E0tlarl0NS Dt FFERENTtEIT^ES oRD,NATnES

E. D,0.

'
f ntr,od,r,rotton
' (rr. 4r
.;. ^, phenornineo duuar;io nombr,etrle6 oeche'r chel fq;te4)
. en phytiqwe, mdcaniqttt , chrmic, olttor,r-i. , [Link]', ilctinornie,
: tgehno'loguc , dc', ,/g0mpo,vtent r potrt, Io plapc,r,D , &a [Link]'rnea de nqtuv
, onotirr,","lle i il ,r'agil d.e .d,itt+m(nq'u d,el forrct(onc .rnu-J+.jutl ott
.f
ieoto,,,tell.o , ootttfedrqnt"i. af ,conotrbd,ons frredt{, afrn d'd}crblr d< lut<
- ,9i^df41.1,..'.4,rtucpqwt dtit ct6 nombtettcc phinorninep'iretto d3 fa teohnologri
.m6&t,n€ cor"r,t wro4il,;11'6 (oi7lb) pat otel E'D.0'. o['ot4't n , c.i.d 4cl
,.,,,l,qlatl1nc .d,1 ,typg. fi; )'tr,7', Xt',..., Utt)): o 'oir t'nte+iienncnt {,r+ats.1Ut
trn#pan4ante.?c , ,l4,pnetrjorT .r,ncgnnuue I r * certarincs- de ecq [Link]<

,rr o*isre petr 4'i1uor;f'^r'a;1t *ffir* 1* l'ur. ,[Link] ie'outadn. explfcdlenrcr

Ccllto-ct tont olcfrce{ pr typel ,'trour' l"lluth r"e -*ltinod,.r4';"tJgutton o {t"
I

otic,ou+t+ts.
. l'dt *4e ,4t lq ^Jool*trlon [Link] .ErD. O- 0ccu,pe,i [Link] p|,.* 6rnpo,ttantq du
'
.
[Link].s m"fhdi"tdqUe'.' ro'to1u'oh ne *Ut ptocid.
' po" dcq rn{tho4re approohelc . 'r' ' ''t
',al'dntrig''et'l'E.D.',"1n

- I'E.D.O' l'' ."?.* :' ' - '- r'

h';
(f
Delt,n;ttcir
De'Ft,n;ttcn
' ,,
de
de l' E.D.0. 4'0,,,d,,,r
"t'otgql n
-l ffi
t afp(llc ury E.D.0. d'o'u4x hr booute s1tra*on de b forrnt
t.(*, 1=,'l:l,,xtt'l'.tr"'t ?("')--0,otr r(*,'trtlu'),tt',
., \ ,
€'. a''d. WnE ,r,cletdOn entrr,t :
1i!...,:,.ta))rf :

. l'unique tquqble ir,adg.^aonte ag, : ' . ':' -

.1 ,'
.'uht fo'icuion inconntts d J. lq dqriabL *(U1*'l,nn
"hrnrr.l;
ii""mfner)
.. .ct iec 4dtt,ycli .X,.,X,,r,,,..,,,y(n), orio.. olu)l {+ ', n=n,r,.i,,
. ct unc fonctirn' Jonnrl g, [Link]*.[Link], nullt.= ,*' '

Remarque
*.* ,

a) Dqnc l'g.b.o. F(r, U,r1,,X,,,,.., ;o

- _ _,", ,, qlni), __\ :

: elt tq {t'r"rrmi"e de.J'E }. . i* J. t?dmtrngr. d^ JtE.}.

'u(^)'-'
F(r, x, z) ,f* d- [Link], t', X", "' , U$'il)
fdt .l'E. D. 0. d'ordte n cri f 'E, b.'0.
4orr en ,ttr (nl ., 'rl
I
4el0tqc
!

^iSolu. s4
EXe rnplrl ono [Link]{ 0rd'rnattea
d,'c'grrq,td ii

j ' q\ "' x'= 'coQx b) | 'zx-y , o) (ltxo)X '+"r1x :, I' d) X'xL+

tf :
e), jg .l'?-R r'! +I:
e) . zx rtr'trt : :tlt r :i.'
iz i)t " rlu - LX, *, ='"r*,", .f o t^r eoC ar il
..i8t:r: ,
: :.'::-.:
__ a

\g Degcnrtton ol,'une Eguatron [Link] .Ddri,"e6< pc,rt e llt<

1L) r

.f UnG E. D.0 of une dluatdon danl fonctr'on rlnco n norC

tl = f (rc) c.; d vtr ett un{ fonotdon dnconnue ,4lunr z{s411 raiabk indJgxttnla r*z lt'.
'a Unt E.D, P. sct une dluotd6n differtnt.'e ll. 4ono .041r ellc
X | .f(rrtr':.)
[Link] X t1!,*n" [Link]'on rnconnug ,: otl. [Link] ,tzr..i dWa
lc, tf ''
" t

, ir,4JF.ncta1tlt
Exemp'tr , .. ! i (J'cq"dtrondcPodqoon:'oif*o
t - '' , :
t I ,
a\,CX- *
' 4 =6,
(d+cntuclkm?nt'1: o) €rtI
'
z*f
'i
"a oi. l= xecttrr). T-
'' b) o'&. - # ,= f :1' (Jner,tucltrment f I o) tct .)'Jl, olion dz )a cl*leu,-
2X<'. . ?tr
: ' lai'.^, {at',unc .co-notan}a,ffi;[Link]^e, u: u(rrt).
.,c) ,,3!L ,--,. nt f= i' ;i
h * =' f .,(e'+. ntut ll,cme t'1uati'o" dra on 4ol o rr drr cd<wr'r,rn r!
ar-c
nca rrrl&. r

. oe,r{,,.!olt 1..1"; ..#, , #.,r.1"!:,"ie"1 'erf;ch'.remrinf lrn aln,l/ra

1.d3"'a.
i a^ u,lar'ru.,1goy',,-t' .'' .' e

- , pe.t:.11"4 ,4!.r Lqt,96,o,[Link]

@
Dc'grnrtion il,I tfart. a'.^. .FO
i tll' erb l'oid.c d,e lo 4;Jr.'*[ l" f*r dl.'.t{[ corken4g

zdonq ntftr dliration'

Ettmplet
X,= co6rc eaf unc E.0.0 dq $r t:-d,re: ,

*"LL- 3x crt une E' D'o du 2qd w4'< '

1o ' 't' -r'1=

.T;"
"mll. rlutdon,, bu',inrt'g*l" ;i d,,^n." diuctio: [Link]
:^rilil !ou.h frnehobn Uz fkl
tdrfiar.t ( ou utr"lfataant i ) ccfie,.' o!u,^i,or,
l
.

1 Rdlottd,,r,e, ou t,nhr'grret,, tlnt E, D;., c'Qrt. d..'te.'*ne'- "l'enq',^ibl*'& ac< aol,^416r1y ,

"
rouht courbe ne1#<""r[ant, [Link]< aolutcon< , e4tune cti urbe t*g,-lc&

Erecrnp{rl *' E.0.0. r r

. {ra<4,rr!G .l
r) Y'=,*- r! crt u,re t.D;';;li o.d*. i coefficiqnto r,oqatqnt<
A) 3, ,i' "1 ,coa T ert unr E.D. L:nJar r. du lg crd* a- coggfi6tq 4f4 caVtqr&
-,O =
, ,tr'* *l dt*" e,[Link] E.D.,l;ndai 11 Au lx't'.,-
= . ,l

+) U.g=q
[Link] qbt'a b=+
ffiffi 'ouki,t
aryonla

tont d<r. E. b. li"l"^no

du 1( ondrc i [Link]
rconotanh.
 :'

@ Ddf lnrtton ac I'Eluatdon Drffiirentrellr d'o,rdre n q{'re f..^d n(rnbre

toTowtc elrr,ot(on 4rgdtintuOll. d'otd,t't n d,t la forrne F(*1,

I, !', U,,,,.., ,(n)) = f (E)

rrt alpcft'c cluotion aigfJarrt,,;clll 4'otd,a.c n art€e lnd mernbte'oq 1irnfe^cr,t

ijuctdon ,co-Plit'
20 r.' jluotiirn Fl*r2,X',-.X",1,', 1(n)) : o (1c't. 4^4 membrc -(: o) eat opptltl
dluct{on [Link],[Link] 4'}o,rd,re n tan 3^l mqmbac eotocdri Z lt<'luaubn aomplire(El,
on til,latdon 4ffd+cnt(ellr d'or4a'tn homogine oo,oct'ei i llll'ro.t,bn ,orh,Dl;h (E).
E te'nflt
a) I" - zl'* = e&r (E) ert unt E.D. d'otd,ue ? autc 2nd mcmbrt +tr'
ol

x" -lr' * x ;
0 t6t J'E. D. 4'ordt 2 6an{ 4tcond membnr, (ou hornogc- ae) alltct'<l;(E)'
0 Xt= tc*I <=> y'-l=
,g'(E) ettunt E. D. ldndaiit d'o',.d',* { awc 2^d,nernba,e et
.c'-u :o ect l'E.0. linr'adtr A'ordt* 1 6a^4 {ceon/ rnembrt aqaruil (g).
"
.

'
30 P+oprii[ei dit [Link]',reJrtiellca d'o]4te n ,arcc aeeond nnernbae
]-l Me'thoac Ptotu'1ue dr R<'tolutton oti J'E-tD.d'otJ',c. o*. 2nd ^embrt
0

(E) : F(oc, X,nl', n1",..., ?(nt)= f

a) gn ,uirout 4'qbwd l'dlrrotion d,t'ffdnntiollc. lano-?ndmtmb,re qalucdri,i (el
c.i a 1q'^ )'oawA lo ool,.tion Etnlrqle bir, l'.'qratton oa,ro t^J membn,
.cherehe

D p*to ,0r\ ,ohetche )a tolutdOn [Link]'tilc y, ac l'e'qq..tior, aornp*'bc (E).

Ceitc aeohetchc.S,eut ot fai''/..; !h1ac
*:'i:';'::i
.:1

. d'[Link] , ru i. adCo..t alec

. lo- -{thod. dr +a',tatrion l.a E,l 4u lle t'.drc otl
ko E.D. du znd o.4,rt
1tre nott4 cnUUlagenonc ultelccu'utvnqnf,:.
La dolutt(o^ 7..lr'.i*ol. ? de l'qu*tion fo,.plirt (E) cot 'd= Vq*Xe
c.;d ln romle dt la ml*tdgn [Link], a< l'lqytion Aaoo ina-r^bn 1e
'ot dtunr oolution partr'culdi,'ur X7 .1, J'c'1.4obr'on c,

f"f . Thdorr,crne de {ttgcrpocr,tuon dca rol0(brrol!!

( t'a2tt d,c Re chetcher unt tolutt'on [Link],'ite yr 4, J'E D. d'ordrc n d<loforn
(i): 'ilrr, nl, X',,u,,, ,,.', ,cro) 'r f + 7+'h , '

charchc rnt rolutian panticulii'tt

a) On charche panticuli$rt ?A 7p. 4.
ae J'[Link];on
J'J Ft\'Nt _5',X",,,,,U9={l
b) ,qn pfterohr rrne rol...bt on p<'iicali'i*l- 3r, il"ton F(t,1,fr',X1...,2t"))
3p, d' II'iyoton F(t, fi t fl', rt,t,, ,.,rtn)) <z Q, ty

c) st on .che,rcht une rol,rruon ;'artdettliitq VPra, J'.1*otcun F(i,g,6t,ttrt1',"',U'"t) =h,

Alott une 4ol,rtdon part(culCi,rc dr l'Jq,rab(on co-ptift
(E) tlt

?rt tp,* ttrtr* lUP3

 /A\ . .:
l.*
@) d,* P'rerncer, o'uda^e
EOuationc Diffe'tentiel&l
3 t'dluctdon dt la forrne p(rer r1r !'):u <* 'J'= f (x,y^l
, e4l L .l'dquotdon liffinntdella "[u ,te(, orlt,c(oan1 2^d rncrn b,r,9 )
i ,trt
,-
,trcinx
=
p ,

o r.'dlutot,ton F(t, 'lot't'\ = { r, d

ecp l'd11ctto n ,tff : ^_t;';l' 4,{ l'r tdrt artcc 1,\d membre
{ttr'* ,rl : co{ [
xxemp{c." .,Zl+,r? i e,.l'. .
a

, , '. ' '. ....1 , .,!

':{ 'i

Prdhdi;;qde riP;. 47dTr;itin4 bifft"..;;[Link]' iq'{r;r*ryt

E luottoyr{ 4u t)pf ,i , 1l.e. f
(r)
0
,

Ecee rnp{e :f' Intgg,te,r, ou RJ{uuolte ou '0Jte'[Link] i*cr l);.rrte'g.,a[l. Slnl^h *

!., ,t'tliotdoii ctigic re-ntie0lc, - Y! z'"lnx' ' : '.

lo [Link] J'dl"atdon otrif$Jrtnt;eile . rntCgron a <lgo.r-1n! anr f,.a lu 2m<a.b.,td,c

U"" 7':lnr €+ *=.1,.r <-+ Iai=It:"4, ,i..
l't?rct''on'

o.l a I: I lnx ax
Intelg"on< par .pattt{<l En

Iu=
l"l ==> olu --
't olrtg drc ,:+ ,rl:
bonc ,li *lix i 1:l,i'
D'oi r, : xlnr - *{ ,x ,Jonitanti ,r'.11. [Link]';t+ii,ic(ou eonctante d'r'ndgror;0,
!..

1' Ddtc'umfnont lq aol,rtdon partdcqlrlire ?,a ,{'annurr c^ {

"clertli trrolutrbn du [Link]

ig61:r 'r,(.t); rlrir:,t*K -. -t+K ,1dt Cauchy aur .Falturl (out
Por{ r drlo co nd,itd0n4 ) d nit,a te,l
Donc -.1+K=o @K=t' ({, o) .
D'ri lq, tot trrn pirtt'culi:c:n q,ri ahnnu le enl ett : {: Itnrrr+l
,rt'./
Exe * p{. Ret r.^drq y, +
=
(r ,,L* )' 1
9n o' -.L tt= 2xl+l
+
l" ef( a ,l ^*" I +=
{
)1 'xL "r*
d'= *r
r4:
o +' t + c t
t,t!+t I
R e marg u.
. RJa oudte ,D< p-blc'wre l. Oauehy icrux releuro rnutiq&o (to1!o)e Uo:y(rc
*l:;;:;':[t::;5;t'"''''
c'err .rccherchrr, l* toj,iun [Link];J
t.
Jit
rrtrrf iant otctt conddtiona inituqlet 4u pro bliynt .
|
I, .*pra.!o p, lt
o.(
proble'mr.
 (,
P,ropt(itd' drl oliffitenttillc< Jogqtith"'Iq'^ec
t Deur f onottono cyant 'ta
rnitt 4tfgdnl6t*llc {ogetfthrniluc {orot ptoport,'onrulh
c.; 4 Alo'rt
oi d1
o[x (:=+ /^[t6; :n{rrlxf + c
I t.. (*; uS;tA*,', leRr'
+
da nrnt,'cllt lo ithmi de q. cae dl"

ctt la a jfrircntdsllr l"garithrnilur dt

,*; 'cat aUnlrtTrJ , +:?'r,t, l'r,
-%
)ogaeithwilue a.; i
r+x
4*
.t
eat lq u+{irenticllc r-rlca, dlt^(h)J-'11,-r"i*li
zfr.
-:c

1utc,ttont dflgdtt*tiell.o au 1!'0.4n.

