A P P E N D I X A

Isentropic Flow Properties

p0 ρ0 T0 A
M
p ρ T A∗
0.2000 − 01 0.1000 + 01 0.1000 + 01 0.1000 + 01 0.2894 + 02
0.4000 − 01 0.1001 + 01 0.1001 + 01 0.1000 + 01 0.1448 + 02
0.6000 − 01 0.1003 + 01 0.1002 + 01 0.1001 + 01 0.9666 + 01
0.8000 − 01 0.1004 + 01 0.1003 + 01 0.1001 + 01 0.7262 + 01
0.1000 + 00 0.1007 + 01 0.1005 + 01 0.1002 + 01 0.5822 + 01
0.1200 + 00 0.1010 + 01 0.1007 + 01 0.1003 + 01 0.4864 + 01
0.1400 + 00 0.1014 + 01 0.1010 + 01 0.1004 + 01 0.4182 + 01
0.1600 + 00 0.1018 + 01 0.1013 + 01 0.1005 + 01 0.3673 + 01
0.1800 + 00 0.1023 + 01 0.1016 + 01 0.1006 + 01 0.3278 + 01
0.2000 + 00 0.1028 + 01 0.1020 + 01 0.1008 + 01 0.2964 + 01
0.2200 + 00 0.1034 + 01 0.1024 + 01 0.1010 + 01 0.2708 + 01
0.2400 + 00 0.1041 + 01 0.1029 + 01 0.1012 + 01 0.2496 + 01
0.2600 + 00 0.1048 + 01 0.1034 + 01 0.1014 + 01 0.2317 + 01
0.2800 + 00 0.1056 + 01 0.1040 + 01 0.1016 + 01 0.2166 + 01
0.3000 + 00 0.1064 + 01 0.1046 + 01 0.1018 + 01 0.2035 + 01
0.3200 + 00 0.1074 + 01 0.1052 + 01 0.1020 + 01 0.1922 + 01
0.3400 + 00 0.1083 + 01 0.1059 + 01 0.1023 + 01 0.1823 + 01
0.3600 + 00 0.1094 + 01 0.1066 + 01 0.1026 + 01 0.1736 + 01
0.3800 + 00 0.1105 + 01 0.1074 + 01 0.1029 + 01 0.1659 + 01
0.4000 + 00 0.1117 + 01 0.1082 + 01 0.1032 + 01 0.1590 + 01
0.4200 + 00 0.1129 + 01 0.1091 + 01 0.1035 + 01 0.1529 + 01
0.4400 + 00 0.1142 + 01 0.1100 + 01 0.1039 + 01 0.1474 + 01
0.4600 + 00 0.1156 + 01 0.1109 + 01 0.1042 + 01 0.1425 + 01
0.4800 + 00 0.1171 + 01 0.1119 + 01 0.1046 + 01 0.1380 + 01
0.5000 + 00 0.1186 + 01 0.1130 + 01 0.1050 + 01 0.1340 + 01
0.5200 + 00 0.1202 + 01 0.1141 + 01 0.1054 + 01 0.1303 + 01
0.5400 + 00 0.1219 + 01 0.1152 + 01 0.1058 + 01 0.1270 + 01
0.5600 + 00 0.1237 + 01 0.1164 + 01 0.1063 + 01 0.1240 + 01
0.5800 + 00 0.1256 + 01 0.1177 + 01 0.1067 + 01 0.1213 + 01
0.6000 + 00 0.1276 + 01 0.1190 + 01 0.1072 + 01 0.1188 + 01

1079
1080 Appendix A Isentropic Flow Properties

p0 ρ0 T0 A
M
p ρ T A∗
0.6200 + 00 0.1296 + 01 0.1203 + 01 0.1077 + 01 0.1166 + 01
0.6400 + 00 0.1317 + 01 0.1218 + 01 0.1082 + 01 0.1145 + 01
0.6600 + 00 0.1340 + 01 0.1232 + 01 0.1087 + 01 0.1127 + 01
0.6800 + 00 0.1363 + 01 0.1247 + 01 0.1092 + 01 0.1110 + 01
0.7000 + 00 0.1387 + 01 0.1263 + 01 0.1098 + 01 0.1094 + 01
0.7200 + 00 0.1412 + 01 0.1280 + 01 0.1104 + 01 0.1081 + 01
0.7400 + 00 0.1439 + 01 0.1297 + 01 0.1110 + 01 0.1068 + 01
0.7600 + 00 0.1466 + 01 0.1314 + 01 0.1116 + 01 0.1057 + 01
0.7800 + 00 0.1495 + 01 0.1333 + 01 0.1122 + 01 0.1047 + 01
0.8000 + 00 0.1524 + 01 0.1351 + 01 0.1128 + 01 0.1038 + 01
0.8200 + 00 0.1555 + 01 0.1371 + 01 0.1134 + 01 0.1030 + 01
0.8400 + 00 0.1587 + 01 0.1391 + 01 0.1141 + 01 0.1024 + 01
0.8600 + 00 0.1621 + 01 0.1412 + 01 0.1148 + 01 0.1018 + 01
0.8800 + 00 0.1655 + 01 0.1433 + 01 0.1155 + 01 0.1013 + 01
0.9000 + 00 0.1691 + 01 0.1456 + 01 0.1162 + 01 0.1009 + 01
0.9200 + 00 0.1729 + 01 0.1478 + 01 0.1169 + 01 0.1006 + 01
0.9400 + 00 0.1767 + 01 0.1502 + 01 0.1177 + 01 0.1003 + 01
0.9600 + 00 0.1808 + 01 0.1526 + 01 0.1184 + 01 0.1001 + 01
0.9800 + 00 0.1850 + 01 0.1552 + 01 0.1192 + 01 0.1000 + 01
0.1000 + 01 0.1893 + 01 0.1577 + 01 0.1200 + 01 0.1000 + 01
0.1020 + 01 0.1938 + 01 0.1604 + 01 0.1208 + 01 0.1000 + 01
0.1040 + 01 0.1985 + 01 0.1632 + 01 0.1216 + 01 0.1001 + 01
0.1060 + 01 0.2033 + 01 0.1660 + 01 0.1225 + 01 0.1003 + 01
0.1080 + 01 0.2083 + 01 0.1689 + 01 0.1233 + 01 0.1005 + 01
0.1100 + 01 0.2135 + 01 0.1719 + 01 0.1242 + 01 0.1008 + 01
0.1120 + 01 0.2189 + 01 0.1750 + 01 0.1251 + 01 0.1011 + 01
0.1140 + 01 0.2245 + 01 0.1782 + 01 0.1260 + 01 0.1015 + 01
0.1160 + 01 0.2303 + 01 0.1814 + 01 0.1269 + 01 0.1020 + 01
0.1180 + 01 0.2363 + 01 0.1848 + 01 0.1278 + 01 0.1025 + 01
0.1200 + 01 0.2425 + 01 0.1883 + 01 0.1288 + 01 0.1030 + 01
0.1220 + 01 0.2489 + 01 0.1918 + 01 0.1298 + 01 0.1037 + 01
0.1240 + 01 0.2556 + 01 0.1955 + 01 0.1308 + 01 0.1043 + 01
0.1260 + 01 0.2625 + 01 0.1992 + 01 0.1318 + 01 0.1050 + 01
0.1280 + 01 0.2697 + 01 0.2031 + 01 0.1328 + 01 0.1058 + 01
0.1300 + 01 0.2771 + 01 0.2071 + 01 0.1338 + 01 0.1066 + 01
0.1320 + 01 0.2847 + 01 0.2112 + 01 0.1348 + 01 0.1075 + 01
0.1340 + 01 0.2927 + 01 0.2153 + 01 0.1359 + 01 0.1084 + 01
0.1360 + 01 0.3009 + 01 0.2197 + 01 0.1370 + 01 0.1094 + 01
0.1380 + 01 0.3094 + 01 0.2241 + 01 0.1381 + 01 0.1104 + 01
0.1400 + 01 0.3182 + 01 0.2286 + 01 0.1392 + 01 0.1115 + 01
0.1420 + 01 0.3273 + 01 0.2333 + 01 0.1403 + 01 0.1126 + 01
0.1440 + 01 0.3368 + 01 0.2381 + 01 0.1415 + 01 0.1138 + 01
0.1460 + 01 0.3465 + 01 0.2430 + 01 0.1426 + 01 0.1150 + 01
0.1480 + 01 0.3566 + 01 0.2480 + 01 0.1438 + 01 0.1163 + 01
0.1500 + 01 0.3671 + 01 0.2532 + 01 0.1450 + 01 0.1176 + 01
0.1520 + 01 0.3779 + 01 0.2585 + 01 0.1462 + 01 0.1190 + 01
0.1540 + 01 0.3891 + 01 0.2639 + 01 0.1474 + 01 0.1204 + 01
0.1560 + 01 0.4007 + 01 0.2695 + 01 0.1487 + 01 0.1219 + 01
0.1580 + 01 0.4127 + 01 0.2752 + 01 0.1499 + 01 0.1234 + 01
0.1600 + 01 0.4250 + 01 0.2811 + 01 0.1512 + 01 0.1250 + 01
 Appendix A Isentropic Flow Properties 1081

