i2 = 1A; I 3 = i1 − i2 = 0 A (1pt)

• Méthode de Cramer
3 −2   i1   −1 3 −2

1 −2  i  =    = = −6 + 2 = −4
  2  1  1 −2

1 −2 3 1
1 −1 −2 −2 − 2  2 1 −1 −3 − 1
i1 = = = =1 i2 = = = =1
 3 −2 −4  3 −2 −4
1 −2 1 −2

3) Résistance équivalente du réseau

Transformation en delta-étoile
Ra=24Ω ; Rb=10Ω ; Rc=20Ω
Rb Rc 10  20 200
R1 = = =
Ra + Rb + Rc 24 + 10 + 20 54
Ra Rc 24  20 480
R2 = = = (1.5 pt)
Ra + Rb + Rc 24 + 10 + 5 54
Ra Rb 24 10 240
R3 = = =
Ra + Rb + Rc 24 + 10 + 5 54

( R2 + 30 ) ( R3 + 50 )
R = 2
( R + 30 )( R3 + 50 ) = 22.6852 (0.5 pt)
R2 + 30 + R3 + 50
eq1

• Req _ tot = Req1 + R1 + 13 = 39.3889  40

(0.5 pt)

• Courant :

v 240
i= = = 6 A (0.5 pt)
Req _ tot 40

Exercice 4 : (6.5 pt)

1) Valeurs caractéristiques (3pt)
Z ch = 6 + 8 j = 1053.1 (0.5pt)
2500
I ch = = 25 − 53.1 A (0.5pt)
1053.1
S = ( 2500 )  ( 25 − 53.1) 10−3 = 6.2553.1 kVA


(0.5pt)
P=6.25cos(53.1 )=3.75 kW (0.5pt)
Q=6.25sin ( 53.1 ) = 5.0 kvar (0.5pt)
Fp = cos ( 53.1 ) = 0.6
(0.5pt)

2) Tension
a) Vsource = 2500 + (1 + 3 j ) ( 25 − 53.1 ) = 3264.4 V (0.5 pt)
b) Pligne = 1 252 = 625 W
( 0.5pt)

3) Calculons : (2.5 pt)

2500 (0.5 pt)
a) Ic = = 2090 A
12.5 − 90
b) I source = 25 − 53.1 + 2090 = 150 A (0.5 pt)
(0.5 pt)
c) Fp = cos ( 0 ) = 1
d) Vsource = 2500 + (1 + 3 j )(150 ) = 26910 V (0.5 pt)
e) Pligne = 1152 = 225 W
(0.5 pt)