E :i apPaf f{ fun x ct g)
L'r'luotron- 4tg$d1tntde,& d. lc.,form3
i'.rt
?'f(1): Trxl €' ftrl)dX: fz)Ax rle* ddtc a uatiabr(a 4Qaa.fte4d,nxttg
r C'ot .donc une ttla.t(on &no lr1,r.{lc ?ouo lcf tttme< en a, att:f- 4cno t44 twmhtr,,
of touo ltt be'rme{ on rj 4ant l [Link] .
q*lf"[Link] I",tc'g,"ct. l'd1u*t;on [Link],"t;<{lc
0na: ai,= -i;1 drl
La \e,olwtr'on 4,[Link] e'gqafion
[Link] l^t; -lfua* o). u-a5i o.bF4'ad?o..io
<. fait en
aigfe'renhil

d1'dg.?i"t oJ'po'",r,enh rta I rnrm6n<

Drnc oJ : - Aretqn cc {"C , C€ R ' dt .{ t?r^aFn'on .
,

0 Eguattiont 4iffdrentdcl&t dtr r.{'0r4r.i i yqdq6,,te.{ ndne,,ahlfr (en rct

. 0, c6,el{. El,r,atdon d,{{firrntfcllr 'i +aucblca ac'pacabLo toutc iyotionolehfin

fi (4'?,, ty) lr + {r(i) XrUi d'l = orG+ ffi a1 : - !!:)' dx., xt(',)d(r)*
Ej. biff. i ,tanablto aiTorrlca

r fotetc 9. Ditt. i nrctrabl,co {iparablro ,{e rRmi^e } u,.,r E1. Dr'ff.i +qrfou,ro al,porr!r<.
n:l@
,';@'r'[Link]"on A;(sire tue{& : 'r'-'l * k[ =0 (E) \
o,,o: ?'-(,:i) u,:* (r'i)A *.
?^,,t-:,\',-k)u::.,,
en atpoyrent v
[Link] ({= I(r-+) a,
l<C
a ** 2
t+*
c x*-7 Q l,t= "",e*-a
,[Link] ,^lr, * ,"1-*,. e> l'11 : e" ' t;la "'. "onL
= co" ece n!'cfl-ece,*f-
Dcnc y= K e*** r,K=ieCelR*
Vr .6 :o' elt trne aol'atdon d''rrdtnhe & (E)

D,ri l=Ket+*1,* y; Kqx**,,-eR :

t4=o J

'-.""-r:--^l- *n tr,
*' K€rn'
^',)njro,
)onc f'[Link]*3l"itolc<of, ul: Ke K€tR '
1o Rq{oudte ,lL utrt- ca<x - {rnx:o ( Eq' Digf. a ,tqiablca ad p"*Lol
0n e: Y" ol' = gotr + tlnx G+2
lf az =.|(rotx + adnr )d.r
Donc
f_
3
Ct,nr -C04)g + C

s rit 3(ct'nx -coor) +K t

K= 5C 6lR.
'd3 =

'1' , i 1tq91q1 ,-{'"juot ion, (E) ,c

.4ifgeh",t*{:lr :
* ",t= o '( dt +0 r

.Iulll- -)z
4+ =

c'aa tnlll : lnf +c c+ ltl

lrl =
e
lx,l
c
@ t,,r= liil* q:
4* ! L
c

[Link] w=+, K:t ec

0
r aoluton' d+rilrntc dt (E)' car +'(o)/3
1a ut
B' ,iK;01 s'
x
D:":.
f , K€R.
,, Y l. 'J.r

RemqTgrae I d'l -lf e"x= K

,l
(a' op,ir, 'Io'.p,op.i,lt $aro {iScnt'tl
,T: ,-
=
r K€"R"
1"5a,. r'[Link]{ .
)
4' Rc'([Link]'iluatdon br'ffennttellr .. det a i-q
--C-- C
grra dl - l-t! 4a
--L
t+x =

E_ ."
l*,

rhdodmr tun {q Rdcoltrtcon dta Equatdor,o i n'4,n'io,bl.a aipnlt on 4iy,,"ableo

'ae' [Link] ), la
-- $orme i ud'=t0(x) Ll F>' *=i or"f dx, Q fonctr'oT

llq tolqtton gdr,."r,ql. 4e I'e'1,rotron ddf$i+entri{lc :

Y' tfl(x)X: o,€i'X'=,' e(,0U <==r - o(xl e #= +=,0(x)drc+lntgl=f,otl
est
1= ' {:,t,[; *; =u ecr rolur ;r. al,r!{.i,,ir,o!. yt+au)x= o.
" 'J:nt.'.'.
fi*ernple. {I=ft'ax i lntTl :-tinxe6{+ V=a;tiar,ari*.
4- '' o '
,'gilJ,-u.J.*eul,rJ
d;ffiCnJ,ol. a. I't!uat ion di([Link] :
!'r o!;o <=+ X'= -dtl @> -X-'= -o €t *. =,-adx , oi aeatunecondtaate

(rr.. Ll= ras-Jadx ; K!"*, Ke

'R.?.
Remarluts r-*
dluatront 4rffJrrntrelfil i.*anrabrrr cipo..il
ou <[Link]<< 40.* e$
 E0uottons D{fetT,entte{{eo r-rneqr'trs 4,, p,[Link],
,t.d,,"e (( E.D. L. D. p.0))
untaE'
o D' L,'D' p' 0> en x.! x ert gne,Jquatron diffrhnfrer/r [Link] 1
q (cc)
X, @) + h(r) 7(ri = f(r) (E)
,lt *o eot une fon"tdor, ngn nuy'l<
1a(r) ,
b(x) . utne fonctu'onr
{
I
tlno
$y , *
fonclo'orr [Link].
\l',l^ , dl d.",.[Link] X'crl.=,
f uthe fonctjo.. donne'e . '

l'Jguatron a(x) rr'tr) + b(r)

7(:r) : o
ett l'*luatron tcanl .€cohol mew(bre
ol<uuel a-' l!luotion aomplt'te (E).
lou ho6sgt'qe
----'.r-
Etern plr
_*rr
lo ,'+
:,, ,,;'1 "; ;r. i "1,:T.:T,il'.i " 9. 1^,':S. 'tl-lqrroti.o'n 1hg*rgglg rurogrtl ,i, , '* ,Z= 0
l' 'l' -
rlarnz( : tinlt dont fil,retts4 homoge-r,, oooo.,.ni
"0, ,,*rornr= o

H - vttkttehtlclte Jtn(.r',1,( 4u.

1t,- ord,* o' Cogff,.ot! C.i
donr )ttt;d* au ^t< Co^ayA^A
,[:^:;:;lPL, "'9i'*< l"onoit'*'T n,,[Link] drpr h: ;:r],?l'
I rt UnecF, D. L. b. p.0,
'n:o'':':' r'' 0'4'C'C')) {rt,,.,
4.c.c.t)) ttt rn'? ar-.. ^*,_ d,. lq
€.1ua[ion r
I :q, formc
I !'cr) a b?(r) = f(r) , a,
. 9tt q * D tlt ure conctqnbe ,olll. io,n hql,c,
utne b ttnr con:taa[a nitl,
i. , -tl fo nctt'rn [Link]{e r dr -'-:.
a.,rri,"el
,

f une fonc[r'on 4nr,,r..l . .-

,trttx1
= *1 ,.ri

r.' e'1uot1qrl tan$ 6ccond mevnbrrc q.a4ocie{

.i J'e9,t"fion' 2emp6'[t (E) gt
.1'tt) + b rX (x) o €>
= ,?,1(r)
- -* ++ d'! -[Link]
q [Link]
I
tiprrlt
Erempla ,o ,l' - g,l = ,tl+l
'l =
T- = q e^xLtuo
,: t{i +Rr:e(t) x-:*,l-2a*_ ke-bo
dn,
A mticotion en dl<ctttcr,'tt'
t"eluatiot ltr
1'fL:"lt:'l'-l'ijlut
4i-'+Y.\r
dq ordr.e d coeffict'enr-a aonahanlc en t ett
Rr - c(t)
pome[
{t-
-?I-
L
=
,:, *:,:.minc. ,0'dnr.n+,'te' du cou"a,\t r'
guri ,414,
,cu rcuit ele
- ' t ; ;;;
ci",'1*. ro*r.. ;*-:j;
--- ""i'i(,( J:' ;"
_Lt,?:l;;:I
't , t{he rnd(g[qnc€ L, l:
,--*- - L .
4 *'*r forcq d&ctto.r,nottrce q(t) fc,,'r t. '
a0U YY\t4
"lJpend,anF "{u
Reoolution det cE. D. L. p.
D. o )) st ($.D. L. 0. P.0. A.c.e.>>
Reou {tat

, Ll lolut(on ?dnJrqJ" Je lr!,retion cohplJte eoh

"c.
i.a la tomvnt 'dt l:"l t g"nirel.
N= IX*,lr
:l"l l^
+[ ol' trnl lo lu tio n 'parficul,'r'r. !., 1"..l r,."a seq,a 2^d
\:i'"\^ot;ol
1 !
' nembn q<< [Link] l
?p d. ,rr;i..
'n(
 ar't i ir,,..-'n',, .; .- i.,, .i
_

Mdthode Prat;qqe
lo 0n ehtrche d'qbord lo( tolution 7jrrJ"ol. Vg 4" I'e'1uot'on can{ 2nd memb\e:h';.V:!r,
to pu( r 0 r^ cherche la {uluts0n pont,.c*l,tifi Vp d. 1'c'quo[r;o'. compJe'tr
. Ceitt ruecherche dt l. [Link],on prDiculriat pruE 4e fai+ett,t :
20.1) Aw<
.1" Mt'thod,. 4c rratration & Ja conetanfe oq t4l,thoa,< a< L /+6R4NCF
C'tlt une -ithod. [Link] Chercher Ja (ol,rbtbn partdcalrire 4c
1,ri eonlille a'

atdon complitr 6ou4 la'go.^. .

I'.el1u 2tx)Y(:t) qrrec I
U = foncfion Aii,nblcatx
Q.O U" pte alot.l V. : 2 (rtl f(t)

&u" eale,^lt <q aJr,,reJ ,l'

c)o un Tpo*. ,, *,rl' d;rnr J'.'quot,oncirrplih 1uc ,l'on rclrut pour
obtcnir a'(rt)&, . Ibn irntig". pour trou txr i fu)
d)r f ngrr, 0n revnface .la ,raleur de 2(r)b@urte cr,( c) &nc llcxprrsrion y.: Ztt)g6
B!mqrqqc . 0n trtr,l ilt octte-Jtho4. gon, Lo"E DLDp0 4cNc"cil.o'E DliPohee*.
f-') ow i l'o,d. [Link] qrtucrc 1ur dau &c ca< lu
ylra eourantql f{rmedtnt
otr phcrcher ttnc rolutdon part,culii". ,60 4u
^t^, tY P< 1o{e - ''la fonct'on ,
$ apparer'a<ant atr 2^d me [Link] .,lc )'r',\uatrcn complc-te G); EDLDP0ACC .
Adnrr

3l f(rc) : conrtqnte C = K, conltantt

i dJferrr,r'ner

f (t) : Polyrrtme': :'

S(t): Acoct^rx+Brrn(^)r txp

= Cr coo o'( + c, Sdn ar x
or/.
Aco{cox o,) er et q Sont &c con+tantr , )rltra
Sttt -- a\ d,dtermine r
0r{
T(:t) : Btdn <or
(A.t B conltantro rdtl.l donnrra)

ft,t): Aecs qwcd+-*' ?p =

c e'(('
(Aet 4 conafoqPo t"tll,o 'lonotL) oi"rg rrt unc conatqnt-( ..'rll. otdlt tnihcr

0u a{+ b.1z w .9r

: C,Jc eq
f(r) Ae V,p = ,I

o, bct A tonot'rnhra
oi e cot trne eo noLantt *Lrt.'; dJtr^i,,.
^r,r,7iHt.

E rt RJtruot.o &.r Jluaht onl Difgt'rentielLa

m. [Link]

to It6'*?: c,otx ( E) (f1. Uig6. r.i"'larr€ 4,1 1<( wda,qCrlC qutc lnd**-b.,)
a Re'rol,rtr'0n de {'e'1*ation homogine q446c,r'eI a'(E) : x1'+5 = o
snq: ,1,= -x ++ t,, e"l+r.J*dr e) ),l,tl= A^lil*t
#= -$.
S , Xt rn
Donc I= ( ro{.,.rr'o.7;nSra,tr."lt l'dyatron fionnoginr a1<ocile),
b) Rechctghe rcl,'un€ to{wtuon F"trcutti",..7O coq. lq fotme ,lp= @
gsehgiche la constqnt( K orreclo ctc tarral;or,
#,
0u d,e -dbhode. aiJo conctofi

0n
v'!a. q: K(*) .. q,- rcK'A)-t((f,)= *l!*) - .KlP
d- -1g t 4 g1 ,C tr
Aincr (r) <=+ ,c t# - #]. + :,co{a
,c e:> K (1) : I co<xd't' : "{wt x +) '
TeR '

14 k(r): l[nzc+ar 2€R i -

(E) q<t * * $
Donc lo tolutton 2.r,dr,ole d. l'iluatton 1= ry = 'aeR

zo ,l' - €
I = :c1+ I (E) ('f ur. DP0 ,4cc auec 2il ^cmb*) '
a Che,uohonc ln toltr,tt,on 2endral. de ltquatdon 4qn{ 2^d me-bee a44ociel;G)

,l'-c? = 0 F> t= €2,* JL= € e I+= lcat e lnl,1l:cz+c,

Donc tL= Ke6r, K€R.
[Link] ,"r,. .ol,rtron parttculiite
couo lc forrne rp= attl+ br tc
0nq tdp= alct+bx+C *.\r^='^ill-;
r((+4
Aitt tf)<=+ zqt'+ U - 6(qx2+ux*e) =(u-ec):rcl+l
G+ -eaxl+ (zo-eb)x+
Pqr rd,entufrcatton 4+
l-,::;;= , IT =''!f,r,
I u-cc:'r .[ .= -'tgltot
Sott Ur: -**'-rx-ffi
t9

Jt* - ''?= x€ R'

'
D,oi ltq roluttunq de (E) ,;;; : ?: *.6t-1*r-

30 (xl+r)X'-,1 =1 (E) (EOe.DP0aerue art'cc |nd rnernb*)

. R{ro'lvttton otc l'r'quatr'on ho'nogine a<<oeuei i rr)'
0na (r'*r) Y'- ? = o (=+ (xl+ r) \'= Y (+ I+= I**d* <> l"l2l:Arcta^tic
qrctanr, xe tR
Donc ? : t< e .