p0 ρ0 T0 A
M
p ρ T A∗
0.1620 + 01 0.4378 + 01 0.2871 + 01 0.1525 + 01 0.1267 + 01
0.1640 + 01 0.4511 + 01 0.2933 + 01 0.1538 + 01 0.1284 + 01
0.1660 + 01 0.4648 + 01 0.2996 + 01 0.1551 + 01 0.1301 + 01
0.1680 + 01 0.4790 + 01 0.3061 + 01 0.1564 + 01 0.1319 + 01
0.1700 + 01 0.4936 + 01 0.3128 + 01 0.1578 + 01 0.1338 + 01
0.1720 + 01 0.5087 + 01 0.3196 + 01 0.1592 + 01 0.1357 + 01
0.1740 + 01 0.5244 + 01 0.3266 + 01 0.1606 + 01 0.1376 + 01
0.1760 + 01 0.5406 + 01 0.3338 + 01 0.1620 + 01 0.1397 + 01
0.1780 + 01 0.5573 + 01 0.3411 + 01 0.1634 + 01 0.1418 + 01
0.1800 + 01 0.5746 + 01 0.3487 + 01 0.1648 + 01 0.1439 + 01
0.1820 + 01 0.5924 + 01 0.3564 + 01 0.1662 + 01 0.1461 + 01
0.1840 + 01 0.6109 + 01 0.3643 + 01 0.1677 + 01 0.1484 + 01
0.1860 + 01 0.6300 + 01 0.3723 + 01 0.1692 + 01 0.1507 + 01
0.1880 + 01 0.6497 + 01 0.3806 + 01 0.1707 + 01 0.1531 + 01
0.1900 + 01 0.6701 + 01 0.3891 + 01 0.1722 + 01 0.1555 + 01
0.1920 + 01 0.6911 + 01 0.3978 + 01 0.1737 + 01 0.1580 + 01
0.1940 + 01 0.7128 + 01 0.4067 + 01 0.1753 + 01 0.1606 + 01
0.1960 + 01 0.7353 + 01 0.4158 + 01 0.1768 + 01 0.1633 + 01
0.1980 + 01 0.7585 + 01 0.4251 + 01 0.1784 + 01 0.1660 + 01
0.2000 + 01 0.7824 + 01 0.4347 + 01 0.1800 + 01 0.1687 + 01
0.2050 + 01 0.8458 + 01 0.4596 + 01 0.1840 + 01 0.1760 + 01
0.2100 + 01 0.9145 + 01 0.4859 + 01 0.1882 + 01 0.1837 + 01
0.2150 + 01 0.9888 + 01 0.5138 + 01 0.1924 + 01 0.1919 + 01
0.2200 + 01 0.1069 + 02 0.5433 + 01 0.1968 + 01 0.2005 + 01
0.2250 + 01 0.1156 + 02 0.5746 + 01 0.2012 + 01 0.2096 + 01
0.2300 + 01 0.1250 + 02 0.6076 + 01 0.2058 + 01 0.2193 + 01
0.2350 + 01 0.1352 + 02 0.6425 + 01 0.2104 + 01 0.2295 + 01
0.2400 + 01 0.1462 + 02 0.6794 + 01 0.2152 + 01 0.2403 + 01
0.2450 + 01 0.1581 + 02 0.7183 + 01 0.2200 + 01 0.2517 + 01
0.2500 + 01 0.1709 + 02 0.7594 + 01 0.2250 + 01 0.2637 + 01
0.2550 + 01 0.1847 + 02 0.8027 + 01 0.2300 + 01 0.2763 + 01
0.2600 + 01 0.1995 + 02 0.8484 + 01 0.2352 + 01 0.2896 + 01
0.2650 + 01 0.2156 + 02 0.8965 + 01 0.2404 + 01 0.3036 + 01
0.2700 + 01 0.2328 + 02 0.9472 + 01 0.2458 + 01 0.3183 + 01
0.2750 + 01 0.2514 + 02 0.1001 + 02 0.2512 + 01 0.3338 + 01
0.2800 + 01 0.2714 + 02 0.1057 + 02 0.2568 + 01 0.3500 + 01
0.2850 + 01 0.2929 + 02 0.1116 + 02 0.2624 + 01 0.3671 + 01
0.2900 + 01 0.3159 + 02 0.1178 + 02 0.2682 + 01 0.3850 + 01
0.2950 + 01 0.3407 + 02 0.1243 + 02 0.2740 + 01 0.4038 + 01
0.3000 + 01 0.3673 + 02 0.1312 + 02 0.2800 + 01 0.4235 + 01
0.3050 + 01 0.3959 + 02 0.1384 + 02 0.2860 + 01 0.4441 + 01
0.3100 + 01 0.4265 + 02 0.1459 + 02 0.2922 + 01 0.4657 + 01
0.3150 + 01 0.4593 + 02 0.1539 + 02 0.2984 + 01 0.4884 + 01
0.3200 + 01 0.4944 + 02 0.1622 + 02 0.3048 + 01 0.5121 + 01
0.3250 + 01 0.5320 + 02 0.1709 + 02 0.3112 + 01 0.5369 + 01
0.3300 + 01 0.5722 + 02 0.1800 + 02 0.3178 + 01 0.5629 + 01
0.3350 + 01 0.6152 + 02 0.1896 + 02 0.3244 + 01 0.5900 + 01
0.3400 + 01 0.6612 + 02 0.1996 + 02 0.3312 + 01 0.6184 + 01
0.3450 + 01 0.7103 + 02 0.2101 + 02 0.3380 + 01 0.6480 + 01
0.3500 + 01 0.7627 + 02 0.2211 + 02 0.3450 + 01 0.6790 + 01
1082 Appendix A Isentropic Flow Properties

p0 ρ0 T0 A
M
p ρ T A∗
0.3550 + 01 0.8187 + 02 0.2325 + 02 0.3520 + 01 0.7113 + 01
0.3600 + 01 0.8784 + 02 0.2445 + 02 0.3592 + 01 0.7450 + 01
0.3650 + 01 0.9420 + 02 0.2571 + 02 0.3664 + 01 0.7802 + 01
0.3700 + 01 0.1010 + 03 0.2701 + 02 0.3738 + 01 0.8169 + 01
0.3750 + 01 0.1082 + 03 0.2838 + 02 0.3812 + 01 0.8552 + 01
0.3800 + 01 0.1159 + 03 0.2981 + 02 0.3888 + 01 0.8951 + 01
0.3850 + 01 0.1241 + 03 0.3129 + 02 0.3964 + 01 0.9366 + 01
0.3900 + 01 0.1328 + 03 0.3285 + 02 0.4042 + 01 0.9799 + 01
0.3950 + 01 0.1420 + 03 0.3446 + 02 0.4120 + 01 0.1025 + 02
0.4000 + 01 0.1518 + 03 0.3615 + 02 0.4200 + 01 0.1072 + 02
0.4050 + 01 0.1623 + 03 0.3791 + 02 0.4280 + 01 0.1121 + 02
0.4100 + 01 0.1733 + 03 0.3974 + 02 0.4362 + 01 0.1171 + 02
0.4150 + 01 0.1851 + 03 0.4164 + 02 0.4444 + 01 0.1224 + 02
0.4200 + 01 0.1975 + 03 0.4363 + 02 0.4528 + 01 0.1279 + 02
0.4250 + 01 0.2108 + 03 0.4569 + 02 0.4612 + 01 0.1336 + 02
0.4300 + 01 0.2247 + 03 0.4784 + 02 0.4698 + 01 0.1395 + 02
0.4350 + 01 0.2396 + 03 0.5007 + 02 0.4784 + 01 0.1457 + 02
0.4400 + 01 0.2553 + 03 0.5239 + 02 0.4872 + 01 0.1521 + 02
0.4450 + 01 0.2719 + 03 0.5480 + 02 0.4960 + 01 0.1587 + 02
0.4500 + 01 0.2894 + 03 0.5731 + 02 0.5050 + 01 0.1656 + 02
0.4550 + 01 0.3080 + 03 0.5991 + 02 0.5140 + 01 0.1728 + 02
0.4600 + 01 0.3276 + 03 0.6261 + 02 0.5232 + 01 0.1802 + 02
0.4650 + 01 0.3483 + 03 0.6542 + 02 0.5324 + 01 0.1879 + 02
0.4700 + 01 0.3702 + 03 0.6833 + 02 0.5418 + 01 0.1958 + 02
0.4750 + 01 0.3933 + 03 0.7135 + 02 0.5512 + 01 0.2041 + 02
0.4800 + 01 0.4177 + 03 0.7448 + 02 0.5608 + 01 0.2126 + 02
0.4850 + 01 0.4434 + 03 0.7772 + 02 0.5704 + 01 0.2215 + 02
0.4900 + 01 0.4705 + 03 0.8109 + 02 0.5802 + 01 0.2307 + 02
0.4950 + 01 0.4990 + 03 0.8457 + 02 0.5900 + 01 0.2402 + 02
0.5000 + 01 0.5291 + 03 0.8818 + 02 0.6000 + 01 0.2500 + 02
0.5100 + 01 0.5941 + 03 0.9579 + 02 0.6202 + 01 0.2707 + 02
0.5200 + 01 0.6661 + 03 0.1039 + 03 0.6408 + 01 0.2928 + 02
0.5300 + 01 0.7457 + 03 0.1127 + 03 0.6618 + 01 0.3165 + 02
0.5400 + 01 0.8335 + 03 0.1220 + 03 0.6832 + 01 0.3417 + 02
0.5500 + 01 0.9304 + 03 0.1320 + 03 0.7050 + 01 0.3687 + 02
0.5600 + 01 0.1037 + 04 0.1426 + 03 0.7272 + 01 0.3974 + 02
0.5700 + 01 0.1154 + 04 0.1539 + 03 0.7498 + 01 0.4280 + 02
0.5800 + 01 0.1283 + 04 0.1660 + 03 0.7728 + 01 0.4605 + 02
0.5900 + 01 0.1424 + 04 0.1789 + 03 0.7962 + 01 0.4951 + 02
0.6000 + 01 0.1579 + 04 0.1925 + 03 0.8200 + 01 0.5318 + 02
0.6100 + 01 0.1748 + 04 0.2071 + 03 0.8442 + 01 0.5708 + 02
0.6200 + 01 0.1933 + 04 0.2225 + 03 0.8688 + 01 0.6121 + 02
0.6300 + 01 0.2135 + 04 0.2388 + 03 0.8938 + 01 0.6559 + 02
0.6400 + 01 0.2355 + 04 0.2562 + 03 0.9192 + 01 0.7023 + 02
0.6500 + 01 0.2594 + 04 0.2745 + 03 0.9450 + 01 0.7513 + 02
0.6600 + 01 0.2855 + 04 0.2939 + 03 0.9712 + 01 0.8032 + 02
0.6700 + 01 0.3138 + 04 0.3145 + 03 0.9978 + 01 0.8580 + 02
0.6800 + 01 0.3445 + 04 0.3362 + 03 0.1025 + 02 0.9159 + 02
0.6900 + 01 0.3779 + 04 0.3591 + 03 0.1052 + 02 0.9770 + 02
0.7000 + 01 0.4140 + 04 0.3833 + 03 0.1080 + 02 0.1041 + 03
 Appendix A Isentropic Flow Properties 1083

p0 ρ0 T0 A
M
p ρ T A∗
0.7100 + 01 0.4531 + 04 0.4088 + 03 0.1108 + 02 0.1109 + 03
0.7200 + 01 0.4953 + 04 0.4357 + 03 0.1137 + 02 0.1181 + 03
0.7300 + 01 0.5410 + 04 0.4640 + 03 0.1166 + 02 0.1256 + 03
0.7400 + 01 0.5903 + 04 0.4939 + 03 0.1195 + 02 0.1335 + 03
0.7500 + 01 0.6434 + 04 0.5252 + 03 0.1225 + 02 0.1418 + 03
0.7600 + 01 0.7006 + 04 0.5582 + 03 0.1255 + 02 0.1506 + 03
0.7700 + 01 0.7623 + 04 0.5928 + 03 0.1286 + 02 0.1598 + 03
0.7800 + 01 0.8285 + 04 0.6292 + 03 0.1317 + 02 0.1694 + 03
0.7900 + 01 0.8998 + 04 0.6674 + 03 0.1348 + 02 0.1795 + 03
0.8000 + 01 0.9763 + 04 0.7075 + 03 0.1380 + 02 0.1901 + 03
0.9000 + 01 0.2110 + 05 0.1227 + 04 0.1720 + 02 0.3272 + 03
0.1000 + 02 0.4244 + 05 0.2021 + 04 0.2100 + 02 0.5359 + 03
0.1100 + 02 0.8033 + 05 0.3188 + 04 0.2520 + 02 0.8419 + 03
0.1200 + 02 0.1445 + 06 0.4848 + 04 0.2980 + 02 0.1276 + 04
0.1300 + 02 0.2486 + 06 0.7144 + 04 0.3480 + 02 0.1876 + 04
0.1400 + 02 0.4119 + 06 0.1025 + 05 0.4020 + 02 0.2685 + 04
0.1500 + 02 0.6602 + 06 0.1435 + 05 0.4600 + 02 0.3755 + 04
0.1600 + 02 0.1028 + 07 0.1969 + 05 0.5229 + 02 0.5145 + 04
0.1700 + 02 0.1559 + 07 0.2651 + 05 0.5880 + 02 0.6921 + 04
0.1800 + 02 0.2311 + 07 0.3512 + 05 0.6580 + 02 0.9159 + 04
0.1900 + 02 0.3356 + 07 0.4584 + 05 0.7320 + 02 0.1195 + 05
0.2000 + 02 0.4783 + 07 0.5905 + 05 0.8100 + 02 0.1538 + 05
0.2200 + 02 0.9251 + 07 0.9459 + 05 0.9780 + 02 0.2461 + 05
0.2400 + 02 0.1691 + 08 0.1456 + 06 0.1162 + 03 0.3783 + 05
0.2600 + 02 0.2949 + 08 0.2165 + 06 0.1362 + 03 0.5624 + 05
0.2800 + 02 0.4936 + 08 0.3128 + 06 0.1578 + 03 0.8121 + 05
0.3000 + 02 0.7978 + 08 0.4408 + 06 0.1810 + 03 0.1144 + 06
0.3200 + 02 0.1250 + 09 0.6076 + 06 0.2058 + 03 0.1576 + 06
0.3400 + 02 0.1908 + 09 0.8216 + 06 0.2322 + 03 0.2131 + 06
0.3600 + 02 0.2842 + 09 0.1092 + 07 0.2602 + 03 0.2832 + 06
0.3800 + 02 0.4143 + 09 0.1430 + 07 0.2898 + 03 0.3707 + 06
0.4000 + 02 0.5926 + 09 0.1846 + 07 0.3210 + 03 0.4785 + 06
0.4200 + 02 0.8330 + 09 0.2354 + 07 0.3538 + 03 0.6102 + 06
0.4400 + 02 0.1153 + 10 0.2969 + 07 0.3882 + 03 0.7694 + 06
0.4600 + 02 0.1572 + 10 0.3706 + 07 0.4242 + 03 0.9603 + 06
0.4800 + 02 0.2116 + 10 0.4583 + 07 0.4618 + 03 0.1187 + 07
0.5000 + 02 0.2815 + 10 0.5618 + 07 0.5010 + 03 0.1455 + 07
 A P P E N D I X B
Normal Shock Properties

p2 ρ2 T2 p02 p02
M M2
p1 ρ1 T1 p01 p1
0.1000 + 01 0.1000 + 01 0.1000 + 01 0.1000 + 01 0.1000 + 01 0.1893 + 01 0.1000 + 01
0.1020 + 01 0.1047 + 01 0.1033 + 01 0.1013 + 01 0.1000 + 01 0.1938 + 01 0.9805 + 00
0.1040 + 01 0.1095 + 01 0.1067 + 01 0.1026 + 01 0.9999 + 00 0.1984 + 01 0.9620 + 00
0.1060 + 01 0.1144 + 01 0.1101 + 01 0.1039 + 01 0.9998 + 00 0.2032 + 01 0.9444 + 00
0.1080 + 01 0.1194 + 01 0.1135 + 01 0.1052 + 01 0.9994 + 01 0.2082 + 01 0.9277 + 00
0.1100 + 01 0.1245 + 01 0.1169 + 01 0.1065 + 01 0.9989 + 00 0.2133 + 01 0.9118 + 00
0.1120 + 01 0.1297 + 01 0.1203 + 01 0.1078 + 01 0.9982 + 00 0.2185 + 01 0.8966 + 00
0.1140 + 01 0.1350 + 01 0.1238 + 01 0.1090 + 01 0.9973 + 00 0.2239 + 01 0.8820 + 00
0.1160 + 01 0.1403 + 01 0.1272 + 01 0.1103 + 01 0.9961 + 00 0.2294 + 01 0.8682 + 00
0.1180 + 01 0.1458 + 01 0.1307 + 01 0.1115 + 01 0.9946 + 00 0.2350 + 01 0.8549 + 00
0.1200 + 01 0.1513 + 01 0.1342 + 01 0.1128 + 01 0.9928 + 00 0.2408 + 01 0.8422 + 00
0.1220 + 01 0.1570 + 01 0.1376 + 01 0.1141 + 01 0.9907 + 00 0.2466 + 01 0.8300 + 00
0.1240 + 01 0.1627 + 01 0.1411 + 01 0.1153 + 01 0.9884 + 00 0.2526 + 01 0.8183 + 00
0.1260 + 01 0.1686 + 01 0.1446 + 01 0.1166 + 01 0.9857 + 00 0.2588 + 01 0.8071 + 00
0.1280 + 01 0.1745 + 01 0.1481 + 01 0.1178 + 01 0.9827 + 00 0.2650 + 01 0.7963 + 00
0.1300 + 01 0.1805 + 01 0.1516 + 01 0.1191 + 01 0.9794 + 00 0.2714 + 01 0.7860 + 00
0.1320 + 01 0.1866 + 01 0.1551 + 01 0.1204 + 01 0.9758 + 00 0.2778 + 01 0.7760 + 00
0.1340 + 01 0.1928 + 01 0.1585 + 01 0.1216 + 01 0.9718 + 00 0.2844 + 01 0.7664 + 00
0.1360 + 01 0.1991 + 01 0.1620 + 01 0.1229 + 01 0.9676 + 00 0.2912 + 01 0.7572 + 00
0.1380 + 01 0.2055 + 01 0.1655 + 01 0.1242 + 01 0.9630 + 00 0.2980 + 01 0.7483 + 00
0.1400 + 01 0.2120 + 01 0.1690 + 01 0.1255 + 01 0.9582 + 00 0.3049 + 01 0.7397 + 00
0.1420 + 01 0.2186 + 01 0.1724 + 01 0.1268 + 01 0.9531 + 00 0.3120 + 01 0.7314 + 00
0.1440 + 01 0.2253 + 01 0.1759 + 01 0.1281 + 01 0.9476 + 00 0.3191 + 01 0.7235 + 00
0.1460 + 01 0.2320 + 01 0.1793 + 01 0.1294 + 01 0.9420 + 00 0.3264 + 01 0.7157 + 00
0.1480 + 01 0.2389 + 01 0.1828 + 01 0.1307 + 01 0.9360 + 00 0.3338 + 01 0.7083 + 00
0.1500 + 01 0.2458 + 01 0.1862 + 01 0.1320 + 01 0.9298 + 00 0.3413 + 01 0.7011 + 00
0.1520 + 01 0.2529 + 01 0.1896 + 01 0.1334 + 01 0.9233 + 00 0.3489 + 01 0.6941 + 00
0.1540 + 01 0.2600 + 01 0.1930 + 01 0.1347 + 01 0.9166 + 00 0.3567 + 01 0.6874 + 00
0.1560 + 01 0.2673 + 01 0.1964 + 01 0.1361 + 01 0.9097 + 00 0.3645 + 01 0.6809 + 00
0.1580 + 01 0.2746 + 01 0.1998 + 01 0.1374 + 01 0.9026 + 00 0.3724 + 01 0.6746 + 00

1085
1086 Appendix B Normal Shock Properties

p2 ρ2 T2 p02 p02
M M2
p1 ρ1 T1 p01 p1
0.1600 + 01 0.2820 + 01 0.2032 + 01 0.1388 + 01 0.8952 + 00 0.3805 + 01 0.6684 + 00
0.1620 + 01 0.2895 + 01 0.2065 + 01 0.1402 + 01 0.8877 + 00 0.3887 + 01 0.6625 + 00
0.1640 + 01 0.2971 + 01 0.2099 + 01 0.1416 + 01 0.8799 + 00 0.3969 + 01 0.6568 + 00
0.1660 + 01 0.3048 + 01 0.2132 + 01 0.1430 + 01 0.8720 + 00 0.4053 + 01 0.6512 + 00
0.1680 + 01 0.3126 + 01 0.2165 + 01 0.1444 + 01 0.8639 + 00 0.4138 + 01 0.6458 + 00
0.1700 + 01 0.3205 + 01 0.2198 + 01 0.1458 + 01 0.8557 + 00 0.4224 + 01 0.6405 + 00
0.1720 + 01 0.3285 + 01 0.2230 + 01 0.1473 + 01 0.8474 + 00 0.4311 + 01 0.6355 + 00
0.1740 + 01 0.3366 + 01 0.2263 + 01 0.1487 + 01 0.8389 + 00 0.4399 + 01 0.6305 + 00
0.1760 + 01 0.3447 + 01 0.2295 + 01 0.1502 + 01 0.8302 + 00 0.4488 + 01 0.6257 + 00
0.1780 + 01 0.3530 + 01 0.2327 + 01 0.1517 + 01 0.8215 + 00 0.4578 + 01 0.6210 + 00
0.1800 + 01 0.3613 + 01 0.2359 + 01 0.1532 + 01 0.8127 + 00 0.4670 + 01 0.6165 + 00
0.1820 + 01 0.3698 + 01 0.2391 + 01 0.1547 + 01 0.8038 + 00 0.4762 + 01 0.6121 + 00
0.1840 + 01 0.3783 + 01 0.2422 + 01 0.1562 + 01 0.7948 + 00 0.4855 + 01 0.6078 + 00
0.1860 + 01 0.3870 + 01 0.2454 + 01 0.1577 + 01 0.7857 + 00 0.4950 + 01 0.6036 + 00
0.1880 + 01 0.3957 + 01 0.2485 + 01 0.1592 + 01 0.7765 + 00 0.5045 + 01 0.5996 + 00
0.1900 + 01 0.4045 + 01 0.2516 + 01 0.1608 + 01 0.7674 + 00 0.5142 + 01 0.5956 + 00
0.1920 + 01 0.4134 + 01 0.2546 + 01 0.1624 + 01 0.7581 + 00 0.5239 + 01 0.5918 + 00
0.1940 + 01 0.4224 + 01 0.2577 + 01 0.1639 + 01 0.7488 + 00 0.5338 + 01 0.5880 + 00
0.1960 + 01 0.4315 + 01 0.2607 + 01 0.1655 + 01 0.7395 + 00 0.5438 + 01 0.5844 + 00
0.1980 + 01 0.4407 + 01 0.2637 + 01 0.1671 + 01 0.7302 + 00 0.5539 + 01 0.5808 + 00
0.2000 + 01 0.4500 + 01 0.2667 + 01 0.1687 + 01 0.7209 + 00 0.5640 + 01 0.5774 + 00
0.2050 + 01 0.4736 + 01 0.2740 + 01 0.1729 + 01 0.6975 + 00 0.5900 + 01 0.5691 + 00
0.2100 + 01 0.4978 + 01 0.2812 + 01 0.1770 + 01 0.6742 + 00 0.6165 + 01 0.5613 + 00
0.2150 + 01 0.5226 + 01 0.2882 + 01 0.1813 + 01 0.6511 + 00 0.6438 + 01 0.5540 + 00
0.2200 + 01 0.5480 + 01 0.2951 + 01 0.1857 + 01 0.6281 + 00 0.6716 + 01 0.5471 + 00
0.2250 + 01 0.5740 + 01 0.3019 + 01 0.1901 + 01 0.6055 + 00 0.7002 + 01 0.5406 + 00
0.2300 + 01 0.6005 + 01 0.3085 + 01 0.1947 + 01 0.5833 + 00 0.7294 + 01 0.5344 + 00
0.2350 + 01 0.6276 + 01 0.3149 + 01 0.1993 + 01 0.5615 + 00 0.7592 + 01 0.5286 + 00
0.2400 + 01 0.6553 + 01 0.3212 + 01 0.2040 + 01 0.5401 + 00 0.7897 + 01 0.5231 + 00
0.2450 + 01 0.6836 + 01 0.3273 + 01 0.2088 + 01 0.5193 + 00 0.8208 + 01 0.5179 + 00
0.2500 + 01 0.7125 + 01 0.3333 + 01 0.2137 + 01 0.4990 + 00 0.8526 + 01 0.5130 + 00
0.2550 + 01 0.7420 + 01 0.3392 + 01 0.2187 + 01 0.4793 + 00 0.8850 + 01 0.5083 + 00
0.2600 + 01 0.7720 + 01 0.3449 + 01 0.2238 + 01 0.4601 + 00 0.9181 + 01 0.5039 + 00
0.2650 + 01 0.8026 + 01 0.3505 + 01 0.2290 + 01 0.4416 + 00 0.9519 + 01 0.4996 + 00
0.2700 + 01 0.8338 + 01 0.3559 + 01 0.2343 + 01 0.4236 + 00 0.9862 + 01 0.4956 + 00
0.2750 + 01 0.8656 + 01 0.3612 + 01 0.2397 + 01 0.4062 + 00 0.1021 + 02 0.4918 + 00
0.2800 + 01 0.8980 + 01 0.3664 + 01 0.2451 + 01 0.3895 + 00 0.1057 + 02 0.4882 + 00
0.2850 + 01 0.9310 + 01 0.3714 + 01 0.2507 + 01 0.3733 + 00 0.1093 + 02 0.4847 + 00
0.2900 + 01 0.9645 + 01 0.3763 + 01 0.2563 + 01 0.3577 + 00 0.1130 + 02 0.4814 + 00
0.2950 + 01 0.9986 + 01 0.3811 + 01 0.2621 + 01 0.3428 + 00 0.1168 + 02 0.4782 + 00
0.3000 + 01 0.1033 + 02 0.3857 + 01 0.2679 + 01 0.3283 + 00 0.1206 + 02 0.4752 + 00
0.3050 + 01 0.1069 + 02 0.3902 + 01 0.2738 + 01 0.3145 + 00 0.1245 + 02 0.4723 + 00
0.3100 + 01 0.1104 + 02 0.3947 + 01 0.2799 + 01 0.3012 + 00 0.1285 + 02 0.4695 + 00
0.3150 + 01 0.1141 + 02 0.3990 + 01 0.2860 + 01 0.2885 + 00 0.1325 + 02 0.4669 + 00
0.3200 + 01 0.1178 + 02 0.4031 + 01 0.2922 + 01 0.2762 + 00 0.1366 + 02 0.4643 + 00
0.3250 + 01 0.1216 + 02 0.4072 + 01 0.2985 + 01 0.2645 + 00 0.1407 + 02 0.4619 + 00
0.3300 + 01 0.1254 + 02 0.4112 + 01 0.3049 + 01 0.2533 + 00 0.1449 + 02 0.4596 + 00
0.3350 + 01 0.1293 + 02 0.4151 + 01 0.3114 + 01 0.2425 + 00 0.1492 + 02 0.4573 + 00
0.3400 + 01 0.1332 + 02 0.4188 + 01 0.3180 + 01 0.2322 + 00 0.1535 + 02 0.4552 + 00
0.3450 + 01 0.1372 + 02 0.4225 + 01 0.3247 + 01 0.2224 + 00 0.1579 + 02 0.4531 + 00
 Appendix B Normal Shock Properties 1087