)b- l.a coluttton qd;lraLd&(E\en utd{x a* la

4e
. Recherchc ^i,thod.e
Lagrange.
r(x)*
got'b €*'-u
arctan >C
K'(t).r e-arctanx * { +x- "arcfan:(
..t-
Ll
= x(t) :=+ 1'=

c) .o"tand * K (?() cootanrl _ K(d) [Link]*^"_- r

(F ) (*, * l'l
[*'tr; 1+x.z J
-arctqnz
r(x)
(+ (x2+r) K'(x) qarcran'( = i €=+ K = J-
r'+l
(+ K(r): -fit; -arct4nrt4*
-ti,oi:-;.*l
K(x): - P-@rclano * 2
arcta n x
l, 9.',,J^ le A<(E) e rr
D'oi col,^ tu or, I: 2e -1,l€R.
40 \' = r+ tx (f') <+ r,trt- r1z * (E)
I
\gUf DP04CC awe 2ndyrnembte
r E lrratt'o n hom09; ng q{{0cd,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,e1

(dt
\: o e> 1'= y .G,
,l' - ,T = lar e l"lutrl = x*c

srit yf K.t, Ke R '

)a forme = az(+L .

Dna \?'=A
(E)++ -az'+q-b:x e+ { a-b:o
l-a= I + IT;;
Donc tlp= -t-l .

Donc l';",te'gral* 1i"inl" Ac (E) ert = t<rt-x-l t KeR,

50 *L (E) (gOrDPt) 4c NC lrvec 1'4 'nen'bn)
c -,,o = ---;
i-qt
V'l*t-
. Re'{olutuon d. )'c'1.,tatr'on homogine dq4aeiel z

Wx?,= ttr<+
I+= l*o* a )nlll : lnlxl+)
Srit tl= C'r ) C€lP.
;

c Reeherche as,.tLa,,(olubuon qi"ir-",k"i1teii1\ <oua )q foem< 1r= *' CQ)

"-
0" Xp r. c(t) * Xi =
= c(t)+ t ct1xl
" o c'1*l=
Atnaf(r)o* r[.t*)+acc'tr;l-a(c(1)=
' /t "' :
Vl+r' k
bonc c(*) : lft;;ro' = ArXshx+l(
Ftnrolcmt",t .l'dntigral,
[Link], 4e(E) eat ,tr= VrXsh* + K) f '
K€ R"

60 Sot,f l'iauatdon 2xt+26 = 6 (E)

ne!ouanl lill*atio", (E) <.t ,tdterminer )a <olutton }a*iculiirc g klh lue
f (o) = T .

Re'{o{utuovr de (E)
. oioolrttin dc ,ltt'1u(atLon ho'ho9'he-a'{40otee '

,t*r=DG+ x'=-*xe#=-+e I+= -*l^o@lnlrl:=f .-4'--'l--g,

+

-t
sodb
\= cAT <ow lo
I
al ), f,p =o
r Re cherci" a2 [&jfr[e{olq tt'o n rtfculietr.
(E) <=+ A= 6 ' Arnri z(P:6
-!2+
,c (t) : ee
6' 1- ,(: x?t rP
de (E) e ob
;r;. ia aoj,{tton XJ"*'*l' r.{? f{o)= +.
D e' [e r*i n U- &_l9lY!] 9r
o
.Ticulue're f te lle
Posont $(t)= ce2 + e

Sna $(o): c+( I e+ c+ (: ? Q e= |

f(o): + I

bone -!
fCt) : q,2+ 6
't 6 F91,a!ign$ Diffe'"ent,elleo ,Dq {!lor{?. uo,.r,ori,.,qo (el l'"t y)
o Une rg*[Link] d,rggetenttell. d,4 {"'old,rq:'* F(rc, X,tl'):0 i=* X''= 9(*,y)
ert d,;tc $Homogine €^ x et tr' ct ++,^l.-.nt rl :
X
l'' )'c'1u ation F({, y, X') : 0 {lt rnuarrlAnfe ( l.c ae ehar?e *.o) lo'v"lr,olrem placr
,: .pcr A* ot utr ga," )U , oi A e R{+ . i
'ott de
fagon el1.^[Link]

cuQcf(^x,2,x)=f(r,7),'[Link]'(n1f3n"tffi
L
.ou €ncott "" ., . -
3o .fl.
t
f*t ;i'.*lno"ionuo la forrrnc Y( ol"' fl t ;::rljJ;*Iffiff::t;l
EII$IQ .L'e'qu.o,tton ourfanft eot ho,tn,9in< co,r
,=#--.,;:;:;;;:";J=;;..;:ii1,=yr-?)a.,ec.f(r,,7):#,,r
Ft on a ya).;', g( a*.)n1t 1l?-(orl';.ii# ; -.r1* i,r"'= g\::;) .
j ; ..
= lx!l'.
(xt) ,".r (
ar) .
:

Methodr 0o 0n .[Link] . [Link],{te dr J'r'q, attbn clr'6fc'[Link]..

f 0" for( X= wrr iF=) '\L = + , oil t{ eotuvrc fgncttbn dt'tt+1-Ulc ar x
l'Awe rr= nl ; y'=-{ux)'+ i-'=',t',t+4 swt *: *ff*"
,o 0n reportc l.a €Xpr1a116rl4 t I ! =,q* (,)

;'r
danrl l' e'1,^at. on ddf,i*cntti?lii' tnt'tnalc
0n obtier"t- ol,crt ..it.,1,1u1,t'i" .4iggiit*tt'elle i 'rar"ablra
nt'3o,-*',o c,r x et tt(llhco-'a

re'aouhJplur trouur r u l'o.n ,tyor+, d,ano(a) 2: &tC pout tt'o*rrev 7 '

1o. l'0r,, lZt qul rbrouuee da'u ?=LI'
Remqrlue I p;;t trouuct,'adcn'gonetf9n4r rr' lrfrnonnrporfc f1uelrrrJa

coord,onnr{A. [Link] o.; a pcu,rrent tln. tdaolqcat cn [Link] {46 coordonn<laprla"o

atcc ?t: t!
' d,0

Nqtutt 4. t'lqu"tirn Dief.'T+tt'e&

a ; (E) <=> "l'z -YL + zx! (i,
-0n zxL
'Poronq
tr(x, I\= -y#L
ona f(Ar, atr), t^,i'f:fi;lrlr)- = _ .u? [Link] :.f(x,1), v,a>0.
r. (Ax)o ## Lx,

Donc (E) [Link] Equatton bigtrc'nntrtllc homogin{' '

Fioo{,a!ion
[. u:
+
Po 6o na t6
= urc =+
: rdu+udr lnt 9=xdu*u
t.x'= u'r * u++ d1
dt dt
 tr
(ut)e * rx("i
(Er) 4trrt141, u'x +, - * t{/x +u - uej ru cp 4,1 41 *:-s(.= r.
LxL llz-.t
G=) -Lu !lnlxt'+c(-r\ u=J2 ,
= .lnlxl+€
snf {: -'L orr bicn , ttrat = ,[$uo*r, /,,lrl= +a<+ )ntd:**k
{nfrtf +c $
D'oi -rt .. rrdt Irc: c0,i q i_
= ur.
uf g 5olutrbn<oqa

, I";; = ruo-i
{nlrl+o *i';[','J,rro.
{
2o x1'-y = ,fW , (x2o)
Nattrtt dc l'i'1uoh'on D;pgJrinh'ellc
. tT
*^'l* U" ( E)
= ,tr'+ lW
0n a r.1, 1
&
porono f(rr!): 'x,l l*z+f. ...j: ri.
lr,^r,^f :
. onq Yt>-o,
.--'r'I
"C1trt
i 'qvitE:@ =
t:-"':r 4"':.." lt ry f (,r,1)

Do'ni unt r'[Link] aipfl'*"r.'.

dipflrrnhi U. hor,,, g t'n c

danr (F).

*u'= /,F

totlt cen!
I

3o Eremple illwct',.ant lta techniluel caloulabrwreo en coot'4o''t"eft Po [Link]

utulr{ant lro Coordo.^*lo polcirro, n,'ooudtc Jtt'gu^tdor, '. ,l'U-U)

o En
=
x+y (E)
o) Porolj,rc= fcoc0 *, [r] = -f tinCdg + c0.|df 1et
tS) [t: f sino ] a'l = f, co{ 0d0 + a;ne d? (2)
u) Ddr,rvninonar l r:=- 1] i::,f**j;i*ljurr= tffi$))rL#
)r r'f txtnF:
lctll?: f '<inl co,s+f$ine]c+ (cote'sine)(gcoo+g'sins)= i
$,ng *[Link] , -
Ifcone -fsinel= [ f ,: icot0 +rr.n0)(-fsinB+9to0)
gg f (coot3+rinrr-)'f'(c'oo'g+1'nrg)<'+ f , ?: e #=f & f='r
# .: f= Cte, CeR
C) E,n rerrtnqnf q{x +q.,ableo a 7 daaa (i), on "o ainri p,.,o^l'ti' lec<ofutth*
gt
d (El. Ellra aont otefrndta par , : c.scoc0
l*(0): gcol0
{ t(e) I f sino = ceo s;^t ' c€R '
E q [Link],ons dt't,qmenant ,-
i une tquatt0n homoqenC

Bn appell. ctluatton ae tarr,r?nant i utr,e <'guatuon homogirre, boute

Jlu,otrion [Link] d.e fo formo i ,

Gr+b1+e
d- , 0;.1'un ou mqlnc deo+qfla C, ct C ett r,or. nul..
4, r(+ b11+c, , !'rh'aq rno-dnq a.o rrtl< artqroFnon nil,
Er.-i{.

Re'aolwtton d.o dr,r.t*r,o_ d;tf",r,[Link] ior*t ,i l

(E) ,'Ex?'rtplr ,X': i+
qf b? +9 11-J
lo ,1,= +
qf{+[Link],+cl x-l+{
at
I dx+bu*'c, \
\o ,l'= f l----#l lx+q
t arx +bt1+ci / .
ere *ph Y, ; ('* z)' -- \
I
, -,.:-1t-)-
o* + ou1*l' ,

Prat, que
Uj_ithodc t( 9
40 0n oolc,rl" l. otdtcrrni;ant D = lo,qr.. bl
U
I l(r cqc' sr, D + o

'''
-E

onpole fri [Link] .,]<+|Jq:x:h ol . i:Jar ='dt\ l* U-*L,

l;l
( ,l t
,,,-n"(l)
&oro oo"t
u:=x.-k,
conabqntrl *c lin adrrt-t"i'e'
[Link] d.x' [Link]
"i
b) Un upotte * : x, +h '
1
-f Aqna (E)
/ 1: V,
I *,"'t'3 *='i +- qh +,bh +?
:

(E) [Link] -t - ' 'dl'!bl'

olotrt, Vi
4t tt + btnlt. + ar h +b,, k + en
Gi
c) Un xlllcrrr,ine' lco conotqn[ra oe'ellto hrt te .' )\i ; ('.n
f oh
+ f k +t: o ?

o,h +\h+er:o
1".h +b,h+e;:o xr r r-h
or, * b7t
4) (Er) dr'r(cnt alo+c 'lr' = b1{l
1q€ I{ 'ot,
0n ani! [Link],,tdte .
- ol X1 +
unc E1. DiPf' ho'no3iru I

c) E'nfin on rapotti Lo 'r"clt*i x-h Jono la 'oolution brott"ri a)'

" l;l
=
='l--?
^'
2{caA: 3i D:o
So D: o [Link] q1+ bX st 1t x + bl ? lsnt po [Link]'tnnelg+o <=='> qx + b 1 = A$'x+\b)rnt
a) 0n pore alord )Z= ctx + by * /z q+brlt* ,l'
=+
(u*o)
{ avte Z ct ,tr fonottonc &*
\
b) '0n nepo'tt lZ: ax+bt1 dant (E)
t.a'=+ ' ll'^ Q^
aiparabltl nA z<t x otrt l'o'" 'qait t1-so'^*
I

. 0n obticnt &lo+q une Eq*4|r!on q *.iablat ' 't 1'

la ttol^+tion t-un'l *^ b)'
c) En $J rr o n ru po rt " lo 'tqlqfifr k z: axtbrl el.n4,
E remp{. : In tlg*, lco /guatto no diffJrcnf,eflra auirmntea

, 4o'' 7-ry
1.t- x+7 -3 ?*.,=# (,E )

6 Cc,lcul d{ *dtq,rmincnl : b:lrt,l=-z*o

ll -,l I

'::'jtl{X=il:-ff,i'*
rt
*;
-3
')a x'= ' R'e't'^4t\;*dqnc(E)
+ .c, +h + k
= '1"
q i
(E) d"vtltnt , Vr' (.Er)
= xt -nlt + h'k *t
.

q DJt"r-,-^4 h "t l, .
onq: -' {i==', '
[t --t aono (S)el (Er)
ll:f;;;: Reporhon4
I n=:
(S) a,xent I *= r, +l e> !r, z x-t
l1= y,,,+2 l3t= t1-2
d) (E,) &*er* oloto Xr'
DiffJrcntrclle ho-oqe'nr c,r x, "ly1 .
=
ffi(rr1El.
Pornq uq :r, l:u= L z 13
, I
[X, =
u:.c
I fonctdsno
yrdtl
ltdl
I z;, =i'*: ,'l;' ' :

,i

&-
E1) .4tvrtnt.; i- ut't,tl &t1,
flt;
l-u
v\ Z '.&-"
du :
t+ul , ,.': ' ,211 ..

(r au -{[{'au j
I r+ul *,J j l+u1
t4-2
c-i d Arotqn u - a l" (r+ qr) =" xt: x-f , 4--
x-r
el b'oi
lnlx.-,l1 t c a
{

10

o)
b)
Eq. i tanledto.
' Aiy,.rr'ra <ar&,

c.i e. +. " .lnlse+el : '(+e avec z= 2r'-?