p2 ρ2 T2 p02 p02
M M2
p1 ρ1 T1 p01 p1
0.3500 + 01 0.1412 + 02 0.4261 + 01 0.3315 + 01 0.2129 + 00 0.1624 + 02 0.4512 + 00
0.3550 + 01 0.1454 + 02 0.4296 + 01 0.3384 + 01 0.2039 + 00 0.1670 + 02 0.4492 + 00
0.3600 + 01 0.1495 + 02 0.4330 + 01 0.3454 + 01 0.1953 + 00 0.1716 + 02 0.4474 + 00
0.3650 + 01 0.1538 + 02 0.4363 + 01 0.3525 + 01 0.1871 + 00 0.1762 + 02 0.4456 + 00
0.3700 + 01 0.1580 + 02 0.4395 + 01 0.3596 + 01 0.1792 + 00 0.1810 + 02 0.4439 + 00
0.3750 + 01 0.1624 + 02 0.4426 + 01 0.3669 + 01 0.1717 + 00 0.1857 + 02 0.4423 + 00
0.3800 + 01 0.1668 + 02 0.4457 + 01 0.3743 + 01 0.1645 + 00 0.1906 + 02 0.4407 + 00
0.3850 + 01 0.1713 + 02 0.4487 + 01 0.3817 + 01 0.1576 + 00 0.1955 + 02 0.4392 + 00
0.3900 + 01 0.1758 + 02 0.4516 + 01 0.3893 + 01 0.1510 + 00 0.2005 + 02 0.4377 + 00
0.3950 + 01 0.1804 + 02 0.4544 + 01 0.3969 + 01 0.1448 + 00 0.2056 + 02 0.4363 + 00
0.4000 + 01 0.1850 + 02 0.4571 + 01 0.4047 + 01 0.1388 + 00 0.2107 + 02 0.4350 + 00
0.4050 + 01 0.1897 + 02 0.4598 + 01 0.4125 + 01 0.1330 + 00 0.2159 + 02 0.4336 + 00
0.4100 + 01 0.1944 + 02 0.4624 + 01 0.4205 + 01 0.1276 + 00 0.2211 + 02 0.4324 + 00
0.4150 + 01 0.1993 + 02 0.4650 + 01 0.4285 + 01 0.1223 + 00 0.2264 + 02 0.4311 + 00
0.4200 + 01 0.2041 + 02 0.4675 + 01 0.4367 + 01 0.1173 + 00 0.2318 + 02 0.4299 + 00
0.4250 + 01 0.2091 + 02 0.4699 + 01 0.4449 + 01 0.1126 + 00 0.2372 + 02 0.4288 + 00
0.4300 + 01 0.2140 + 02 0.4723 + 01 0.4532 + 01 0.1080 + 00 0.2427 + 02 0.4277 + 00
0.4350 + 01 0.2191 + 02 0.4746 + 01 0.4616 + 01 0.1036 + 00 0.2483 + 02 0.4266 + 00
0.4400 + 01 0.2242 + 02 0.4768 + 01 0.4702 + 01 0.9948 − 01 0.2539 + 02 0.4255 + 00
0.4450 + 01 0.2294 + 02 0.4790 + 01 0.4788 + 01 0.9550 − 01 0.2596 + 02 0.4245 + 00
0.4500 + 01 0.2346 + 02 0.4812 + 01 0.4875 + 01 0.9170 − 01 0.2654 + 02 0.4236 + 00
0.4550 + 01 0.2399 + 02 0.4833 + 01 0.4963 + 01 0.8806 − 01 0.2712 + 02 0.4226 + 00
0.4600 + 01 0.2452 + 02 0.4853 + 01 0.5052 + 01 0.8459 − 01 0.2771 + 02 0.4217 + 00
0.4650 + 01 0.2506 + 02 0.4873 + 01 0.5142 + 01 0.8126 − 01 0.2831 + 02 0.4208 + 00
0.4700 + 01 0.2560 + 02 0.4893 + 01 0.5233 + 01 0.7809 − 01 0.2891 + 02 0.4199 + 00
0.4750 + 01 0.2616 + 02 0.4912 + 01 0.5325 + 01 0.7505 − 01 0.2952 + 02 0.4191 + 00
0.4800 + 01 0.2671 + 02 0.4930 + 01 0.5418 + 01 0.7214 − 01 0.3013 + 02 0.4183 + 00
0.4850 + 01 0.2728 + 02 0.4948 + 01 0.5512 + 01 0.6936 − 01 0.3075 + 02 0.4175 + 00
0.4900 + 01 0.2784 + 02 0.4966 + 01 0.5607 + 01 0.6670 − 01 0.3138 + 02 0.4167 + 00
0.4950 + 01 0.2842 + 02 0.4983 + 01 0.5703 + 01 0.6415 − 01 0.3201 + 02 0.4160 + 00
0.5000 + 01 0.2900 + 02 0.5000 + 01 0.5800 + 01 0.6172 − 01 0.3265 + 02 0.4152 + 00
0.5100 + 01 0.3018 + 02 0.5033 + 01 0.5997 + 01 0.5715 − 01 0.3395 + 02 0.4138 + 00
0.5200 + 01 0.3138 + 02 0.5064 + 01 0.6197 + 01 0.5297 − 01 0.3528 + 02 0.4125 + 00
0.5300 + 01 0.3260 + 02 0.5093 + 01 0.6401 + 01 0.4913 − 01 0.3663 + 02 0.4113 + 00
0.5400 + 01 0.3385 + 02 0.5122 + 01 0.6610 + 01 0.4560 − 01 0.3801 + 02 0.4101 + 00
0.5500 + 01 0.3512 + 02 0.5149 + 01 0.6822 + 01 0.4236 − 01 0.3941 + 02 0.4090 + 00
0.5600 + 01 0.3642 + 02 0.5175 + 01 0.7038 + 01 0.3938 − 01 0.4084 + 02 0.4079 + 00
0.5700 + 01 0.3774 + 02 0.5200 + 01 0.7258 + 01 0.3664 − 01 0.4230 + 02 0.4069 + 00
0.5800 + 01 0.3908 + 02 0.5224 + 01 0.7481 + 01 0.3412 − 01 0.4378 + 02 0.4059 + 00
0.5900 + 01 0.4044 + 02 0.5246 + 01 0.7709 + 01 0.3180 − 01 0.4528 + 02 0.4050 + 00
0.6000 + 01 0.4183 + 02 0.5268 + 01 0.7941 + 01 0.2965 − 01 0.4682 + 02 0.4042 + 00
0.6100 + 01 0.4324 + 02 0.5289 + 01 0.8176 + 01 0.2767 − 01 0.4837 + 02 0.4033 + 00
0.6200 + 01 0.4468 + 02 0.5309 + 01 0.8415 + 01 0.2584 − 01 0.4996 + 02 0.4025 + 00
0.6300 + 01 0.4614 + 02 0.5329 + 01 0.8658 + 01 0.2416 − 01 0.5157 + 02 0.4018 + 00
0.6400 + 01 0.4762 + 02 0.5347 + 01 0.8905 + 01 0.2259 − 01 0.5320 + 02 0.4011 + 00
0.6500 + 01 0.4912 + 02 0.5365 + 01 0.9156 + 01 0.2115 − 01 0.5486 + 02 0.4004 + 00
0.6600 + 01 0.5065 + 02 0.5382 + 01 0.9411 + 01 0.1981 − 01 0.5655 + 02 0.3997 + 00
0.6700 + 01 0.5220 + 02 0.5399 + 01 0.9670 + 01 0.1857 − 01 0.5826 + 02 0.3991 + 00
0.6800 + 01 0.5378 + 02 0.5415 + 01 0.9933 + 01 0.1741 − 01 0.6000 + 02 0.3985 + 00
0.6900 + 01 0.5538 + 02 0.5430 + 01 0.1020 + 02 0.1635 − 01 0.6176 + 02 0.3979 + 00
1088 Appendix B Normal Shock Properties

p2 ρ2 T2 p02 p02
M M2
p1 ρ1 T1 p01 p1
0.7000 + 01 0.5700 + 02 0.5444 + 01 0.1047 + 02 0.1535 − 01 0.6355 + 02 0.3974 + 00
0.7100 + 01 0.5864 + 02 0.5459 + 01 0.1074 + 02 0.1443 − 01 0.6537 + 02 0.3968 + 00
0.7200 + 01 0.6031 + 02 0.5472 + 01 0.1102 + 02 0.1357 − 01 0.6721 + 02 0.3963 + 00
0.7300 + 01 0.6200 + 02 0.5485 + 01 0.1130 + 02 0.1277 − 01 0.6908 + 02 0.3958 + 00
0.7400 + 01 0.6372 + 02 0.5498 + 01 0.1159 + 02 0.1202 − 01 0.7097 + 02 0.3954 + 00
0.7500 + 01 0.6546 + 02 0.5510 + 01 0.1188 + 02 0.1133 − 01 0.7289 + 02 0.3949 + 00
0.7600 + 01 0.6722 + 02 0.5522 + 01 0.1217 + 02 0.1068 − 01 0.7483 + 02 0.3945 + 00
0.7700 + 01 0.6900 + 02 0.5533 + 01 0.1247 + 02 0.1008 − 01 0.7680 + 02 0.3941 + 00
0.7800 + 01 0.7081 + 02 0.5544 + 01 0.1277 + 02 0.9510 − 02 0.7880 + 02 0.3937 + 00
0.7900 + 01 0.7264 + 02 0.5555 + 01 0.1308 + 02 0.8982 − 02 0.8082 + 02 0.3933 + 00
0.8000 + 01 0.7450 + 02 0.5565 + 01 0.1339 + 02 0.8488 − 02 0.8287 + 02 0.3929 + 00
0.9000 + 01 0.9433 + 02 0.5651 + 01 0.1669 + 02 0.4964 − 02 0.1048 + 03 0.3898 + 00
0.1000 + 02 0.1165 + 03 0.5714 + 01 0.2039 + 02 0.3045 − 02 0.1292 + 03 0.3876 + 00
0.1100 + 02 0.1410 + 03 0.5762 + 01 0.2447 + 02 0.1945 − 02 0.1563 + 03 0.3859 + 00
0.1200 + 02 0.1678 + 03 0.5799 + 01 0.2894 + 02 0.1287 − 02 0.1859 + 03 0.3847 + 00
0.1300 + 02 0.1970 + 03 0.5828 + 01 0.3380 + 02 0.8771 − 03 0.2181 + 03 0.3837 + 00
0.1400 + 02 0.2285 + 03 0.5851 + 01 0.3905 + 02 0.6138 − 03 0.2528 + 03 0.3829 + 00
0.1500 + 02 0.2623 + 03 0.5870 + 01 0.4469 + 02 0.4395 − 03 0.2902 + 03 0.3823 + 00
0.1600 + 02 0.2985 + 03 0.5885 + 01 0.5072 + 02 0.3212 − 03 0.3301 + 03 0.3817 + 00
0.1700 + 02 0.3370 + 03 0.5898 + 01 0.5714 + 02 0.2390 − 03 0.3726 + 03 0.3813 + 00
0.1800 + 02 0.3778 + 03 0.5909 + 01 0.6394 + 02 0.1807 − 03 0.4176 + 03 0.3810 + 00
0.1900 + 02 0.4210 + 03 0.5918 + 01 0.7114 + 02 0.1386 − 03 0.4653 + 03 0.3806 + 00
0.2000 + 02 0.4665 + 03 0.5926 + 01 0.7872 + 02 0.1078 − 03 0.5155 + 03 0.3804 + 00
0.2200 + 02 0.5645 + 03 0.5939 + 01 0.9506 + 02 0.6741 − 04 0.6236 + 03 0.3800 + 00
0.2400 + 02 0.6718 + 03 0.5948 + 01 0.1129 + 03 0.4388 − 04 0.7421 + 03 0.3796 + 00
0.2600 + 02 0.7885 + 03 0.5956 + 01 0.1324 + 03 0.2953 − 04 0.8709 + 03 0.3794 + 00
0.2800 + 02 0.9145 + 03 0.5962 + 01 0.1534 + 03 0.2046 − 04 0.1010 + 04 0.3792 + 00
0.3000 + 02 0.1050 + 04 0.5967 + 01 0.1759 + 03 0.1453 − 04 0.1159 + 04 0.3790 + 00
0.3200 + 02 0.1194 + 04 0.5971 + 01 0.2001 + 03 0.1055 − 04 0.1319 + 04 0.3789 + 00
0.3400 + 02 0.1348 + 04 0.5974 + 01 0.2257 + 03 0.7804 − 05 0.1489 + 04 0.3788 + 00
0.3600 + 02 0.1512 + 04 0.5977 + 01 0.2529 + 03 0.5874 − 05 0.1669 + 04 0.3787 + 00
0.3800 + 02 0.1684 + 04 0.5979 + 01 0.2817 + 03 0.4488 − 05 0.1860 + 04 0.3786 + 00
0.4000 + 02 0.1866 + 04 0.5981 + 01 0.3121 + 03 0.3477 − 05 0.2061 + 04 0.3786 + 00
0.4200 + 02 0.2058 + 04 0.5983 + 01 0.3439 + 03 0.2727 − 05 0.2272 + 04 0.3785 + 00
0.4400 + 02 0.2258 + 04 0.5985 + 01 0.3774 + 03 0.2163 − 05 0.2493 + 04 0.3785 + 00
0.4600 + 02 0.2468 + 04 0.5986 + 01 0.4124 + 03 0.1733 − 05 0.2725 + 04 0.3784 + 00
0.4800 + 02 0.2688 + 04 0.5987 + 01 0.4489 + 03 0.1402 − 05 0.2967 + 04 0.3784 + 00
0.5000 + 02 0.2916 + 04 0.5988 + 01 0.4871 + 03 0.1144 − 05 0.3219 + 04 0.3784 + 00
 A P P E N D I X C
Prandtl-Meyer Function
and Mach Angle

M ν μ M ν μ
0.1000 + 01 0.0000 0.9000 + 02 0.1600 + 01 0.1486 + 02 0.3868 + 02
0.1020 + 01 0.1257 + 00 0.7864 + 02 0.1620 + 01 0.1545 + 02 0.3812 + 02
0.1040 + 01 0.3510 + 00 0.7406 + 02 0.1640 + 01 0.1604 + 02 0.3757 + 02
0.1060 + 01 0.6367 + 00 0.7063 + 02 0.1660 + 01 0.1663 + 02 0.3704 + 02
0.1080 + 01 0.9680 + 00 0.6781 + 02 0.1680 + 01 0.1722 + 02 0.3653 + 02
0.1100 + 01 0.1336 + 01 0.6538 + 02 0.1700 + 01 0.1781 + 02 0.3603 + 02
0.1120 + 01 0.1735 + 01 0.6323 + 02 0.1720 + 01 0.1840 + 02 0.3555 + 02
0.1140 + 01 0.2160 + 01 0.6131 + 02 0.1740 + 01 0.1898 + 02 0.3508 + 02
0.1160 + 01 0.2607 + 01 0.5955 + 02 0.1760 + 01 0.1956 + 02 0.3462 + 02
0.1180 + 01 0.3074 + 01 0.5794 + 02 0.1780 + 01 0.2015 + 02 0.3418 + 02
0.1200 + 01 0.3558 + 01 0.5644 + 02 0.1800 + 01 0.2073 + 02 0.3375 + 02
0.1220 + 01 0.4057 + 01 0.5505 + 02 0.1820 + 01 0.2130 + 02 0.3333 + 02
0.1240 + 01 0.4569 + 01 0.5375 + 02 0.1840 + 01 0.2188 + 02 0.3292 + 02
0.1260 + 01 0.5093 + 01 0.5253 + 02 0.1860 + 01 0.2245 + 02 0.3252 + 02
0.1280 + 01 0.5627 + 01 0.5138 + 02 0.1880 + 01 0.2302 + 02 0.3213 + 02
0.1300 + 01 0.6170 + 01 0.5028 + 02 0.1900 + 01 0.2359 + 02 0.3176 + 02
0.1320 + 01 0.6721 + 01 0.4925 + 02 0.1920 + 01 0.2415 + 02 0.3139 + 02
0.1340 + 01 0.7279 + 01 0.4827 + 02 0.1940 + 01 0.2471 + 02 0.3103 + 02
0.1360 + 01 0.7844 + 01 0.4733 + 02 0.1960 + 01 0.2527 + 02 0.3068 + 02
0.1380 + 01 0.8413 + 01 0.4644 + 02 0.1980 + 01 0.2583 + 02 0.3033 + 02
0.1400 + 01 0.8987 + 01 0.4558 + 02 0.2000 + 01 0.2638 + 02 0.3000 + 02
0.1420 + 01 0.9565 + 01 0.4477 + 02 0.2050 + 01 0.2775 + 02 0.2920 + 02
0.1440 + 01 0.1015 + 02 0.4398 + 02 0.2100 + 01 0.2910 + 02 0.2844 + 02
0.1460 + 01 0.1073 + 02 0.4323 + 02 0.2150 + 01 0.3043 + 02 0.2772 + 02
0.1480 + 01 0.1132 + 02 0.4251 + 02 0.2200 + 01 0.3173 + 02 0.2704 + 02
0.1500 + 01 0.1191 + 02 0.4181 + 02 0.2250 + 01 0.3302 + 02 0.2639 + 02
0.1520 + 01 0.1249 + 02 0.4114 + 02 0.2300 + 01 0.3428 + 02 0.2577 + 02
0.1540 + 01 0.1309 + 02 0.4049 + 02 0.2350 + 01 0.3553 + 02 0.2518 + 02
0.1560 + 01 0.1368 + 02 0.3987 + 02 0.2400 + 01 0.3675 + 02 0.2462 + 02
0.1580 + 01 0.1427 + 02 0.3927 + 02 0.2450 + 01 0.3795 + 02 0.2409 + 02