#

a'(r) nl'
= *. D
= l: l.i = '
Poront Zz x+1 =+, z' = q r i' &'.7'= zl-t .(E) *n'tnl "le't zt- i : ztnzLt*z

c'ia
l* = i a, c+ *'ctan4.6,".r+ c
Do*c *._"1"" (x. I )-11 19 .
 E9uotionc 4e Betnout{r (rn rcr,t U)
@
Un. Jluatr'on ote Be,unoulln elt utnp altrettonl4r'ffc',rentdcll. o1'., lur $ormc
{*al$utr= b$lyP ( E) .oLr. A(x) rtrt * S(r)t6 : C(r) 1P , Alr)*o (E)
t,q +e'
oui,rpe rx{-{r} a > lPl,D2 t = #, ,rP, at') +o
ffi
-a
'2
,
l+ +
lp. 0{
,€ 0,,1

ni t nu(r{4 dtt,c d"[Link]

r(ffonIn ccttt:tOn4 tc0)ntel
l'.*'rt
kl niv
(l( dto
r6 4. tor 'al*te,{4
con6t,
*ne fsnst, t,o r t nc,eonnu
on re ,'d
I
:
i
de de rdrreEQ '/,' =
vdr;
@= r,(E) ott unc Jl,.tetdon lirrc'a*e
Eremp{e : ro .1 -r 2t = 2x
ttrt ( p:l) l' *1' *'! , fl3 (p: 3)

Rerolution d. l'iluotCondc Betnou'{r' : Me'tho d< Pcatilwe

f' gn cl e,rchc ltl t0luttionl non ddenttlt'remtnt "ulLo
' (r-P) x'' x'Jtg r (r-t') f'
-
sn go5ant
' 1,r'='ff'=";;:; -, ,*)'(t{*';gnt
=
l'ig'ri} *
1., "r'ir,", d,rt fonctdonr d,e rc '= 't''? eo'
)
Stlt [rZ= fu = 7'-P
1..,='(,_r, z-?x * = Eld *
t'n1.0n rnultipl;e I'c'1*otdot' [E) Par (l-f)
i-P , '

u_o &n( llluatton obtenuc opo'o a,r,ir multiTl"<'

i. * or. tubttutusJ.=
'1 : X'-,
. .'=(t - ?) {? ,-. (E | 7o, ('r-n) ?-P

o). 0n obtdcnt alotl qnr 1u, ia. rrAq.c par rr4lfort (ou <n) zctr.
"[Link]*!tc",,ioin.
1,^{ J'6r\ loot .Jro,^4",e

30 Enfdn on (mplact Z 7ae {'f danl lo aol,lfdo n tro n*[ ou 2o c) '

ErrmpL R&oudte l'*'1,retion 4dg/nenticllt : - ,X' = f x X'

(f) Ic' P:2.
N
. 0n a: (E) ++ Y'' * 2[L , ?=2 -'
*: -Y**'
=
oPocon,{ z=fu c.i4 ,=*=\-t :) zi'{"l' ar'r

r uultrpt,o,,o (e)fo,.. -t-ffi -.,-'(-r?')

sr,t - r4-l q' +y''x-E- = 2 x :-q.I:rI[{
--t-i ( Er) (aq. otrf . LrnJairc a'u |a' c'd"a
{n z $
Dunc T1" = i I -i r"l*=4+
o) Rdaolrtron dr f'.in*;6n 4a^it l^d mtrnbrt j ''* tr s o 4=*
lnlal tlrl*lnt, s, ,=*
$) Recherc,he dtunr 4ol,,(tron yart'culiiw z <*qJ^ fu.^. q=# -'f'' +- #
(E.r)*o, F'crl-g(IL+{l-11.=& <r> gY =2 6 Rt(x\=2x
)c- tL xL ,C

<* = f:tdt = xL+c arih K(t)= 'tlnc'

K(rt)
Donc Z= x'L+C. z-L
4rtc A-
,c I
bU J- , *** (=> u?n' :
xL+c
.
Donc !: fu
(, E0ttottonr ae Riecoti @
Une dluatton de Rrccatr' cct ttnr dquatr'on ddfgcaenttcllc d< lo fotmc
, ul,i a(r) U: + b(r) 7 + c(r) ( E)
oil. o,,bctc oont "trc fonctt'o n{ ContinqQo otc X do nncl<
une fon c[don rrr(onnur] de:e, a..;[Link] 1=
t.' du
t. t2 fr.
!

Evernp{r ,l'= - ?& *

*l - b
Me lhode prottque dc Rrilol,rtroh d,t tn@
lo .'0r, lEherchr d"[Link] tolutttn pa,trieulr.'.,rr 7p'
Tril {oattnt, lo l0lutton particclda-re el} 4onnel po" !'iv,onri '
eo,0ngole Id= ,+'le € Z=X-N;p
I et r fonciiona 1.,x.
nntc X
0n dJtruc lo ,relatr'on
T=
z+ X? ?q. q1r7o.t ,i r.
!:.+?ri =+ Y': z'*?{
:

0n rcporte ''i
I = z*lh * ,1,'r'r'* yi dano (.f 1
Et (E) te,[Link].e dlucrt,irn 4e Bernou{Ir.,cn z ct *t,
.,, n, i uor,dl.i $qr.'ablro niTorrl<. AasQ 2\4 w.€n[rr -. (i$ oera14
f
1r .. I cq z a.t x aq^4 lc' ferrnq cn z.).
1*c ,1 on aodt ariAn da, :

: rntdgrql l'(r d1'tatdono 4igfdrentuellco':

,lo ,f = nlt - Lxtl t xl+, (E)cqghqwtlue Z = rc of tolqtjon particutrr'rc
partr'cul9i"e W= *
Solutdon
") porond 1= z+ Xp a z+ L
b) * z-o = t4-X
{: 1,==rr;1,
q (E) drnrtent en rtport<nt Z = '1- r 1 1t= Zt+t ,t ';,: 7+x '
{'+ r = (zn x)'- rx (rtt) + x'r+f
c,i a a/ = zL n., 44 = zL <=> = fllL.
(e.a.v.5..a,,0 2ndm<m6,e
I#
5u(b -1.:r+c
z
:r=#
Donc T-x; * 1=*+t
d'- :L-x+c
Dt o't' u +,1

zo y'= -.1g+ *Z-?" (E)

tachant elh une colqtrbn yarticulii+e
1*e U= *
Sclution particqliir€
?e =+
Porono *!,t=
[:18+l X-*.
'h l' ?'=11' - b
(E) e=> *,- (u, +) -b
i = - (u" t)r* t (en
"[Link] 7
*.g'ao*G\)
1r/= -lta-Y
 *, : -1lJ (ei'),
ltr't LI '+ E1' Jr Berno ullr' en e cr x' r ar,:e p=z

Rdcolutr.'on d. (eJ ;

7=-!--:- arct Z: t-t :+ lt-2tl

Poton4
$P't t =t'r ='= -
Iult pliou (Er) par - fL
0n a,: - f -'rl'r jd = { 4r€ c z: u-{ ct Z/= - ,-2 *'
!q. *i$dt.$i.l|t .liniqr'tt $a 't{'orc,tci coefifi'nt'rf< norr cgr1sh'S{!
c.i a Z = r (eJ(Ei. ; +ariad,lri adTorr'i< o*, zd,zlbre enz*x).
x
Riloltrtron d,e l'ehuotdo r, 6q^4 2^d membre ..

,0na '-*:o 4=5 rl=.tr * ff =L6

x. &=df
z ,L'
1

c.,n'l l^trl = lnlt,l+cn

So,rt Z= K.f
DJtrrm(nono K (r.) awr l.r da vqriafron & /a eonatants
^dfhoe.
[Link] , z. i, ( (*) , t *r '' Z' = *. K'l*) + K(rt) :

(E ) '<=> x K'(r)'+ t<(()', x5(r) =':

x
6 t<'(r) = a
x
x ('t) = J* d,
ct X(x)': lnlxl+ x
Drn c, Z: K(()x:(: ( ( l" lrl+ A) o*, Z.= f,
D|,.:
': .L
1.' '*'({n ltl + .r) 4uec r : 'l x'
1l
q-
{t !-
5dr Lrl-0* L = x ( ln lxt+ .x) <==> = il'lrt+a)
Drd tx: +,L
.t
.
(ln lxl +
E0utqtronl de La?rqn nx a9
unr iluo,tdon dt Logrange ertunt dluattbn [Link]'renrdeile'dr lo
$orme

0u. dr l'tr') * ttr' , cli.d q cttun€ fonctdon donnel d.7' a;piJrrnrr a. llpi*ti,
rdentrlu e

.b ert une fonctuon donnel cll.nt1ntte d, Z'

,1 unr fonctign tnconnu< Jt N , 4r'otr'riwi y'=
o *dx. .

Ercemf'lt Xt/+ rtr

= .l'' €' ul= -*'l'n 1'2 €, U: 'x' x + ,l''
tcl !,il=-r'>-' b(2,r = y,2
E0uotrorrt dr Ctal,ror,t{t
Unr e'ltotitn d.e Clqr,toult art ur,rc Jlaotiin aifgJrq",tu'clle de la [Link]
Le
= tt y' + b(,r') ( E)
. C'<,lb I'[Link] d,t Lagrrnge dana lq q( ')=
"el&
- ;;'.-i"i
1.

.
[Link] "ai'
.:.
,l: q ( ?') x'f e 111 " CE)'
.l
,
+,1,'

[Link] pore ,!'i! t p*t{ .0n. .leporte 't aano,(E)

.gn ob[ient rcloto +ne ,rglato" (Er) dena la1,rell. ga,texpro"rnt en fonctd on 4c Pet*,
t,cit ,6 rtt .gonetlon d.< rc , e[ f foncttbn dt r .
2o.
gn [Link] l'otolit.'
o!"ht.'1f,)
,, po. .o1port i rc tout en .[Link]
,t Y'
y' pa-t '

gn obtdcnt atnlu' unQ ,relqtron cnttc ,,9C, t et ,t't' o,

:.1 lrte {'on tran4 $orvnQ
[Link]- ltndai* d,u l{rurd.,.r en
;A'|t'- =
tttl, D e,t t . 5r} (E) [Link],r
3o gn ,tJroqt I'dluottlivr tFr,) * llon"'tr,our."* .r, [Link],rrn de t c.o'-d t: g(t)
4o Finalernent (tu cn concl'r4aon),' ,0.0 tilutdono <o'.t dritr.,!< .<tr,a form, p*^ltu{
f *= f(t)
t U =f
(s, t) <-,[Link].o^ (E)

Exevnplt ' Ir,,tJ9,uet I'equafion [Link]: r!'* rl = ,'2(r) (E1. ar Lagraage).

. Poront ,N'=t'c.i'a ,*=r,
0n o: (E) <=+ t, = 1'" - XX'
+.> .,: t2-rct
srr,t t1: [r-rt (Et)
q eb I fonott'ono dt E
o bdrito nr I'igalcrd (Ea) pu.. 'a6'ont )' t ouec
'ttt/::xb'-'t <+ [rt -x) t' = zt
,!, *;, -b -rt' 45 i ;
=
s*i Ft - *) at <+ kt-*) <l't : lh dx * {t -x = zu S
*.
c.i a
RirsJ*t-t^
'a ,t d,rc, 4 r = 2L (Er) (dl,rotion {;nJa; re d.u.'l'( rrdrz en tqtt )'
dc (Er)
RJaolutt,on Ar ltJluaiion t&rtt| 4aqv16l rnemlarc at o q 4x- _ d,b
: # + >( = t 7T
 lnl*l z - i l" ltl + q (:> Jn lxl = Jn +Q
fu.
Donl x= ? ,, c€R
Vltl
r Redrttcho d'u^{ {ol*tion pattteu{ddtt Tp ooqa'0" forr''v a9 = at+b
0n lcJ= o, [Link] I =€ l3a:l
Gr) [Link] ? et (a') 1t1*,+b) =et (+ 3at+ b= 2t ++ i;:" " l;;i
Donc *e= tt
D'oi 'c : C *tt. c€R
'ffi lcc rolutdono qller aonr al4;^'u yo':
En concl,rtion . ;; " ornoi [Link]'{tnd ,

l"=fu +ft, ceR

{r= tl-rt
M ethode claorr que dr Rdco{utton dq I'e'1uafto" * Cl^;""'li
E xtvnp{. [Link] l'c'luatdon ddgfe'nnttrlle y,- rc
Z't * =9 (E)

Po tono
l'= * d bdtt+onl lrt lmcmb,rqr & (E) p. kpo"t i h(awc ltttr fonctro"sdtl
(E) er rtr ; o lott ttr: lu'f,
-f,U +f,
u-( -r(tr/ -[Link]': o
Ai'Ut
Y'-[u*ru']+ l-f,r-u'l' o( .=o ql
4rt€ ,l' = .u I ,o u,(r +
fi) =O
G+ f u': o <* tl= C,
1 lJi;'- ,- -L A- gL
C comlanbc

Don e

lb= -+x'

5Et
-1
6,
v E0uetronc D;ff,C+qntdelle.{"'bu d-ei 01d.,,.r r,ncom pl;t€{ fiil
0n appr{{. e'luatcin d,,4 ittotdnr &nqg-pliiroutt dguarrton .dan( [Link]{I.

Rc'rolutron ,
f Lotrl(e l'lluation ,l,ncomp{c't( du l{r o+d,,,,,t rlt ir'uqntaal.,l ir'pmb&d, on {n a&arf
d,he,ctr,m{,nt
zo t0t!1urqf&'n'tlt pqs; +qtt'ablda [Link]* , on 1;hiroherq' i <e aei"^r't" A 4<t
dluotdonl de, *,3, t)p," ,.,; J'ur4( "t"i 0"?"fdtttaatiolj. bu:en. eha:ei1r.,
EXempftt d'c'auationa ineompliiea du {tr trdu
'+l rir= o' 3o,l') - l1tl' +'tr3 = o

@ [Link] I'c1t^.fCon ,e:.7r.+j6,:(E) (cltiact'sn: e;aat )a1ull& g nc F'gur- yao)

Plro:t = ! *=,o"tX 1 t4r
(r)
,ol': t
..o* *
"

De'trrm,nonad,X 6rrFQc'lt:t+{- ".

0na 4r:d(b-f) c+4x:'(r-fi)ar ,'.'
Donc (r) [Link] df = r4r = t(r-
t)rt c=+ aX:(t-*) at
En unFe'g'rant
_fal = f(r.f )at
e+'t=+ -Jnltl + k, tcerR
D'oti lnlti * r., ke R corr jr= :," f
,,I
y
=+ - 'l@'
Rc rtrarqU€ rm por[antr
to lonltt 7':aa fr'3trte pqi dana "f 'o'1uor,'o^ ai6ft,renhn:clrr 4u
.rsv\d",,,e incomyrite,
0n donn€rq' .lq oolutdon sc en fonctdon 4u [Link] oh*<t
.
to Lo't{1ue * nQ fr'gure pq{ danr .l'"q"qt;on otr.$fclrei$u_ell,e. A*t 4?l67d,n
On r{onn?ra ,t" lolutjon g rn fongf,i66 d.u gara_if., iacor",plifl
ehvi+t .,

@ i"tdgut l'd1'r"'tdon 'l't 'szl '+?3= o ( dlwatr'on d.qn4 l)yrll, x

^c fig*n
poo)
Poloni
\'= ty *, 41 = t ,1 U).
a)
Toourono I e^ lonctuon 4et,
b) (E) G+ (tl)t -3?
(r; - y3-- o (=) tt1r* X3 - tt,lr= e &.) Xt(n*p)' 3ty'=o
{:,> [ (.r **) ? - at] ;
X.
<F=> lIt= o G+ X : o (tol, tJon jarticult'ire)

I t'it'lu -3b =o (=5 ? = #;-

c) (i) *c,,rq,,i u*.
I.i* , #= n (tr) = fi! ent
*= 4' rtt
rA,ec x=#,,^"; *=m;f 5f
{
#=*) (^*:

'F't #
T- = ?(,,#) ,**=ffi,p*
(.r+tt)'
(I)

dr
 ,*
to+l ; T,Ir
l
Ar'nci r(r-rt3) at

(r)g=
' I (r:rri)
4tl l,* (]-Trrffi,'
4r (l *r3 )"
a. I :

,,
,1

Drirc' srr'dntrlranb'' a*''= 'Jffi dt :- Iffi dt + ft '

Sout
l*= l"lr+rl-
lu - lt
. i+t3
'--l-.. '' .
'!i r

1 r, .: ,. ! r .l
.. ,' 'l
t-
.+ .. , .i

I
@ E0wottonc Dr,gge,uenrtel&s r-ineotneo d"u 2Q (ou d.u 2nd) a,
Ot,d,'te <i coOffucrentC' ConrFantc, auee !,^d rnembte

r l'dluatt,on .[u lnd o'uot,rz i eorfflctentl conotant< ae

Dtpperentdrllr [Link]
tcncont'te, frql, €ternplt, rcl,ano I'Jtudr
"[Link] ^.d7irneo.b+anrttot't€{ potrr Aco dipilhl
Rrr,

61 Ud+tnctsol
r'loUns iluetdon ougtJ,r,entrellt Jir,iad,ue du 2nA rrd+c ; coefficg'cht{ rconotanta ect .{ne
/[Link] dt la fo'r,me
q
X" lrt) +
b rtr' tu.) * c
7(x) = f(x) IE)
oir r ct f 0 ectune penctante non nulle [Link].l ,
"&fl"
. b st e dr.4 conitanke4 ..'.ll.a donn"L< 1

. rA une [Link] dc lq tqriablc *,dc ai;*!, ,4'al= 9O,

. ct f ane fonctton contdnue 4oin.l

. 2o t'dguotton ( aqnl StCs nd

":";;."-. - me mbrrc
"" '"v 'v / r rI
qlt oc,dtt e
o' Ir<1uort on aompt('fc (E) tar
I
I homoglent
a2"L$ + r1'trt) + c x (x) o
=
Ecce mpl.
1.' + e7 =. l,(l - 5 x +-3 l'e'1, l,o*,ginr a{{o-cr'cL ut
1:
1o cf{t;,)1t U,,-tli rg -- o
*
4tu + # .; .
+: cosco} oto"t t'j1.raru1rrd*rg.vapo4rirct
R 4i
drt + raE + d.:e
r E
Afflde,atron ), I's&ct+tei!:l
0
l'dluation Ddpgdnntdtlh t rniq,i'ne du 2( 0\4'uc o' cotg;gisnta contlantl en i c-t t:
vu+ft'*;. = +coaort
p&met drQ otitrr-f nrr J'.rrtenrdrt' *u rounont d : i, +d. g*i a'Jtoblit ,tan<
uh citgwst dlr*ti1*e [Link] qnr nr'adlF.,rnce R, une ind..rrc,tance L , u,ne
eapecr'td C, toumit i urne forct dlect"omobtrce 1nqtg'[Link] Eo tt,[Link]..