1089
1090 Appendix C Prandtl-Meyer Function and Mach Angle

M ν μ M ν μ
0.2500 + 01 0.3912 + 02 0.2358 + 02 0.5000 + 01 0.7692 + 02 0.1154 + 02
0.2550 + 01 0.4028 + 02 0.2309 + 02 0.5100 + 01 0.7784 + 02 0.1131 + 02
0.2600 + 01 0.4141 + 02 0.2262 + 02 0.5200 + 01 0.7873 + 02 0.1109 + 02
0.2650 + 01 0.4253 + 02 0.2217 + 02 0.5300 + 01 0.7960 + 02 0.1088 + 02
0.2700 + 01 0.4362 + 02 0.2174 + 02 0.5400 + 01 0.8043 + 02 0.1067 + 02
0.2750 + 01 0.4469 + 02 0.2132 + 02 0.5500 + 01 0.8124 + 02 0.1048 + 02
0.2800 + 01 0.4575 + 02 0.2092 + 02 0.5600 + 01 0.8203 + 02 0.1029 + 02
0.2850 + 01 0.4678 + 02 0.2054 + 02 0.5700 + 01 0.8280 + 02 0.1010 + 02
0.2900 + 01 0.4779 + 02 0.2017 + 02 0.5800 + 01 0.8354 + 02 0.9928 + 01
0.2950 + 01 0.4878 + 02 0.1981 + 02 0.5900 + 01 0.8426 + 02 0.9758 + 01
0.3000 + 01 0.4976 + 02 0.1947 + 02 0.6000 + 01 0.8496 + 02 0.9594 + 01
0.3050 + 01 0.5071 + 02 0.1914 + 02 0.6100 + 01 0.8563 + 02 0.9435 + 01
0.3100 + 01 0.5165 + 02 0.1882 + 02 0.6200 + 01 0.8629 + 02 0.9282 + 01
0.3150 + 01 0.5257 + 02 0.1851 + 02 0.6300 + 01 0.8694 + 02 0.9133 + 01
0.3200 + 01 0.5347 + 02 0.1821 + 02 0.6400 + 01 0.8756 + 02 0.8989 + 01
0.3250 + 01 0.5435 + 02 0.1792 + 02 0.6500 + 01 0.8817 + 02 0.8850 + 01
0.3300 + 01 0.5522 + 02 0.1764 + 02 0.6600 + 01 0.8876 + 02 0.8715 + 01
0.3350 + 01 0.5607 + 02 0.1737 + 02 0.6700 + 01 0.8933 + 02 0.8584 + 01
0.3400 + 01 0.5691 + 02 0.1710 + 02 0.6800 + 01 0.8989 + 02 0.8457 + 01
0.3450 + 01 0.5773 + 02 0.1685 + 02 0.6900 + 01 0.9044 + 02 0.8333 + 01
0.3500 + 01 0.5853 + 02 0.1660 + 02 0.7000 + 01 0.9097 + 02 0.8213 + 01
0.3550 + 01 0.5932 + 02 0.1636 + 02 0.7100 + 01 0.9149 + 02 0.8097 + 01
0.3600 + 01 0.6009 + 02 0.1613 + 02 0.7200 + 01 0.9200 + 02 0.7984 + 01
0.3650 + 01 0.6085 + 02 0.1590 + 02 0.7300 + 01 0.9249 + 02 0.7873 + 01
0.3700 + 01 0.6160 + 02 0.1568 + 02 0.7400 + 01 0.9297 + 02 0.7766 + 01
0.3750 + 01 0.6233 + 02 0.1547 + 02 0.7500 + 01 0.9344 + 02 0.7662 + 01
0.3800 + 01 0.6304 + 02 0.1526 + 02 0.7600 + 01 0.9390 + 02 0.7561 + 01
0.3850 + 01 0.6375 + 02 0.1505 + 02 0.7700 + 01 0.9434 + 02 0.7462 + 01
0.3900 + 01 0.6444 + 02 0.1486 + 02 0.7800 + 01 0.9478 + 02 0.7366 + 01
0.3950 + 01 0.6512 + 02 0.1466 + 02 0.7900 + 01 0.9521 + 02 0.7272 + 01
0.4000 + 01 0.6578 + 02 0.1448 + 02 0.8000 + 01 0.9562 + 02 0.7181 + 01
0.4050 + 01 0.6644 + 02 0.1429 + 02 0.9000 + 01 0.9932 + 02 0.6379 + 01
0.4100 + 01 0.6708 + 02 0.1412 + 02 0.1000 + 02 0.1023 + 03 0.5739 + 01
0.4150 + 01 0.6771 + 02 0.1394 + 02 0.1100 + 02 0.1048 + 03 0.5216 + 01
0.4200 + 01 0.6833 + 02 0.1377 + 02 0.1200 + 02 0.1069 + 03 0.4780 + 01
0.4250 + 01 0.6894 + 02 0.1361 + 02 0.1300 + 02 0.1087 + 03 0.4412 + 01
0.4300 + 01 0.6954 + 02 0.1345 + 02 0.1400 + 02 0.1102 + 03 0.4096 + 01
0.4350 + 01 0.7013 + 02 0.1329 + 02 0.1500 + 02 0.1115 + 03 0.3823 + 01
0.4400 + 01 0.7071 + 02 0.1314 + 02 0.1600 + 02 0.1127 + 03 0.3583 + 01
0.4450 + 01 0.7127 + 02 0.1299 + 02 0.1700 + 02 0.1137 + 03 0.3372 + 01
0.4500 + 01 0.7183 + 02 0.1284 + 02 0.1800 + 02 0.1146 + 03 0.3185 + 01
0.4550 + 01 0.7238 + 02 0.1270 + 02 0.1900 + 02 0.1155 + 03 0.3017 + 01
0.4600 + 01 0.7292 + 02 0.1256 + 02 0.2000 + 02 0.1162 + 03 0.2866 + 01
0.4650 + 01 0.7345 + 02 0.1242 + 02 0.2200 + 02 0.1175 + 03 0.2605 + 01
0.4700 + 01 0.7397 + 02 0.1228 + 02 0.2400 + 02 0.1186 + 03 0.2388 + 01
0.4750 + 01 0.7448 + 02 0.1215 + 02 0.2600 + 02 0.1195 + 03 0.2204 + 01
0.4800 + 01 0.7499 + 02 0.1202 + 02 0.2800 + 02 0.1202 + 03 0.2047 + 01
0.4850 + 01 0.7548 + 02 0.1190 + 02 0.3000 + 02 0.1209 + 03 0.1910 + 01
0.4900 + 01 0.7597 + 02 0.1178 + 02 0.3200 + 02 0.1215 + 03 0.1791 + 01
0.4950 + 01 0.7645 + 02 0.1166 + 02 0.3400 + 02 0.1220 + 03 0.1685 + 01
 Appendix C Prandtl-Meyer Function and Mach Angle 1091

M ν μ M ν μ
0.3600 + 02 0.1225 + 03 0.1592 + 01 0.4400 + 02 0.1239 + 03 0.1302 + 01
0.3800 + 02 0.1229 + 03 0.1508 + 01 0.4600 + 02 0.1242 + 03 0.1246 + 01
0.4000 + 02 0.1233 + 03 0.1433 + 01 0.4800 + 02 0.1245 + 03 0.1194 + 01
0.4200 + 02 0.1236 + 03 0.1364 + 01 0.5000 + 02 0.1247 + 03 0.1146 + 01
 A P P E N D I X D
Standard Atmosphere, SI Units

D.1 NOTE ABOUT THE STANDARD ATMOSPHERE

TABLES IN APPENDICES D AND E
The following Standard Atmosphere Tables are compiled from mean experimental
data for the temperature variation with altitude, combined with the laws of physics
to compute the corresponding variation of pressure and density. The laws of
physics used are the hydrostatic equation (Equation 1.52) and the equation of state
(Equation 7.1). The construction of the Standard Atmosphere Tables is discussed
in detail in Chapter 3 of Reference 2, which you should read to learn the whole
story. In Appendices D and E, the temperature, pressure, and density are tabulated
versus altitude. Two columns for altitude are given, the first for the geometric
altitude, h G , and the second for the geopotential altitude, h. The geometric altitude
is the actual height above standard sea level, and the geopotential altitude is a
related altitude based on the assumption of a constant value of the acceleration
of gravity used for the calculations. See Reference 2 for an explanation of the
difference. In this book, whenever a reference is made to a certain value of the
standard altitude, it means the value of h G , the first column in the tables.
Appendix D gives the Standard Atmosphere in SI units, and Appendix E
gives the Standard Atmosphere in English Engineering units. There exist tables
of the standard atmosphere compiled by various organizations over the years. The
values tabulated in Appendices D and E are taken from the 1959 ARDC model
atmosphere compiled by the U.S. Air Force.

1093
1094 Appendix D Standard Atmosphere, SI Units

Altitude
hG , m h, m Temperature T , K Pressure p, N/m2 Density ρ, kg/m3

−5,000 −5,004 320.69 1.7761 + 5 1.9296 + 0

−4,900 −4,904 320.03 1.7587 1.9145
−4,800 −4,804 319.38 1.7400 1.8980
−4,700 −4,703 318.73 1.7215 1.8816
−4,600 −4,603 318.08 1.7031 1.8653
−4,500 −4,503 317.43 1.6848 1.8491
−4,400 −4,403 316.78 1.6667 1.8330
−4,300 −4,303 316.13 1.6488 1.8171
−4,200 −4,203 315.48 1.6311 1.8012
−4,100 −4,103 314.83 1.6134 1.7854
−4,000 −4,003 314.18 1.5960 + 5 1.7698 + 0
−3,900 −3,902 313.53 1.5787 1.7542
−3,800 −3,802 312.87 1.5615 1.7388
−3,700 −3,702 212.22 1.5445 1.7234
−3,600 −3,602 311.57 1.5277 1.7082
−3,500 −3,502 310.92 1.5110 1.6931
−3,400 −3,402 310.27 1.4945 1.6780
−3,300 −3,302 309.62 1.4781 1.6631
−3,200 −3,202 308.97 1.4618 1.6483
−3,100 −3,102 308.32 1.4457 1.6336
−3,000 −3,001 307.67 1.4297 + 5 1.6189 + 0
−2,900 −2,901 307.02 1.4139 1.6044
−2,800 −2,801 306.37 1.3982 1.5900
−2,700 −2,701 305.72 1.3827 1.5757
−2,600 −2,601 305.07 1.3673 1.5615
−2,500 −2,501 304.42 1.3521 1.5473
−2,400 −2,401 303.77 1.3369 1.5333
−2,300 −2,301 303.12 1.3220 1.5194
−2,200 −2,201 302.46 1.3071 1.5056
−2,100 −2,101 301.81 1.2924 1.4918
−2,000 −2,001 301.16 1.2778 + 5 1.4782 + 0
−1,900 −1,901 300.51 1.2634 1.4646
−1,800 −1,801 299.86 1.2491 1.4512
−1,700 −1,701 299.21 1.2349 1.4379
−1,600 −1,600 298.56 1.2209 1.4246
−1,500 −1,500 297.91 1.2070 1.4114
−1,400 −1,400 297.26 1.1932 1.3984
−1,300 −1,300 296.61 1.1795 1.3854
−1,200 −1,200 295.96 1.1660 1.3725
−1,100 −1,100 295.31 1.1526 1.3597
−1,000 −1,000 294.66 1.1393 + 5 1.3470 + 0
−900 −900 294.01 1.1262 1.3344
−800 −800 293.36 1.1131 1.3219
−700 −700 292.71 1.1002 1.3095
−600 −600 292.06 1.0874 1.2972
−500 −500 291.41 1.0748 1.2849
−400 −400 290.76 1.0622 1.2728
−300 −300 290.11 1.0498 1.2607
−200 −200 289.46 1.0375 1.2487
−100 −100 288.81 1.0253 1.2368
 Appendix D Standard Atmosphere, SI Units 1095

Altitude
hG , m h, m Temperature T , K Pressure p, N/m2 Density ρ, kg/m3

0 0 288.16 1.01325 + 5 1.2250 + 0

100 100 287.51 1.0013 1.2133
200 200 286.86 9.8945 + 4 1.2071
300 300 286.21 9.7773 1.1901
400 400 285.56 9.6611 1.1787
500 500 284.91 9.5461 1.1673
600 600 284.26 9.4322 1.1560
700 700 283.61 9.3194 1.1448
800 800 282.96 9.2077 1.1337
900 900 282.31 9.0971 1.1226
1,000 1,000 281.66 8.9876 + 4 1.1117 + 0
1,100 1,100 281.01 8.8792 1.1008
1,200 1,200 280.36 8.7718 1.0900
1,300 1,300 279.71 8.6655 1.0793
1,400 1,400 279.06 8.5602 1.0687
1,500 1,500 278.41 8.4560 1.0581
1,600 1,600 277.76 8.3527 1.0476
1,700 1,700 277.11 8.2506 1.0373
1,800 1,799 276.46 8.1494 1.0269
1,900 1,899 275.81 8.0493 1.0167
2,000 1,999 275.16 7.9501 + 4 1.0066 + 0
2,100 2,099 274.51 7.8520 9.9649 − 1
2,200 2,199 273.86 7.7548 9.8649
2,300 2,299 273.22 7.6586 9.7657
2,400 2,399 272.57 7.5634 9.6673
2,500 2,499 271.92 7.4692 9.5696
2,600 2,599 271.27 7.3759 9.4727
2,700 2,699 270.62 7.2835 9.3765
2,800 2,799 269.97 7.1921 9.2811
2,900 2,899 269.32 7.1016 9.1865
3,000 2,999 268.67 7.0121 + 4 9.0926 − 1
3,100 3,098 268.02 6.9235 8.9994
3,200 3,198 267.37 6.8357 8.9070
3,300 3,298 266.72 6.7489 8.8153
3,400 3,398 266.07 6.6630 8.7243
3,500 3,498 265.42 6.5780 8.6341
3,600 3,598 264.77 6.4939 8.5445
3,700 3,698 264.12 6.4106 8.4557
3,800 3,798 263.47 6.3282 8.3676
3,900 3,898 262.83 6.2467 8.2802
4,000 3,997 262.18 6.1660 + 4 8.1935 − 1
4,100 4,097 261.53 6.0862 8.1075
4,200 4,197 260.88 6.0072 8.0222
4,300 4,297 260.23 5.9290 7.9376
4,400 4,397 259.58 5.8517 7.8536
4,500 4,497 258.93 5.7752 7.7704
4,600 4,597 258.28 5.6995 7.6878
4,700 4,697 257.63 5.6247 7.6059
4,800 4,796 256.98 5.5506 7.5247
4,900 4,896 256.33 5.4773 7.4442
1096 Appendix D Standard Atmosphere, SI Units