(r, The'orirnr .: So{6ttono d,e {'e'1uottt-on [Link],s lnd ro,nqne o. $qciel i !,e,1rnt;oncorvrpefug
a y,,Crr) + b?'(*) + c!(x) =
o 7 A*D'(E)
c 5i r {3.a fonotionr f, "t 9. ront Cn4Jpcndanhrc i.. l.u. rap1o,r,t n't1Fyc4 €onotant
d, JL'guotion (E),
o a,t f,
"t 9. tctt col,^ttono
. Al'olto 'to, te,l',[ro aol.^buona at'(E ) lont d,. la .forwre :
Cr fl (r') + bi 9. (t) i
I I
oi ol.a .cuneta,rt-<o *'.1{*a [Link][,[Link],eo 0, ct Ca tont detttrntneel ;) l'ad dt "l'e
,..;.2'cond,i,tton,i,[Link]..
.
'X'
trn(' '1qy' y . :

*
'.'if "l'ant'tc iur ao'.4d"tnrel '?/ i. , : ': . '" , '' .

. ( 4on,l d,e nomb*ui ea{ cfi cond'dtuon{ '(orvf d'o"ner< pour t= O)'
 rn Thdo,u&nne
tr/-- : $o?uttonr 4e {lequete sn 4B}y}tf}!e'be :
o, y"(r) *by'(z) + c rg(x) =S(x) (fi, a*o
Lq tolution gerrr'tol. 4e l_'s'qnatt.0n co^plile tE) art
i. -,

x:,c,f,|(r)*qvl(r)+xo ' :

c.a a lo rorrrre d. [Link]{,.tdo;fg.'"drqk .lre'1ur.t,'on d,r horoge-nr a<,{ocrt/e

e,t d'*ne [Link] palbrcultire ur d, l'l'luotnon oowrpL't, [i), ], , ,,

.:
a) Metho4e paatfqut la ,.dsolution de I'e'quatron homogene q{{0Ct9e :
pou,r t\.,

ay"lt) + urtr'{x) + s7($ = g (E) ; a+ o

la tolution [Link], ot. J'e'q,,otron ho-oqine q{aucrei (E ) a'rbttent"
d de J'.h"Jtdoi ""o.""h'
pr,[Link]',r "t,ea ruqctnco ,
atl+b,r+c:0 (f.,f
ftt eq{: cr 4= bL- +ac }0
Gl) q 2 ractr,ec ..'"lleo dfqtr:4cter ; Io,= -a+.lT
2a

Donc (E) admrt pour solution gindrnle

l^.= -b-va G
-r'
;
2x= e, ert{+ cr rQ*, cr,cre R.

#
Z(eq(: ti 4= O j a

(Enl c4'nrt qvlq ncinq rtletl.t Couttc ' ar.i ru. = r = 1,+ ,, :
,

Donc (E) qd,rnet pour rolut,o. gJidrol", "VX=19 *..;l: ,i'1 c,, c1€ B

3acq{: tf 4(o
'(El) a4mct 3 rqcin?<t G0tnPlex{{ conjtrguelt .; ru,
J =
4t*f , 4,f e tR
l . ,t t 4r= U -tr'1t'
c t,
, Qeinpt) *n*, cr,[Link]
Dol (E) d1ne[ f,ort lut$on g{h{rqJc
.a ,oo yX= (ci co{Ju( +
.t

:.,'
Ei1g+1r{' Inte gte,r 1., Jluq[ionc digft'rentreileo cu,i*antro
{o :c"-6x'+gt6='o (E) -''(d,
E1. ca,.actdrdotdlrrc: ,,.c- e++9:o (!+, (t-g)t = o t* 4= 3 racfnc Aouile' o)'

2d^t'rolc,lr (E) eotr f : (c, rcrt ) ,",

bonc la lolutrion eq,C2€R
, ,.,. t
z' Ut' -
ny'+ rgro (E)
nr=l=z
Eqro,tion carqe,tdnstdlue : *,Ct #8=o .
Donc ,t*,1 loLrtdona dr (E\ lont : 1= C, atb

3" Yo''+?' * lo? : {) (E)

(4i)f (AtzltCco\
: "r,!-4,r +^10=o. d'= t2)r-lo: :16= lCtl:
[Link] cqracfJdst.'que
ho"tr,ot gompltlea ton3ug,[Link] : 4r r 2+ +i, 4t= 2-4; il'.l- A= 2, .f= 4
Donc l'i^tJ9nol. 3J^1"d. d. (E) .rt', U = (e, c0{4'c + c,odn4x)glt
t+o. tt+\-".- 4x'* ":{f'r:,|*u*n:d:
, ,;:;r,!-t;l;;i,
-'t';'
lt e,'quatton, ct?,^"i;, * -* :.')::"
l ?. " * ;;,) r"'n o
-u={q
2 *) cn: 7h
: l-"pfl;
j: i,i 1; 'trtt
o)
=' **
Mdrn*an rtatr'1r,te pou] {a d.'une rril.t,on [Link],.im
^.ceheche
d. l'slqaf r 0n com plite ttr,ivtrntr @
.,,.i ,t + o
a?"(r) + bd'(x) + cx(x): rcxl (a) a,$llcp.i.b?'(x) +c,trtx)=o ( €o)
i',
Powr, ,,dloud,rrt u.r'ro dluatton coml{t'tt (E) d.r 2.d ord,re
a.,cojrcfigleni< conotane
fo 0n afaqrchr 4'abo'rd, {o totutton [Link], u^ de )tolluatio^
Aaa4 zad nnenlbo
lo .pu(c on cherghe lo aol,rtion partilulrite
vro\r.J'.i.u^iror, .r,,,/"-h
. Celtr'aechireht dr ln lolution part,culditi yp prut {e:
farrre ; )'a,iole
d',[Link] uu i de'gaut arrte J" ^Jri,oae dr 1o *[Link],bn deo co natanle< .

1rr co5 : $i lr 2rd,me!4!g-d€lE] (x) : conatantt n nutl<

Alo'rt ,l K, conttantc i /,etf,ermineq

P;
Exrvn plc ul" - tnl'*rrl= +
Ier f(x) = 4 . Un trourora ?p: K a

Cd{ : f (x) : P tr):

01 oi
"P(rl eoI a,i Pa
Pailtqh€ utn Pb '

*lort 6n cherehe -* particuf,e-ie {ouc'la forrne i Uf = x- Qt*),

0u a)"0 elt
"+**n
un polyn6tne d* v'n{rne, natrrre I o, drgn')'quc P, ct
b) m =Jo ti 'o nrett paa, ,uu,cine d,c l'o.1g,.aFion' orrra"te'nu4brlue o-

at 0 [Link]'p lc, a, .0',.'1,ot;cn cpractirlq[rgve c-.

I,'

^ u
dP
- Accted'x
-'bi- \ .,-
' .A ctt une €onltantc ) ddt.t-ineri'r,t
r ffl -- { 0 tr 4 n'Q{t paa tacint d. I'.'luation broelQ'n4tr'1ue
or,. 4 sot ,r,aeine <imple e, l'lluot;on cotraetinhtilve
Jl
i;,l i ;lJ:?':&l'
L .l;:;:;, ;;;Fllli z
5r';"rro*.* ) ou
I f (;:
cxponrrvticrilf';' shdr: + - += 3(r)+h (r)rf(r):$,,,o,='$
Alorl Iy = Yern Yp. t a- [Link] Jr the'ori me de 4upcrpo4ifcon ot. [Link] z) '
o,i ?q = Ax'*qs t"ll. lq€a Xri' * ,Uro * rgpr ?(x)
tlP.
= Bx^ Q-d* htllt 1uc o1l, * tiir*rVr.= n'il
a\rte A, b tt m ; dibt.-iner cornie ci - )'e<4u4'
o [e{ eao f(r).= P(r)[Link] f(,()=P(x)shott tctrcitrnt&nc |<1teoll4oautlf4o. -
 ?p = uq * ur, q$(c
'" {{":{l :itii'}:i,'; i,i ,,..ou, -}
.lX"+4X'*+I=.t1'
-
= Ae
/ o= i n'r*h, rurrinc #" Xr,
I Rac-4oubh '2
' l\" +Attr'+ +1 = - e-2* !%= B$2e-1'
In= -2
[Link] =Dn=2
I Rqc. 4oqblc - I

uo
I *I'-rU = {g*
,r"
Ip,= Yq " fp, awc
eshx
. dc I'd,1' S'acfin's*r1uc
t co"in.o : -2 etl

lT":xl-,1=:...
1 *=l --+.,e,=
nrcdnrlir..plr:+m=,
Arce' sr

t Rqcdntt : -l of {
-r( -r(
IY"*X'-rX:-e 'lP,= se
.l R acdnro :
-Z ch I
I a= -t n'..t oad
PAd
rractn{ 4 Yy1 ;9

4t eqt., -5t S(r) = ,c)c P(2() r oit Ptotun Polvn0rne , '(e rR

a
j'! dP-
It,:
a

a coracll,rist;1ue
Dn Caraetinstt'1t e

'on Caraeten'stigue '\

Ete mplel
u /-;X'+3y; (gxt+t)t3r : atr+ ur +c) .3t = (orl* bx2*cr)e
3r
* 39 (
{ i".rn.r a, I i1. carqcl. : t.t 3
UP

If : I tocinr,tlrrrplc:+m=l
*1(ar+u) o3'= (or3* or') *"
ro
lrl" -c!' *91 : (r+r1t3x' .' 16p=

{ no. tnr d,r l'r'1. car. '. 3

( n<<' b(.) 4ru
I d= 3 rqc, A,[Link] ;* m
=2
(axl+ux +c) er
3o
[?"-rX'+5tr = {2tx Yp=
{ flo c i nt4 4r ?;.cact.l ttZi --*
jtr'q.
I e= I arett pel raaine:e m=o
 :1.],i,-i].'.1 l .1

Et cqs : ; r collr @
51 1r f tr) ed
I 0,,
l.f(r)= edx{[nfx
lou
l. . +(r) : o1',( cosfx * [Link])
+attnlx)
,4lo rt yp = ocm. eo(r (Acorlx
;; . A ct B tont du .eonrtantrl i Alktmincr, ot
'^=ll rrIt O{+11 n'eat po{ nqcrne de }lluotton caearliln'_slilue
d+tf qcl racrne <imple ole )tiluatr,on caracfJ ristilue
,d d*,f ect,,Lacine doiablr dr I'elnotion Carqcfrn's Ft'1u e
cst-r:d'"-l':r :4 =0
f(r) = cu5llt = ao'[Link]
-r
'{ .0u
. f ari = oin,pr -- go,1 sinJox
0iI
o ' f(r) =."toa';px+,isin1ot '=,teo{ (coc1t+Siryox)
4lors ,le = ecm . ( Acorf, + Etinfr)
oir rA cF B ront dro conrtanFcr i aiter^t'6sr,
gt
o m :;o lri ip a'c+tPAo rqanc de J'<iuotr'on carqctr't'itiltr
l, .d tf eai 6ogirr. aimptr at I'r'1,rctr'oa caractJrishT"t
,. [, oi if ed [Link] doublc dr J*'1u^tioa uract!'tf'X.
Eggrrls
: rc €r (Acooz+ Bcinx)

u
dP
itr(Acotx+Dlinr)
{ Racint{ [Link]'[Link].: td
f l=o r f =l i*,1 : t'eat rorcdnrroimple
=
)! [X" 1,t1t* ?-! = d*.t'n 1r --
( ,{= -, , } = 2'= i* q') 't+tt, nrcinisimgl'
r.+ €oX co5a
Ao I,{" -at1'* X=
rsr +co5/ : xd + Yp
; |?r+v?" t &N|c''
IRacinta : | (,[Link] 4oqil.)

i 't={'";i;i..*l"..st' ,i' = t""*ux')er

' - €o',r, + .tr,r=(Aco x+B$,,:
i.l: i!'*.! f :, .r =,

I ot= o, ft=ti Jt 4+ri;d n'rrl P4 mciar

5o lr1
l' * 4 ,l' + +
I: 4+nx = e9x 5t'''x Acoox+ Blrn*
f Rori ng d,o,r blc l-A Ue=
q+ilt=
[*=o,j: I * u ntl.+l 1t,t r''rcinr
6-Q cqc : 5r S(x) -- P(x) x coc x P((). c0T \ e'*
0!
f(r): P(xlr sf npx tt- . Ptr).aryx eor
0tI
f tr1 -- P(r)xI coolr +sir,.,px]+- P(,r) .(cor1r+si"Jox) e0x
Alo r4
Xp = ,c'[ Ocr) corS* + R tx) Sunpx] , oi
.0d RaonffupolYndma,lr mi-" deSiye ?,
a' dJtor*r'nerr ef
!m: O+tJf n'eat poo mcine ),e )'iry,rtrbn 4a6actc'n'sfi'7n r
I0rt
l'toi O{i.P: rf ect racine ar'nfe de .ltiuoton so,,?$i6sl,\yo
1,4; &,/ = ift etL 'racine oloublt "le )'i1u^h'on erracdr.s{"74^e
Exe m ple
* q"l' t 6x rin rx 1Cr<cin3x e[,
X"
" = 'o{:o
Rcet'nc{I lft' i=e'
{ d:0, !t: 2 + ,{+ if : r,r cct rzrcinr ainpL artir. carecl,
Donc
= x[ *, * 5)4o{ tt + (Cx r.D)Sfn'rx]
= (A xe + 8x) cot:r + (cr'* Dr) sinrr
'trr
.5t f(x); P(t)+ edr +
)eosPx , oi Pt,nt un plyntmt
.rryP
lou o, coc/rr+ 9rryor
T a,ye[4
iAlorc
lp = Xp,
,,! xPr'* UR, oi . tpn'l\t,lptao,,,t ) olikr^ine, i )'qt"/c *o mltho 1,
er peoeb'ci - do4d u4 .

+' co4
r.o,rt1,,tr I'c'1uatr'en compk'tt altttx\ *b1l,(x) + ey(x) f(>t) (F)/ a+o
=
n'a 4qcun{ <o{ut,'on [Link] et lor11'q:ir",:-i as *[Link] txp<e'ra
ei -i."le,tauc ne fonctr'onner 0ha recourq l" nndfhodr de Ia ran'atr'on
otea co ntkan;c4l
Crcte ,n*'thode slq{4d1ue conltbbe : i
tt 'Rdaoudre I'd1*ot'Uon lror^oitn, q<qoc((l (E)apir, dt trot(utr aa soluhb"T'l"li i
Selon {.4 cooi on [Link]
t c, err r cr, c.e R : {, = I*
a,.:t
b) o, c1,qe tR
?=(cr+qtt)ett,
. 1,". , c). ou {a, eo{}x. +c, sdnpr) e{x, erer€ rp.
.5::c,ttl*)re_, g.,nd_tc [Link]** ;^r;; f" bohtion
X=
" :
'nt litxl
1or0htrcherltngaol"[Link]^[Link](E),ooqal^po,iu

c, .f c, oonl d*a fonetdona r foil dJri,"r bleo de cc tclka 1ur (ou

{(
. awe {q conditdon) ertLrt)X&) + e./tr1 h{x) = o
q) e gn colc*h ato ro
y' ,y ,1,,. atl-i+i 7'=.\g'ncrt toy,gll!,q2/ycr,J'+ ellt+c2( .
b)f - 0n r-eporfc 1r r0'* 1" "lqna (E) ct l'on obtutnt un rtyltewl< dr z.<1uaf'1'tr
; I inconnuiu' 'Cr't*i ,t er'{r} 1uc )trn iaout pour trourtr ental<telOl'
c) r. Par duite pour trouwr Cr,(x} el er(x)
i 1 uwbe'3rre erl{r) -a "fe*'tt)
i
I
L d) . EnfJ','or, [Link] l"cu,,l eurt d* eu(r)ttc..(r) d<n,r /!tp*srion X: cr(x)7(rri+e,tr)h(t

Etelt8!3i ro 20 \" * ul= f,anr,

U,,* ! = fu7 30 X,'*
I= *t .
s€ l-t, *r
Exern pltl : In t<9'vct {t< dguatr onr cti$gerentrc ll({ ,(ui+antrl a9
lo 'l'l-Z'+'l= 13+6 (E)
of [Link];^ L I'[Link],on homogint aaancieJ i(E) : y,,-,1t*,tr=o
r Eluation cctq,etd,r,r'otiqu '. \L-[ + I : 0 (Er) ..

0n q 4: -3 : ltr='(tfi)r
,-df n2' 14 ' i"
i. rri
Donc- &r: # { '
D'oi lq tolrtdon g,lr,Jrd.'4i' 'l'r1nqt,'on hologine aogott'rl ('t

,jt,
i
u) prtdculiin Yp: "'
[Link] dt,{nt.6olut.'on
'

.0na f(r)= ltt+6 : (r!+c)e!-- '

'r; rc'(c*3yr:xi* +a) o*: ,n =: car o nlatpaa nacinr "le (E,)

oor,. ; y
. isrt ir. a'o*': u1',1cr ]'-0,
,,,=. e arr+. r b :
ct
filri ,I-'r=_ro*L+Lbt+c fu' ,

':
. En otrbrtituant yi,i;, X./" lia'o (E);'tn"o'btde'Jt
''
rfi*'; iS;''r'b*.)x + (-c+d) "= x3+ c
p..r' dd{nt,'.ficrtion ..,+
[:;J_ b ; o [ ?;!
:

{ to'rb+c=o 1t'=o
o .[,u-.*4=o t d=o
Drnc p : r! + rr-
. D'o,i ffi-,'* ,c'nlrale d. tE) {4t". I .,= (.,,.0t,9,*,,,i^9r).1'* *3* a"
20 !" * 1''- rrl ='r* (E) I
-
:A) Rirulqt,'ona. llqr"liol taio 1n'l me.,vrbtc 141rciri;t5t , X,"*X,-rX: o (E/)
Equatiovr
'- I .[Link].,'rtilue : 'us+'u -L'= o (E,)

{=eio s, \= +=-t a i nr=]f"1,'-lx & a

Donc la mlu[io^ g.'"lratc & (E') cot : !3: ct e^'+ cr

x,
e , ci,er6L .
u) Recherghc 4rtrne {ol*tJon particutrirr 7,
. 0na f(i): ex qntc d=l
,Citpli dt (E)
$one !f = A *tC" arl.t,i m= { car ='t 1* ncr'ns o(

Srtt ur
dp =
AreL
At'nr = ,t 1e]* x et) ', Xi',= o!:i" .**'.*)= 4 (ret+ xex)
\;
Donc (O e+ A(r rr + x e{) ra i;'* , qt);llrcr : nx'6 3 Aer= e.x
{+ ?Azl1* A= *
,'$i ?l= ir.*
,, ..,:
-#
l^J. 1. 4r G) eeh :
Done .1" {o Nu tr'orr 3trre
'a, €* * u, ft* + ,cex
x = .3 {
Q
, c,/qe {? I
30 \"-r?'nI. xe**co{rc (F)
i nl"-rI'rI = o
RJoolrtitn dr l'dluqtr'on hor"ro-qine ql{ucie{
(E')
. mctdon eoradJnufi'1.e +b- L+'+{.= 0 (Er)
0na (trl ,J (+-r)t;e4=$ i=o..ocdneolouble
Drnc. .{.s [Link] a. 1d) tont'.,,/, i (c, + c, x)el, c, i:e R

Recherche 4rqne aol,{tion partrculr;r^c

Vp = Ntr* [?,
. Rcchrrehc l''n,.. ,lolutdon"partr'cii'lui,:r ?g nllr q n, ;i-r7r*hr= :j (gr)
Soit [.(r): *,n uur.]o(=, E(x)
Done Up, = f',(q,1Jt).0: artc rn: I c'ac d=, tat racinc dotrLp at (Er)
50it ler= x'(ar+u)ea= (1*e*u*'l il.' ,', ",
.

.Rccherchc;ffipirhiculr).nVg,rril<1t1{,.,1r,+1e,zco4x(Eg)
Potono -co{x =t'^co{x-4t}(.c 'd'=.o *.f=1,
--.;;;
$(r)=
:. ., -: [Link] , .te,,.=
''"' 4t [iqptr.1 ^.-^mi,.,i cct,ftt',P.o= ;i 6'1o[
Brtnll1 Gutc
"^^, - B4inr " pad reci"t*$ I

gctt uo r Acoot +9rrnx

. orl tt
Arna r,r, - Aavrx + B cocilt fir= -Aco< r - Be inx'
=
Do,.c (er)t+ -[Link]: . I A=o 't
++ tAain 1 - zB cuor( = co{x e {i.1:", +4''{
1-rs:1si t6=-1^'-
t I ' !
D,pr {;tT;;;
'in
.or..luli on Xp= * x3 tI .- |
= X?t* X1li
an x'

! ' btnc, .fq sotutr:on

#n,lro,t. It (E) te| i

X= Y?IYP. "
e''.: ,
tr = (c,1,t i 't) er* 1 tler- | Q,
'..1erR,
'

40 ol" *ul= xrinx (E)

a Fq,ration homogin, aocociel (E) : ,1't+ 7'= o (E/)
a Equatdo n, e^roctltnstil,e({) rn""i,t o i+ 11L= -,1
=
rl = e, t ='3 t',., -'r'',' .

t bonc lq oolnt,'un [Link] d< tE') e4+ '. !, : c, cort r e Sinr , q,e,e rR .
I Reche,rche a'une aoltrtien go.t,cul,ifl
?f
Donc Xo : tn f- (qx.+U)culr + (ct+d,)a,'r,r'l' a^tac
 ,..a ..a.

: I car d+i1 : I trt raetne oimplc o1q (sr) ,

'
$nt ?f t x[(4x+b)cortx+(ct+"t) ,tnx
a,
J
I

yf + (cxr* dx) Ildnx

,= (S*'+ bx). co{x
Ainri ti : [c*i f (s1+,t).x + l]coor,,+ [- oxl+ (ee- b)r + d ]ainx
l

( te -b):t + la r+ rJ ] oocr + [-cx2+ ( - 4a +'d)X -r b + rcl oi'u

Z;' = I- o*t +
)onc, (E) c=) (4cr + lan r + (--+ox - zb+Ic)lntx ; X'4ttriX'
1a) 1{
(+ [.=:
.lo*d=o <r>{["=-f
b:o
. r.,
"
,, t : ,.I :

1 -4q= |
.

I _b+c"o
I c =o
I a: I \ :

D'oi' ,l?= -l!2coox +f ,nx

Donc l" .lolutdon
7dn,l"ra'|. ee
i(e)'rit
b= lq*W
g t crcocx* q rin: 'X'rroII + I sinr,
.'^.,'.- -l -.i"' .;1 .,, 1I,.-.','1, ,.{.t
ct,qeR -^'
.l

5o 't'* X= fr7 (E)

:. i

Eluatign aand lnd nrerr.b"r qqlncl|ti; (E) : Xil'+:5;E 'o. ( E/)

,
I

El,ratdon garaodnltfluc (g, , +?+ I.'; o <:+ rvu:-,t-! t,t r+ +J ! r , "

Donc l' [Link]..lr gt",irol.'* (X'f ;!l , ? = cr coort +,qanx , e,l, !r € F

Rechrrehe 4' une a t [Link] . garticu l,i.e com plitt . ot^i {" fo rme'
cr (r) c,04x + cr (r) lin rc .(*i) udthoie Jt tqriatr'on d<o
li =
(:l)' ' conltantea
{o*" eo't,t) co{1 1 {rr) 6l"x ='
0*a . g' J(t)'lfnt + crc) cocr cr'tr)toltd-Mg
+ ;'
ff o a'ali.$ (4)rr"ii:
sort i '' - ai (*) ,in* * e. (,!)'**'
=
rEr, ..,
Jnral + c.'rx\cooi, .-*::rro* t*,;ttr;nu . ,.
;,[ , .

, - "-.' ': " \'

, .*o..-Cl,Ca\lin"( + e/Ctl colx :-CsCr) ."*.tC.(t)1iax '-f,(tlccr*tCr(r)linr'=h
ton.,qe1

(s,
:;:l;:;J +Lili:;;:#i,'-'l
codx = f.m7- ({/
{[ -c1'g't\ ainr ;:i;,J,:n#ii,,l,:#d}
labo (g)c+r["',gtyri*tiertdfrrrl:ti'
erCrr)
Qriulufiorr dr,{y6tine (s)
.r [ ltt{f.'Crl*cr't*t9rt7;lg
o=_tl:l -ff;1il,,[Link]*,;
i,llrql;'
!f
aci<,,i =
im I
: inll ;,-sinr
co{x corx.
ri,;irfiin,
: '.
l.'
I
I
-'--'"_ :t.:.
'1. wronrler'[Link] f,[t)[Link]]

Auud if'"l= :t,"?! * cn e"t = J{tH a,r =._tn ir:.rf +'pr; r} A.' -

.
J ",'cr; =
t %,(*)=
.+ =.'ort'
j- ffir, kr€ rR.

Donc . d'a p"ic lrt ot= _,g11.1 4.1* * eJ*l: IEp.i ]r-, -,
 t'' i' l

6o tl" *X = [Link] +.dnt (E)

. Elucrtrion hornogin? a.c,l(c((l ;(g) , ,1"* y: o (E')
. Elucti'on (arq"ctc'x'olr'1ue (ft): .*+t =o<) 4,' f t ( ,

[Link] . Dons l" to{'ett'on ,Jit'r^tt dt(E') tat " Yq= c, co{t x + Q sdnx 1 C1, C2€rfl
r Rrelrtrch< dlune .,lolutton porb,culri t"e Ip
Snt [(r,) : co,ll + l(nx = (coor + 4r'nx) e-- q^,-rc d-=o el"J5: a
:
lonc Xp = r" (Aco{t + Blinx) - i*rr-
m: | .o, 4+tJr, i itt rctin' .,cr''nPli d; (E't)
Srrt Ip = Ax gutx + Br. d(r'r.r'
-rl;
Ainrr = A lcox -xSinx) +; B ('ziwr + x-cro x)"
:

:,,. Ut,;,(: 4. + 1'B) cotx t (' $r + !A).1dn \ .'. :

fr'nZ
'

Don" tel c+, (- A t +l B) cucr +. (- B x + rA) ar'nr + Ax' ear + BxJrnl = Crcx+
G+ gIctx -rA'rinr 3cs{x*4inx
<=+ frB:'t a {g=+
b' oi
:.l-1.4:r
:,
1,4=-f
r".. - , 1p-, ,- | I cn r, *, t ,r,4i^{
Dona li,r eolutlq$a
I
ote (f) lJ"t t : 'tq +'tp
'f t11..al'','on

Srtt
{"=1 eoor t q oinr - !. xcorix + +x4in:( t .Ct, cr e tR

To *" + 4xt + 8x :'"34,nt'.'2 eo(f ,

E.1r*t1ow 6emoginr aetocitJ i" x"+ 4xt.+8r =o (E/).

u' f1n at
iin [Link]'rttfilut({): nt + |rt' + S = q qlmr/. lovr
'ur, 1 '.1-2t- |t-OZ= -2+tt,
,brnc Jr aol*ti;" gJ"i;al1 t< (E) *ai *l , (ei eaet + q +r [Link] ) ;?', e,,,c, e tR'
cherchrn4 rrnr 4rtution ;[Link]"e *p. " 1 :
...3ii't Firt= Jrr'nh -rJoat = (rotnt-!crot)eot ,r!c,dt,l , 8" 4,1 4+r1 = i
brne 4p i trn(Acoot +B,rinb)
1ec ln:9 ?r 4+(ip:d n\ofpatmci*,rrQ)
;:: ?;==
-P - 1':'i,:--"';L, ) ,*t= - Acsch - 6arnr- :

Diri G)c+ (- 4cnrt - Baint)* .,(-4rr'nl+ Bcot-l +'8(Aaf+Batnt)= 35rtl--l&rf,

. 4+ t-4A+?3=3 ,*l A=:Z(-
i .., 1*o*4D:-z'=lo_ , \ u- _€
eJ ,
Dotc d - --z( ecch+_{3 [Link] ' ?5 : ;

'p 65 65
Donc J !;r,' alq iniroi, dt (E) ear * = x
-&65
:
Sol cdfi - c,/
te R.
!.,,oooat+qainrt)e-: #.4,'nl,
8o Eqttqtton d.u tYPe Y" :f (rl . :

ElltctnJooffi,.t{tparerrntnr.:.gNhlec2memb,ft4a|<.l|<,1uoh,on,
Eremplc t ,1"= rdnr i 'tr'= lcinxdr;
-'90'x+Ct =+ Y = )(co4x+c1)dx
+ N='-rtnrc,+elf +Q, C1 r C1 €tRo
 .:i.::;ii-i:lif.,,1lt. .. , :