Altitude
hG , m h, m Temperature T , K Pressure p, N/m2 Density ρ, kg/m3

5,000 4,996 255.69 5.4048 + 4 7.3643 − 1

5,100 5,096 255.04 5.3331 7.2851
5,200 5,196 254.39 5.2621 7.2065
5,400 5,395 253.09 5.1226 7.0513
5,500 5,495 252.44 5.0539 6.9747
5,600 5,595 251.79 4.9860 6.8987
5,700 5,695 251.14 4.9188 6.8234
5,800 5,795 250.49 4.8524 6.7486
5,900 5,895 249.85 4.7867 6.6746
6,000 5,994 249.20 4.7217 + 4 6.6011 − 1
6,100 6,094 248.55 4.6575 6.5283
6,200 6,194 247.90 4.5939 6.4561
6,300 6,294 247.25 4.5311 6.3845
6,400 6,394 246.60 4.4690 6.3135
6,500 6,493 245.95 4.4075 6.2431
6,600 6,593 245.30 4.3468 6.1733
6,700 6,693 244.66 4.2867 6.1041
6,800 6,793 244.01 4.2273 6.0356
6,900 6,893 243.36 4.1686 5.9676
7,000 6,992 242.71 4.1105 + 4 5.9002 − 1
7,100 7,092 242.06 4.0531 5.8334
7,200 7,192 241.41 3.9963 5.7671
7,300 7,292 240.76 3.9402 5.7015
7,400 7,391 240.12 3.8848 5.6364
7,500 7,491 239.47 3.8299 5.5719
7,600 7,591 238.82 3.7757 5.5080
7,700 7,691 238.17 3.7222 5.4446
7,800 7,790 237.52 3.6692 5.3818
7,900 7,890 236.87 3.6169 5.3195
8,000 7,990 236.23 3.5651 + 4 5.2578 − 1
8,100 8,090 235.58 3.5140 5.1967
8,200 8,189 234.93 3.4635 5.1361
8,300 8,289 234.28 3.4135 5.0760
8,400 8,389 233.63 3.3642 5.0165
8,500 8,489 232.98 3.3154 4.9575
8,600 8,588 232.34 3.2672 4.8991
8,700 8,688 231.69 3.2196 4.8412
8,800 8,788 231.04 3.1725 4.7838
8,900 8,888 230.39 3.1260 4.7269
9,000 8,987 229.74 3.0800 + 4 4.6706 − 1
9,100 9,087 229.09 3.0346 4.6148
9,200 9,187 228.45 2.9898 4.5595
9,300 9,286 227.80 2.9455 4.5047
9,400 9,386 227.15 2.9017 4.4504
9,500 9,486 226.50 2.8584 4.3966
9,600 9,586 225.85 2.8157 4.3433
9,700 9,685 225.21 2.7735 4.2905
9,800 9,785 224.56 2.7318 4.2382
9,900 9,885 223.91 2.6906 4.1864
 Appendix D Standard Atmosphere, SI Units 1097

Altitude
hG , m h, m Temperature T , K Pressure p, N/m2 Density ρ, kg/m3

10,000 9,984 223.26 2.6500 + 4 4.1351− 1

10,100 10,084 222.61 2.6098 4.0842
10,200 10,184 221.97 2.5701 4.0339
10,300 10,283 221.32 2.5309 3.9840
10,400 10,383 220.67 2.4922 3.9346
10,500 10,483 220.02 2.4540 3.8857
10,600 10,582 219.37 2.4163 3.8372
10,700 10,682 218.73 2.3790 3.7892
10,800 10,782 218.08 2.3422 3.7417
10,900 10,881 217.43 2.3059 3.6946
11,000 10,981 216.78 2.2700 + 4 3.6480 − 1
11,100 11,081 216.66 2.2346 3.5932
11,200 11,180 216.66 2.1997 3.5371
11,300 11,280 216.66 2.1654 3.4820
11,400 11,380 216.66 2.1317 3.4277
11,500 11,479 216.66 2.0985 3.3743
11,600 11,579 216.66 2.0657 3.3217
11,700 11,679 216.66 2.0335 3.2699
11,800 11,778 216.66 2.0018 3.2189
11,900 11,878 216.66 1.9706 3.1687
12,000 11,977 216.66 1.9399 + 4 3.1194 − 1
12,100 12,077 216.66 1.9097 3.0707
12,200 12,177 216.66 1.8799 3.0229
12,300 12,276 216.66 1.8506 2.9758
12,400 12,376 216.66 1.8218 2.9294
12,500 12,475 216.66 1.7934 2.8837
12,600 12,575 216.66 1.7654 2.8388
12,700 12,675 216.66 1.7379 2.7945
12,800 12,774 216.66 1.7108 2.7510
12,900 12,874 216.66 1.6842 2.7081
13,000 12,973 216.66 1.6579 + 4 2.6659 − 1
13,100 13,073 216.66 1.6321 2.6244
13,200 13,173 216.66 1.6067 2.5835
13,300 13,272 216.66 1.5816 2.5433
13,400 13,372 216.66 1.5570 2.5036
13,500 13,471 216.66 1.5327 2.4646
13,600 13,571 216.66 1.5089 2.4262
13,700 13,671 216.66 1.4854 2.3884
13,800 13,770 216.66 1.4622 2.3512
13,900 13,870 216.66 1.4394 2.3146
14,000 13,969 216.66 1.4170 + 4 2.2785 − 1
14,100 14,069 216.66 1.3950 2.2430
14,200 14,168 216.66 1.3732 2.2081
14,300 14,268 216.66 1.3518 2.1737
14,400 14,367 216.66 1.3308 2.1399
14,500 14,467 216.66 1.3101 2.1065
14,600 14,567 216.66 1.2896 2.0737
14,700 14,666 216.66 1.2696 2.0414
14,800 14,766 216.66 1.2498 2.0096
14,900 14,865 216.66 1.2303 1.9783
1098 Appendix D Standard Atmosphere, SI Units

Altitude
hG , m h, m Temperature T , K Pressure p, N/m2 Density ρ, kg/m3

15,000 14,965 216.66 1.2112 + 4 1.9475 − 1

15,100 15,064 216.66 1.1923 1.9172
15,200 15,164 216.66 1.1737 1.8874
15,300 15,263 216.66 1.1555 1.8580
15,400 15,363 216.66 1.1375 1.8290
15,500 15,462 216.66 1.1198 1.8006
15,600 15,562 216.66 1.1023 1.7725
15,700 15,661 216.66 1.0852 1.7449
15,800 15,761 216.66 1.0683 1.7178
15,900 15,860 216.66 1.0516 1.6910
16,000 15,960 216.66 1.0353 + 4 1.6647 − 1
16,100 16,059 216.66 1.0192 1.6388
16,200 16,159 216.66 1.0033 1.6133
16,300 16,258 216.66 9.8767 + 3 1.5882
16,400 16,358 216.66 9.7230 1.5634
16,500 16,457 216.66 9.5717 1.5391
16,600 16,557 216.66 9.4227 1.5151
16,700 16,656 216.66 9.2760 1.4916
16,800 16,756 216.66 9.1317 1.4683
16,900 16,855 216.66 8.9895 1.4455
17,000 16,955 216.66 8.8496 + 3 1.4230 − 1
17,100 17,054 216.66 8.7119 1.4009
17,200 17,154 216.66 8.5763 1.3791
17,300 17,253 216.66 8.4429 1.3576
17,400 17,353 216.66 8.3115 1.3365
17,500 17,452 216.66 8.1822 1.3157
17,600 17,551 216.66 8.0549 1.2952
17,700 17,651 216.66 7.9295 1.2751
17,800 17,750 216.66 7.8062 1.2552
17,900 17,850 216.66 7.6847 1.2357
18,000 17,949 216.66 7.5652 + 3 1.2165 − 1
18,100 18,049 216.66 7.4475 1.1975
18,200 18,148 216.66 7.3316 1.1789
18,300 18,247 216.66 7.2175 1.1606
18,400 18,347 216.66 7.1053 1.1425
18,500 18,446 216.66 6.9947 1.1247
18,600 18,546 216.66 6.8859 1.1072
18,700 18,645 216.66 6.7788 1.0900
18,800 18,745 216.66 6.6734 1.0731
18,900 18,844 216.66 6.5696 1.0564
19,000 18,943 216.66 6.4674 + 3 1.0399 − 1
19,100 19,043 216.66 6.3668 1.0238
19,200 19,142 216.66 6.2678 1.0079
19,300 19,242 216.66 6.1703 9.9218 − 2
19,400 19,341 216.66 6.0744 9.7675
19,500 19,440 216.66 5.9799 9.6156
19,600 19,540 216.66 5.8869 9.4661
19,700 19,639 216.66 5.7954 9.3189
19,800 19,739 216.66 5.7053 9.1740
19,900 19,838 216.66 5.6166 9.0313
 Appendix D Standard Atmosphere, SI Units 1099

Altitude
hG , m h, m Temperature T , K Pressure p, N/m2 Density ρ, kg/m3

20,000 19,937 216.66 5.5293 + 3 8.8909 − 2

20,200 20,136 216.66 5.3587 8.6166
20,400 20,335 216.66 5.1933 8.3508
20,600 20,533 216.66 5.0331 8.0931
20,800 20,732 216.66 4.8779 7.8435
21,000 20,931 216.66 4.7274 7.6015
21,200 21,130 216.66 4.5816 7.3671
21,400 21,328 216.66 4.4403 7.1399
21,600 21,527 216.66 4.3034 6.9197
21,800 21,725 216.66 4.1706 6.7063
22,000 21,924 216.66 4.0420 + 3 6.4995 − 2
22,200 22,123 216.66 3.9174 6.2991
22,400 22,321 216.66 3.7966 6.1049
22,600 22,520 216.66 3.6796 5.9167
22,800 22,719 216.66 3.5661 5.7343
23,000 22,917 216.66 3.4562 5.5575
23,200 23,116 216.66 3.3497 5.3862
23,400 23,314 216.66 3.2464 5.2202
23,600 23,513 216.66 3.1464 5.0593
23,800 23,711 216.66 3.0494 4.9034
24,000 23,910 216.66 2.9554 + 3 4.7522 − 2
24,200 24,108 216.66 2.8644 4.6058
24,400 24,307 216.66 2.7761 4.4639
24,600 24,505 216.66 2.6906 4.3263
24,800 24,704 216.66 2.6077 4.1931
25,000 24,902 216.66 2.5273 4.0639
25,200 25,100 216.96 2.4495 3.9333
25,400 25,299 217.56 2.3742 3.8020
25,600 25,497 218.15 2.3015 3.6755
25,800 25,696 218.75 2.2312 3.5535
26,000 25,894 219.34 2.1632 + 3 3.4359 − 2
26,200 26,092 219.94 2.0975 3.3225
26,400 26,291 220.53 2.0339 3.2131
26,600 26,489 221.13 1.9725 3.1076
26,800 26,687 221.72 1.9130 3.0059
27,000 26,886 222.32 1.8555 2.9077
27,200 27,084 222.91 1.7999 2.8130
27,400 27,282 223.51 1.7461 2.7217
27,600 27,481 224.10 1.6940 2.6335
27,800 27,679 224.70 1.6437 2.5484
28,000 27,877 225.29 1.5949 + 3 2.4663 − 2
28,200 28,075 225.89 1.5477 2.3871
28,400 28,274 226.48 1.5021 2.3106
28,600 28,472 227.08 1.4579 2.2367
28,800 28,670 227.67 1.4151 2.1654
29,000 28,868 228.26 1.3737 2.0966
29,200 29,066 228.86 1.3336 2.0301
29,400 29,265 229.45 1.2948 1.9659
29,600 29,463 230.05 1.2572 1.9039
29,800 29,661 230.64 1.2208 1.8440
1100 Appendix D Standard Atmosphere, SI Units