Eguatuonc Dtjge'tentrellec otu 2Q O'rol,,r,e {,nCornplite'o ot @

Egu otu ons Diggi'rt ntue'll'e< d,tt
o(
I O,rdte i eOtfficrcnfo n0 n c|n7tqnV4

fnttod.r,lcttOn : C{oc5r'ftcott,on dtl dquottorrt [Link]'te*tde{ltc du 2e O'tL*

nt elrtatr orl @,rdte ett de la for-I.
u"= f(xtrl,u!,1. I
dlactel ptincipolt a 'd" iquattonl dig6tl'rtnttcllar
4u 2a Olrdt\e ,.
Xl cccitte e
t;i 'l
o
Eguot(on d,-pgd'.entuellel 4u rt otd're l'ncom lt'tel '
a) r4"; f(r.) ) Errmp{e {' '3*: o

b) I" - {$r L!t) --+ Errmp{t 21" = rfq

c) f (I,,! ', u1"\: o --+ Ertmplt I ,lrl" = t* 1'2
1l' = Q\ul
(rttr) 1" +*1t = zx'
2o Equationc dicrt\entucllel ltnJotttt *u 2'o'udtc '

. Elt * 4encont@nt d,ant fowtea le'l brnnchq d'e la

phyat'jrr'e '

icge$f.'[Link]+ 'ionat-a'i&l' d"tt"bht i

**wt':acetptzd
. B{le.c fiou&h*.6hJe,fl
membte oui qttc Cc0ond mernbte ' :

. 1l ortrte r typea ot'dluction{ drffo'[Link] l,'nJaute-o 4tt 2' otdte- :

o) Equratronr
a-"tffffito conllanr<
dilfe'tenttellet Itnr'adlta
c;.4 dr t^ffi- "X'* b'J' * c t, = fcrt , aeRi, be R, c€ lR.i
:,,\ Ce lont lt{ Jquatton4 dtffJnnt,oltel d,t btawcoup
I.l nlul uttlel et
l.o plul frJlutente{ dqnt ltl applicatfon{ pratuguca ;
b) Equattono 4rggdtenttel{el lindai,rt<t a' coeggrcdsnl-l non €onrtanla
o(r) X" + b(r) 1/+ c(t)X : f(rct :

oi 4, br c€f f donf der fonctionl d,onnel{..{

Etemplt: (t+ tcl) utr" +xr7'= 2r
' : r-zr't +4",x1*a?=li(r+'c)
Egu atr,on$ dtEulsry

C'.rt a'q,*tr* atfft'tentxllt lintht're lu 2" ordtt'

"r. nt4 non conlkatttl '*. l" fotvnt'.
; rcocffdcrle
rt yf'+' q x1t + ay =
Ilf-, , oi o€iR,
beR 1*20,

Exe*p{. : xzr't-2xX,* rrl3tJ t r'0.

X, * nri z la*, t
X,' ,1" - lX € IR*ts .

V'!* k3 : o,' lconctantc,H *trl"* zr4=o:le)0

 Egdetion t aif{irenbie,llla d.u zd oqdw inco- Jc-te {
n' t".tqt tr, e nf gue
Elhl joue.'rt un g'land tdlt tn etndmatilue cqr .[e tcmPs pa"

teo d,ett\}ee4 '

A. l. n'l
Equat(on{ d';ff{\;nttellrt du.2 o+d+e incomplittl dt lt forrnc
ul" C( cC)
=
.@ Ja ad'rr,tql n'r,ntcrtlent qr'r'e pa! {4 de,itt'e .Aecorrde.
gn lo tdrout ant rdpatement rfiutl lco
e", tr,ttg, 3 memLr{ d, l'tlwatron.
{pflccotior,.'
r^td9re, l'c'luatton diggete"ttellc y't = wv* (rl
En r,rrte'g,r,anl (E), on q:

y, = fte*d*
En lntt'granl Pr f'antrQ{ auQc
[u: r + dtdu=
I d.r: erdr -+ r,: g'
1.1 ,rrtnt 1':
I
I
x:( -- Q + C1 , C1€R' ( e,)

En {, nfelqT,ant 4e in 0u^v e a,^ (97)

1; [,[Link],drt I eId,r r' c,Iar
vl= r( at ,e
I.
et.'+ cr xrc2
'[
sult 1z ('1(-_e) e +C1 :ti C2 , C{rcte lR

4,2. Equrotion 4dffdttntr?llc, [Link] ordte dncomplc'tc d< la for:n.x

'll' = $(x,Y')
c'd.'1. dquation o,i la'fonett'on n'appo,.at F
- grc pat ae{ de'tt+etl .
appt'eato: rnte!,ret Ji'quat,bn d,gp'xntr'elJn ,n.", ,t ,t+ f (E)
a) PorOnC(l)Z
=
,r' =* ,' : ,t'_
b) (E) actient : tr'= {F (eevs cn:c ctrr} 4={2
+F"
ftr9sh:^= +c
*'c
z: sh(!x+e) (artt z=7'\
uariabltc el en iwfe'9maE'l'l"tint
:
,(l) otcwent ,!n 4r'parant [Link]
c). \l =' sh(t x..+c) , dx
,,,I '= (lx. + c)
' ' f 'str ,

Donc .. 'T : r ch[tr tc) t,k , c',

F
e-tR

Rtraarlrrc En p,otont a= +, lcr€R

k: !0, IotR
.ch(lrr-+o) +le .*,. Arfint :
lq rolution .X =
' x-- tr\
,!_1o = zsh(T)
A.3. Equotton <ftffdunttelle 4u 21 0,t,d,ve incomplife d< lq formc
|(,1,,X', y',\ 0 c. ,i. a eqnafr'on ori la {iattahir r
n'apparait I erpl(or,tement
rt)=
. Mdthod. protf dt ,udso{ut,or,. de l'r1 att'on F('0, Y', O

o) 0n p06. p: X' atr€c \= 1(r) donc p: p( lttt fonctr'on inconnuc d.t,.1 unsidiic
com,vrr :uariablc
(6')'= (r)
b) on calc,rlr 1P.
dr = 4dr. = '1"

u,r, p; p(1trr) :+ = fl. fr fr= 1'= ?

d'\
Oo'1\po{tc.(
r'

AlnAi (l) 4r*c*f

i Yt'= PS
c) t'r'[Link] +(t1r t r1,t) z o d.e+rent :
X' .l

nntrillc d,u ltc or{tt c'^ et

F( l, J, i *t-l : o (E) Elration ddfft U P

4) 0n rdront (E).
0n obtt,cqt,.ctinlr' p:, d'en fonclt0n Jc nl t,.-'. C€ gut [Link] unt noq,,eflc
Jluattbn d,tgiJ+tnf,tlle du 'ler |nd'.z. sn x ol q dont lo niolutrbn do nn?
.cclte lodo ,^ne cnttt 1r';t *,o
".Ltton
Remarquc

En praitlue, 0v1 trourre .0utlent * en goni:tr'on d,c g.

Par cre(-pl., cn r la rqr(abl. cor le ternpc tr . l^ l; horairc 4tt
cr'ne'rnctrquc

moqrrtrnrn[ 4'un P![nt donnr glniroh^ent f rrhctant ri lc mobr]r

pa({{ pa( rtne
potitron donne.f I ct nOn la ;.,otdttion &,mObilc-o .r^ tnctant do",^.,. ll
au$rt
'dc concqltt'l un horq,ire [Link] chpmin{ dt fer powt covnprendrrr J,rrrtc,n6l o(e ea
point ote .'rue.

Eqr,rotfon 4r6ferentcrllt du 2( o,rdte r,ncomplitr Ae [Link]{

F(L I,2,tl',) =o c.i.a e'quatrort oi ladd-rveL {
n'l'wfCru-ie nI qu.e par 40n ,eqrrel , i

. l2 t
nombtcq* oq{, la 4dr,ltt[ ul' nttn[qowtnl que gar ,{ Dn 461rrC U
Datrl olc
Par er.*plt , en cinimat(1r{ , lo +[Link]{cr r,ntetuicnt grelgue Ioujo ut< Pdr Ao^ "o"i,

0tt or olo,r,l vntJtir i po<et ,7

a) l= ,tr'' ltit 1= i(1{xr) ea( l= !ft)
b) dq--43,.-4J-
il- ot,v1 * = q'*i-
'd2 ,l i
(t ,r)'= r ,!' .(J')' -- ,r'( I
y)

or q: 1''
a

d7 I4t- =*h'')
dt
=

Donc qt &q Zrl'1"

C-
dI =
Sudl 43" z r,tr't * 1rt
La1dr)
)rt = z
 *

4pplr'catron t 1nte9,re,u l'e'luatio n

iligge'rentoell. 2ol" = i+ ,l
a) Pcrono ,12 = 1(,r). ou' 1= ol(lrrt)
Atinli (,r,,)'=
*
c.i.a zrl,rl,,
= *r. a.
a]4
T'fr # ,2',t"= ,'*
t dq
Sodt ,!,,= nTi
(,. ol
" i+,
b) dan< ( F,)
,Repodonc :t "1,'

l, fr : ,t+1 E4V, en ,1at q

dl . l {. c+ Jn Ir*11 elnttl+e G+ l^lrn1l='l"lfl *c
'l+ 1
= =
'1

r+1: Lr1ta* 1= [Link]-, ,: , . r , quro o', pii*frf. 1:,u,, >o

A tntt' (t) d{ur'{nt
ff>o
1'2= LIt-l a4 1'= +!/F EAVStn t4 clr.
SJparonr lto ,[Link] : i,"

'*[a1
-JvEU orrlc I 4u : *rgchu'* c
= la, ,lffil '

t4t!L=[a.
-,n|,&fu J--
t
in *'trch(3G)
= rg,+c c=> Lrych(t VE'),: tG'(x 1,c) I
[Link](-:k)';f Qff{: tia, { t, eht<ot
c.d.4.. I{i =
cr.[r v? 1rt+c)1'' aut.c Pau-'rc

y ch[vI'(*+c)J suiolue ch I f[ (, *.il ,= ch I V[ (** dl

Donc
= ft'
ee B , kro
(E) e-
pplvcatfOn I RJ<oqdrt )'r'[Link] Aig$1,<nr;<lle
| ,1" = iV $(.1,1',,1")=
A o

I f rol : Y'(o): o
a) Poron{*1: ul,'(l)
Xl urtnL y't af,
= \,
(r) ++ 'EAvs
b)
t *= s21 cnqottl
(==)'
[^l = fz "'1 ax

q(o 4rwtnt .,'r. *k

"21
0" ,tr'(o)=o =>
X,2fo)=o
"i ,, bt e2(r)* k=h+r
l.*
I
k+t=o <+ le=-{
=
,*dnrr ul,'
= elx _, (:+. ,1,
= J lm (En)Elvs en x el t1
d) Re'colrron< (e,) er, ltJpo.q,.l ]rr *qriablco '

r+e: ttJ5
{-% q'vec
I#;Arcco{u+c
xs+C:i Arcco{(e-U) €+ ,4+cco4(e-V)
=$(rc+c)
'5 - co'r(rc+c) ,ca( coa(-(r+c))
:c0{ (tc+c)p*,.(yuerr+cclt.o}
fuQ'
-X : ,ln co<(rc+c)
!: - -tn Co{ (r+C), ce'R

e) De'[Link]< c
0r,a ?(o)=o I
-lnco(c ; o e> laeo4c= 0 @ co{c; { &)c:o
y(0) =l*nrro. l..4
Donc
! = -,fnc o< r

B. Elwationt Dfgge'trrtreller &rnd6ta y4,,d,w):,2Q:61g44.d,toefifp,br-enh non

con<[q
^f{
a(r-) ,1,, * r"(x) ttrt + c(r)y = f('t)
oi 'o, b o oct F cont drd onebron< Aonne'e<
B't Aoplteatr,on{ : Eluat,on d,iffcrerr;t-elle l;",eo;,* du 2a vtl* i oef'fttr'ent<
non constantq 4e la folme a(t\Vrt+ b($ ult=$(x)'
. lntti,rcr, .l'dluatdo^ diffdrent,tl"t'
(t+rl) I" * ztX'= orc , a6 rR, (il *f[trr" ?"]=O
a) Pocort 7=tl' (l)
0na z'= ol"
b) (E) G+ (l+xt) 7'+tZ: q x G+ (l* xt) Z' = (c-z) t (E,') EAV' en
t(etZ

c) RJa o lrr or,q ( e,l)

(E,) e> ,9& , '

l+f''
: -\
zt
- z-a o>
lx=-t[k*,
+c ,l"lft7l -.
q lr. lz-"1 l,, lr+*rt =
€> Z-e=L
.*/l+xu

d) D'af it (a)
,
i,l u,rnt d '- o = I,ffi- (=) x'= o. ke l= I[-ftJ*'
€+ d-
qr + 2ar?shx't k
Donc != ax+1aqsh.,t+ h) leeR
Br - Inte'9+atton ole -l'e'1,[Link] n dif$e're^t,elle )ilnt'air, d,t
non eondfqnf4
a(-t) tltt + b(2() Xt+ e(x\1: f Cr)

na cha,nt, jt,te )a .{oJutrOn parhuOt,(lr'e'1e { (mfu @ t+l:dr",n.J .

4 pp,ftcatut n . rnFeltt. I 'r[uot,bn dr]fe re"],eJle

-:) + 2y cotanf = o, oi x€Jot$t, (fl

1,1,t Va,tx * !'(to'i*
{ tochqnt que 9, t,r1 = 6(nrt e n e<t <olutton'
( pcctt'oufiirc)

a) Poronl "l=zrins (1) 0i z= z(r) (''t' X=zY(*)

Il trint =' r'einrt + z co( x
Y'
l< c01 -z4t'nt
:"dinx + lz'co{x
y,, = Z"drnx
b) (e) c+ ztt + z/tanx. : o e) Z" = 'z 'Lan[ f,lvJen Lat x
(+ !-: - fan:t
z'
G+ In lz'l = I {;;Lrt ln lz'l = ln lco<rf +c
6 zt= keoarc EAv, en Zt e,tt'
: l(din x+2 r-----+ Z=h{in't*2'
r) Fin ale m( ni dtapx"l ('l )

hadnzx + 2ainf, R'

.l= (rtoint+2)cinr : r h,ze

Bg. Mrithod. d,'rntclratron d l'add. ,ten aq.'q,iel cnttitec

Cgfie rhithodt erb oourtr€nt utrlrqtJ lo.<1ne let coeffrcient{ {oni ofua foncfisaa

PD lj [4oyntaleo

f ff lrcattol I rntJgr,et, l'r'luatio n d,if {e'rentrellc

*'y" -r* It+ 2r1 : 2* lt3 4;n2Y- (Al
0n che rch<.q d,eo {olutro no dc la formc U = 4n, n€Z'
{itt t'tqPc 5olutr'on gr'ne'rsl. 4e I'<'g,.at;on hornoge'n e aq4ociete : x,
v,,-2rrtr,+[Link]=o
a) Poront ,{ = rn , ne Z (l)
1{ ', "l'.'- n (n- l) xn-2
.rtenl ,l'= n ccn-|,.
n-' *r'n= o
b) (E) <=' *t (, (n-r) * ^-1 - lr (n * )
4+ (. tn-t) -2 n *r )$n = o
r-r> rn(n-l) - r(n-t) = o r+ (t-l) (n'z) = o
€1 q-' gu !-#
D'apin *t et i= ,'
(r): U1
Jont dtc ao{ut,ono J,'rrrl,'.t,rrent- .n4e'ptrrco,r;6.6

Donc ,12 c, x + C, *'

=
2e dtqpc. Rccherchc de lo <o{ution p^.tfeulrr*ne
ule
= *YP, {P, ou-
_:i. trr:i : I ::l,rj. .

tl?, rrl
"
telL 1u2 Xul
2
ii -z*'t'rr* ''tp, r" (Er)

' |pr ctt {q lL q,^e *'yii -zx,trtsr+ 2YT',

e,
zf <rntr. /s
\-2'\
f, tr)
Rechcrche de U
pr -.-'

Forwlq rJg.:2 carfi(I)= ?

0n a ,l'er'
= o ', ,l'ir= o

G,,)*=+ 12(o)-2r(o)+:2:r G+ A='l

R<chrrchc de ?p. \

Ubr'ld{ont la *dthod,, de {-art'atr'0n dcq con{tante''l'

r Po(bnr = c,(r) x + c,(x) r'
I2
l?r.
J "*. la conddtrbn'
[ .,'(''r) { + cl (r) r,2 = o (zl
I

$n a 'l{r: ei x + er(x) + ciCllx2+ exe,(r) : c,tr} + tx q ({J (C'o1r,'o (r}) .

tt
'Xi: ^ ^ , .
= c,'cx) + 2c,(r) + 2{c/tx)

xtI *:iei tx)J -z,tfc,(r) + 2rcr (x)J + 2l c{rlx + qr$xJ: 2it3<;nza

c1't,t) + 2 cr t.)
cr'ct1rr2 + r c/ cr1x3 - zrJ tnzx (g)
.0rr obtrent qtntf lt .rystimt
f c,'tr)* *cr'(:t)xz; o [z\
I cr't*) xl + lcl/(r)r3-- zr3<inex (.?)
4: 4-14 x4 *o
l;. ;"1= '- =
*L
4cr '(,t) = ll*ro,n, { ri3 : -2x54inrt
,
- lx o
( t) - 2x4 oi nr*
c2
lxz
2x3zinzt
I
cr(
r({0 - ?x4intx (q)
t. ! 5rn2{ (5)
t cr (rx)
D i t ct mino n,l cr'trt) gh ,,trf t'grqnh (5)
x{ [Link] el (r) : a f<;n zxdx =-2 (t),'o ex + k,
cr (r()=-c04l{ *hl ,leteR

Diter-inona Cr (x) en i ntt'g'. ant par par'tit< ( 4)

- {<inlt +htt hreR

t
C,(t) = -2 J'({ fnrxdx' : x cu<l2x
Do nc U R. t,t;
lx <;n2x + h,x n k, n2, k,tthze'P
[Link] y: 4 +krx+hrxr- \x <inzx ,k,t, br€R.
 {mlt'cqtt0n':- rnttgter .l'tq,ration drffdrentrQllc
g-i.) x't - 2t x' + Zce -- o (E)

Cqehant advnct dtl .Aolutton( patfrculr't'r{ lur' ,(on} olN

1u'e.l.l.
poly nd mr{ du 'ltr dt 9\( '
dtl colw[font partfcult'e're'(
!

'r Rechrrchr
1utulPpc
a) Po{0n4 !t: at+b
d'[ rrre nb lg'=q I :t"=O
u) (e)t;t ({-tl) (o) - 2b(a) + 2at + 2b = D
€> b: o ef q eot qurleonlu? c'i'q a€ R'

Don e rc: qt .
It dFof,c. o Rechtrehe ctc la lolutron Sdndrale lq foame r
<oq{ -- tz(t} (r) , [Link]<z(tl.
c)gna rc': z+te'(t) , x"= z|ti*+,rlzt'
dl (F) c+ t (r- t 2) z" + z(t- 2t2) z'": o (E) E4vs e,trct z'
' e.ioluon4 (Er) cn <,lgaront lc< nraeiable<

{ ='} ;d, =-,,**+r :d ,z', -'lftar'tff*i

lnlz'l= - r l- ultrc:,J. !
lil:lih l
r* lil * "t"f ,,tl*'"/" l kl .' .1;
Jk l;,+ r '(t-t')
ZI:

Z:
,- ;t-++f l"l*l J. k, ke R .

F ivt a It me rtf, 4'"do ({ )

,e -- t r(t) : kt + a
f- , + lL ln/+il] , b, )eR
A pp-licotr on-l
tr n tdgttt, n dfffdr<nl;ello
l'e luotio
(rz-r) y" - z*
I'-(x'-zx -l)'J = o (E) +- tll-',1 -2x -(xz-rx-r)= o
f n dr'cctrO n

IJ g*:
Ovr cherehQtz. unt- [Link]
ex po nt ntr tlle Ja'"hont 1n, f, rxt : {x cn
t'c,rdualrnbe I esh Oo {uh'on [Link] lre-re
1t'? .d ta pr ,. Vtrt.e,'on4
f,, (x} = p{ ert <olut,bn dr (E)
r
?r{t
Po< o n{ f = 'c* :) ,1, = ,1" - g*'
Af no i (e) <+
[*. -n - zx - (x2 -zx -r)].* = o
t+ oet: o rraie V rt e rR
DDne xp $Crl:[Link] <o lxfu'on parl-iculir'x r.(E)
2t itapr Rechcrche ote
lo rolutr'on g.'rr'*lt (ou a. ror.l.o*o <[Link]{).roua )1o,,@ ,

f orvme ,l: z Qt ( t)
"
Dorrc !'= (='+z)Qx st ,1"=(2"+2z/+r)ex
A(n4r',(E),dtut.e.t:ftr2-:5:,:;;:]::,,:;:,ffiuj,[Link]{+o

(rt- n) Ztt = (3x-2x2+i) z/

!= zx+?-1t2= -2+'..-r 2N
V- E_-

2
,[(*.-.r) i"td,c
. _2.t . b:-12', c:1,
artz+ bt +cJ ? + k $tt4 A = -+ ,
7
t'* 4
z= rz (-+' -++l) *
tz
k , n,he tR

Fin a-krnrnt, ul= (-t-L+!-\tlc + krl t 2, kelR' ('' "glr (r))

A \ e z 4/

A pplucott,on A rn Fei'rtr J'Jguattor. 4,fft'rentutll.

(n*) y" - z%,t ( 1-r) % = xs-x (r) * (r+r)-1, +('-x) -- o

0n un( ooluhbn g)cPonelhtJlr (p"htulrin)

"h...[Link]
olt l' clua'tr'on homog.-",. o{cucit{,
.) Potrln(
! = ef, :3y ul,'= \t,= ex
u) Reporton4 y, o1tetrl,, don{ )'e'quof;on ho rnoge' n < ot44 o, k I (+t)ttrtt -t tr+fi'x) 7:'
(rtx -z+ 1-x)et: oex=o
e{ ttt un1 .{o]utror. ya;gr.'c.,,1,tr. dt ., ltl'1*atton
Donc uJz ho-o gine [Link],'ttf .

c) cherchont la 4o'|,^ttbn glni*l, aru4 lr, forrn<

vl= z eL (,t)
,14went'. '{''=(z'+z)tr ', X" = (."* 2zt+z)**
d) (E) "tcv'ten b [ 6 + x) ( t"* zzt+z) -a (z'+<)+(t-x){.*: 'AC >c€-f,
(l+r) z" + z'l.z' = x f'* (ft' Dig, lr'n , 4u ,lrr o"da N C ) ( ErJ
c) Rnl ol .rona (Er) I
r [Link] l't'1uatr,'sn hotno g<na a440ct'ti ^-(E)
rz' z" = -2x z' e
(,t+l) z" = €-1r - -z * L
4+x 't+x
lnla'!:-2x -+21, ll+zf +c = -zd +tnf t+xfz1e
zt = a ({+ r}*it* , 2€ rR
a en tatil,'<qr*t t^ ^lthodz dt trariatfon 4A k cone+atc
D'Jtcrnrr'nonl
poronr z, z ;;.; (r., #,-t' => z't = a' ('t+4oi-tt. 2 r({rfl'z{ 2I (r+x}t€-.'
 ^/!fu: -J.#^.
,l
(E1) deurcnF
x)L 1r + (i +x)g

r:Ifud,
+4,ker'l?
A=-fr7. r r+x)<
(
I

Dovrc zl= [-. - t + \( r* r12] c-zx

'* k (l* x;"1 f 1{'tr'
D'o i I

-{0, * t, *1) e-1' * lQ:

f fxz-{!x
Z: f * (r't'+ 6x +5) t +l i"+ kr
5nt z = [t (:xt+6t+s) + tf] drx* k2 , k3=
+, kr€R

Ftna{rmtnt, d,'aptit (l)

t=[nr(rtr+et+{) +lt' kL kg, k e tR.

APPlrgat;on 5 rntr'gre,r l'e'1. otion dr'pfJre",tirllt (r *xt) 2" * (o**)'1 ' - 4,tr = o (E)
0n po{cra t-: 'l+ x
o) Potont t: .r+ r ..:+ dt: dr. . Donc * = + et lute *= #
#* , * - rrT: lU,
b) (g ottwcnt ,,

E Rr'[Link] (f,) rn chtrehqnb 4,r{ 4oJw[,bna A< la{'orvnc 1=Vn

1lnt ,l' = n tn-{ i '1" = ( n-t) t'-r'
rrre Yr

n=!2
[€l) a"wtnl (rtn-t)+ h-4) t(=o (+ n(n-t)+n-11=o($
Do,,e =, Cn tt + c.t-t = c1 tt* (t*'t)2*
utr
F -- c, fii1.
adt - cr (r+x)z* t ctt,e. e tR '
't
d;f
Fr e re f ceo pro o,r{q
f
(, rnhr'g,rtr, l' <' [Link] 4,'ffe'rtrrt,.e lte
*tI"r4xt'+r'4= JnOnx)
0n shlrghgra /l{ <ol,rtrbn< ol. la $orm< ,.r = {^, qeZ .

R*'ponor :n=-{,ou*r*
n= -r ' ?;" +';'in'*r.ri1, jtr'homo7ir< o"ut,'.-l
'\EriJlr"(
V= + ' * -+,4, lge p- "
{$jIn(r*.)-*r
Intr'gte , l'o'1qation a;gE.'ri"Lrell., x (xt+r) ylf -tt x'*,),lt lzxrl : o

0n r;htrchera utn. {olufr'on polynonnicit d,l zn1, ry** .

Re'pon<. tX : {. [Link] gartr'culfirc
rz+
solutr'on a1 {qu< J^;".;';-.', = =(rott) -+ r(xL+r)z/-[ z(xl-r)z'=0.
. ^;;:';'*"{;*-*
:; i$;::,:^?[Link] il:;:il':"
c. E 0 rtcttr,onc d' Euter
xll"+orV'*brl : If($) Ott qgR, beR, rlgc+
{0lr
(o r ec€R+t61 xelo,r.o[.

App{icatttnl :
Ddtmmtner {es coluttonl dr l'e,luatron ct,€q&,r ,,
'i" - Sxrl' * 4t1: lnr- x,io +....* rly,,(r) -3trr,(r) * +Iu\
r't
[E) :" , = ln2_, ,cct0
o)Efifectuont lt chcngrmrnt ott trquqblt t: lnrt *=* *: e]
b)0n a
N(r): yt,lr-r)*V{t)
Donc 1'tr), [vtl'*)]'= Y'(tnr)'(lnr,)', I Y'({.rc)
I"(r) = vitt^*!'= v'lt^*) *i Y"(1"") 't = -SY'(lnt)**t Y"(lnt)
[t {r-
. (E) te tron(fo1v1q qn'
*. [-1'v;tr^*) *fu v"(lnr)]
({ v't{.il) * a Y(t"*): - 3* ln*

c.i.a y"(lnr) -qY'(lnrc) *eY(lnr): lntr arcc t: lnr

,cnu (€r): Y"(t) - +Y'(b)+tY(t) : t , Yt€R E1. D,ffdnnti(ilc l,hJ4dn 4u tdrndx,a=corgfrctintlrcrub,l
e) Rrloltono (Er)
.Solutton gdndrale otr. Itr'qqatron homogi'.e atcocitli (Er) 2 Y" -,rY'+ ,+Y = o
it =
0 (=, (t -r)l o C+ t
= = ;z (racdnr doubh)
oont Y, rt) : (er + tt) *t , ,r, cr€,R.
. Solntaon po
Yp(t): tn (al+ u)
0r n: o ca/ 4 = _0 nrcrt pe{ racinc dc .ttinoton caractr,n.s},.1rr
r
Donc yrttl b = a .t
q.t + ypr([)
= =* yprr(t)= o
(E1) 4eudent : o-4a +{(at+b) = t (=+ eqt $ 4b-{c: r * e fo: l4
/[:;., la. u+
D'oi yp (t)
= tt t : - l- (ttr)

1l +icnt : Y(t) : tr(t) * yr (t) : (e, rc.t) ett + (t+r)

f,
qurc t; lnr t ,!(xl: y(t)
rinc[vnrn1 (E) a pout tolutdon6 :
!: (., * q lnr) r, + f, (r+lnrc), crr cr € R.

4pp{r, cuii,cr12
lmtt'c1-"tr .:
V,,-*y,.* I= 1- l*r ,x70 (E
,12
"?rc'"[Link] el'Euler
.) Poconc r: et :*r(t: lnrc
--
{* = t/(r): .1 tnr ** =
rtr) :* = {, ,* *= "t
'o
b) fr^ .., tlt z dt# car *_= "-'
*=#,#- =
o ull-
(r-
+=*(*) =f(*) ^*=*(''#) dt
n" = (-u'# * dt S#)du : (1+ -#)r"
.c) Repo,utono I'-$'rr"r,,QEa,CCS, t: ln:t ol,an< (E).. 7l w'tnh :

urr,( ul,,_ rl,) e-rt_ "b ( {b rl,) * ? = 4-t

,1"- r%'* y= t-t(E,) Eq.Di96.4u zd grdn lr*',;l i cocffrcrr nt< rco nltaata .

a) R"'l ohrona (Er)

1 E1 natdon l,io-ogt-D{ i;-a

rr{4 Oct'ee [Er) i
X"-z,,l'*V=o
r Equalr:gn .o..i.'.,.ri1uc(E}.ta - l't, t { : o G+ (ry- 0t t+ t:{ tw,inc- A"qblc

r Donc lq oolutior. gJ,J*lc. tc lli. ho-ogc-nc a4{gci*i,i ( Fr) lnt :

Y-= lcrt + c.) c,t,c2€ R
"t,
.
:
x
r 5o'l,utfon pat,cnlr'irt dc (E,) <ou< la {orm'c , Y, q +b I cae o n'<ot yao prcinc a.(8)

Unc: fi=.t i 7'r'=o

(Er1 e> o -ib + bb : 'l- h e> lo-2b: I 14=
-r
* tb='{
U:-t I
Donc Xf -l-t i

La ioluFr,'on getndrnt. dt(E,) sat ,

1= XX*Yr = (.,0 + er).t-t-t r t: /r.r

Fr'nalrmtnl {a tolutr,'on ginir"lf,t, (Q-j.b