Altitude
hG , m h, m Temperature T , K Pressure p, N/m2 Density ρ, kg/m3

30,000 29,859 231.24 1.1855 + 3 1.7861 − 2

30,200 30,057 231.83 1.1514 1.7302
30,400 30,255 232.43 1.1183 1.6762
30,600 30,453 233.02 1.0862 1.6240
30,800 30,651 233.61 1.0552 1.5734
31,000 30,850 234.21 1.0251 1.5278
31,200 31,048 234.80 9.9592 + 2 1.4777
31,400 31,246 235.40 9.6766 1.4321
31,600 31,444 235.99 9.4028 1.3881
31,800 31,642 236.59 9.1374 1.3455
32,000 31,840 237.18 8.8802 + 2 1.3044 − 2
32,200 32,038 237.77 8.6308 1.2646
32,400 32,236 238.78 8.3890 1.2261
32,600 32,434 238.96 8.1546 1.1889
32,800 32,632 239.55 7.9273 1.1529
33,000 32,830 240.15 7.7069 1.1180
33,200 33,028 240.74 7.4932 1.0844
33,400 33,225 214.34 7.2859 1.0518
33,600 33,423 241.93 7.0849 1.0202
33,800 33,621 242.52 6.8898 9.8972 − 3
34,000 33,819 243.12 6.7007 + 2 9.6020 − 3
34,200 34,017 243.71 6.5171 9.3162
34,400 34,215 244.30 6.3391 9.0396
34,600 34,413 244.90 6.1663 8.7720
34,800 34,611 245.49 5.9986 8.5128
35,000 34,808 246.09 5.8359 8.2620
35,200 35,006 246.68 5.6780 8.0191
35,400 35,204 247.27 5.5248 7.7839
35,600 35,402 247.87 5.3760 7.5562
35,800 35,600 248.46 5.2316 7.3357
36,000 35,797 249.05 5.0914 + 2 7.1221 − 3
36,200 35,995 249.65 4.9553 6.9152
36,400 36,193 250.24 4.8232 6.7149
36,600 36,390 250.83 4.6949 6.5208
36,800 36,588 251.42 4.5703 6.3328
37,000 36,786 252.02 4.4493 6.1506
37,200 36,984 252.61 4.3318 5.9741
37,400 37,181 253.20 4.2176 5.8030
37,600 37,379 253.80 4.1067 5.6373
37,800 37,577 254.39 3.9990 5.4767
38,000 37,774 254.98 3.8944 + 2 5.3210 − 3
38,200 37,972 255.58 3.7928 5.1701
38,400 38,169 256.17 3.6940 5.0238
38,600 38,367 256.76 3.5980 4.8820
38,800 38,565 257.35 3.5048 4.7445
39,000 38,762 257.95 3.4141 4.6112
39,200 38,960 258.54 3.3261 4.4819
39,400 39,157 259.13 3.2405 4.3566
39,600 39,355 259.72 3.1572 4.2350
39,800 39,552 260.32 3.0764 4.1171
 Appendix D Standard Atmosphere, SI Units 1101

Altitude
hG , m h, m Temperature T , K Pressure p, N/m2 Density ρ, kg/m3

40,000 39,750 260.91 2.9977 + 2 4.0028 − 3

40,200 39,947 261.50 2.9213 3.8919
40,400 40,145 262.09 2.8470 3.7843
40,600 40,342 262.69 2.7747 3.6799
40,800 40,540 263.28 2.7044 3.5786
41,000 40,737 263.87 2.6361 3.4804
41,200 40,935 264.46 2.5696 3.3850
41,400 41,132 265.06 2.5050 3.2925
41,600 41,300 265.65 2.4421 3.2027
41,800 41,527 266.24 2.3810 3.1156
42,000 41,724 266.83 2.3215 + 2 3.0310 − 3
42,400 41,922 267.43 2.2636 2.9489
42,400 42,119 268.02 2.2073 2.8692
42,600 42,316 268.61 2.1525 2.7918
42,800 42,514 269.20 2.0992 2.7167
43,000 42,711 269.79 2.0474 2.6438
43,200 42,908 270.39 1.9969 2.5730
43,400 43,106 270.98 1.9478 2.5042
43,600 43,303 271.57 1.9000 2.4374
43,800 43,500 272.16 1.8535 2.3726
44,000 43,698 272.75 1.8082 + 2 2.3096 − 3
44,200 43,895 273.34 1.7641 2.2484
44,400 44,092 273.94 1.7212 2.1889
44,600 44,289 274.53 1.6794 2.1312
44,800 44,486 275.12 1.6387 2.0751
45,000 44,684 275.71 1.5991 2.0206
45,200 44,881 276.30 1.5606 1.9677
45,400 45,078 276.89 1.5230 1.9162
45,600 45,275 277.49 1.4865 1.8662
45,800 45,472 278.08 1.4508 1.8177
46,000 45,670 278.67 1.4162 + 2 1.7704 − 3
46,200 45,867 279.26 1.3824 1.7246
46,400 46,064 279.85 1.3495 1.6799
46,600 46,261 280.44 1.3174 1.6366
46,800 46,458 281.03 1.2862 1.5944
47,000 46,655 281.63 1.2558 1.5535
47,200 46,852 282.22 1.2261 1.5136
47,400 47,049 282.66 1.1973 1.4757
47,600 47,246 282.66 1.1691 1.4409
47,800 47,443 282.66 1.1416 1.4070
48,000 47,640 282.66 1.1147 + 2 1.3739 − 3
48,200 47,837 282.66 1.0885 1.3416
48,400 48,034 282.66 1.0629 1.3100
48,600 48,231 282.66 1.0379 1.2792
48,800 48,428 282.66 1.0135 1.2491
49,000 48,625 282.66 9.8961 + 1 1.2197
49,200 48,822 282.66 9.6633 1.1910
49,400 49,019 282.66 9.4360 1.1630
49,600 49,216 282.66 9.2141 1.1357
49,800 49,413 282.66 8.9974 1.1089
1102 Appendix D Standard Atmosphere, SI Units

Altitude
hG , m h, m Temperature T , K Pressure p, N/m2 Density ρ, kg/m3

50,000 49,610 282.66 8.7858 + 1 1.0829 − 3

50,500 50,102 282.66 8.2783 1.0203
51,000 50,594 282.66 7.8003 9.6140 − 4
51,500 51,086 282.66 7.3499 9.0589
52,000 51,578 282.66 6.9256 8.5360
52,500 52,070 282.66 6.5259 8.0433
53,000 52,562 282.66 6.1493 7.5791
53,500 53,053 282.42 5.7944 7.1478
54,000 53,545 280.21 5.4586 6.7867
54,500 54,037 277.99 5.1398 6.4412
55,000 54,528 275.78 4.8373 + 1 6.1108 − 4
55,500 55,020 273.57 4.5505 5.7949
56,000 55,511 271.36 4.2786 5.4931
56,500 56,002 269.15 4.0210 5.2047
57,000 56,493 266.94 3.7770 4.9293
57,500 56,985 264.73 3.5459 4.6664
58,000 57,476 262.52 3.3273 4.4156
58,500 57,967 260.31 3.1205 4.1763
59,000 58,457 258.10 2.9250 3.9482
59,500 58,948 255.89 2.7403 3.7307
 A P P E N D I X E
Standard Atmosphere, English
Engineering Units

Altitude
h G , ft h, ft Temperature T , ◦ R Pressure p, lb/ft2 Density ρ, slugs/ft3
−16,500 −16,513 577.58 3.6588 + 3 3.6905 − 3
−16,000 −16,012 575.79 3.6641 3.7074
−15,500 −15,512 574.00 3.6048 3.6587
−15,000 −15,011 572.22 3.5462 3.6105
−14,500 −14,510 570.43 3.4884 3.5628
−14,000 −14,009 568.65 3.4314 3.5155
−13,500 −13,509 566.86 3.3752 3.4688
−13,000 −13,008 565.08 3.3197 3.4225
−12,500 −12,507 563.29 3.2649 3.3768
−12,000 −12,007 561.51 3.2109 3.3314
−11,500 −11,506 559.72 3.1576 + 3 3.2866 − 3
−11,000 −11,006 557.94 3.1050 3.2422
−10,500 −10,505 556.15 3.0532 3.1983
−10,000 −10,005 554.37 3.0020 3.1548
−9,500 −9,504 552.58 2.9516 3.1118
−9,000 −9,004 550.80 2.9018 3.0693
−8,500 −8,503 549.01 2.8527 3.0272
−8,000 −8,003 547.23 2.8043 2.9855
−7,500 −7,503 545.44 2.7566 2.9443
−7,000 −7,002 543.66 2.7095 2.9035
−6,500 −6,502 541.88 2.6631 + 3 2.8632− 3
−6,000 −6,002 540.09 2.6174 2.8233
−5,500 −5,501 538.31 2.5722 2.7838
−5,000 −5,001 536.52 2.5277 2.7448
−4,500 −4,501 534.74 2.4839 2.7061
−4,000 −4,001 532.96 2.4406 2.6679
−3,500 −3,501 531.17 2.3980 2.6301
−3,000 −3,000 529.39 2.3560 2.5927

1103
1104 Appendix E Standard Atmosphere, English Engineering Units

Altitude
h G , ft h, ft Temperature T , ◦ R Pressure p, lb/ft2 Density ρ, slugs/ft3
−2,500 −2,500 527.60 2.3146 2.5558
−2,000 −2,000 525.82 2.2737 2.5192
−1,500 −1,500 524.04 2.2335 + 3 2.4830 − 3
−1,000 −1,000 522.25 2.1938 2.4473
−500 −500 520.47 2.1547 2.4119
0 0 518.69 2.1162 2.3769
500 500 516.90 2.0783 2.3423
1,000 1,000 515.12 2.0409 2.3081
1,500 1,500 513.34 2.0040 2.2743
2,000 2,000 511.56 1.9677 2.2409
2,500 2,500 509.77 1.9319 2.2079
3,000 3,000 507.99 1.8967 2.1752
3,500 3,499 506.21 1.8619 + 3 2.1429− 3
4,000 3,999 504.43 1.8277 2.1110
4,500 4,499 502.64 1.7941 2.0794
5,000 4,999 500.86 1.7609 2.0482
5,500 5,499 499.08 1.7282 2.0174
6,000 5,998 497.30 1.6960 1.9869
6,500 6,498 495.52 1.6643 1.9567
7,000 6,998 493.73 1.6331 1.9270
7,500 7,497 491.95 1.6023 1.8975
8,000 7,997 490.17 1.5721 1.8685
8,500 8,497 488.39 1.5423 + 3 1.8397 − 3
9,000 8,996 486.61 1.5129 1.8113
9,500 9,496 484.82 1.4840 1.7833
10,000 9,995 483.04 1.4556 1.7556
10,500 10,495 481.26 1.4276 1.7282
11,000 10,994 479.48 1.4000 1.7011
11,500 11,494 477.70 1.3729 1.6744
12,000 11,993 475.92 1.3462 1.6480
12,500 12,493 474.14 1.3200 1.6219
13,000 12,992 472.36 1.2941 1.5961
13,500 13,491 470.58 1.2687 + 3 1.5707 − 3
14,000 13,991 468.80 1.2436 1.5455
14,500 14,490 467.01 1.2190 1.5207
15,000 14,989 465.23 1.1948 1.4962
15,500 15,488 463.45 1.1709 1.4719
16,000 15,988 461.67 1.1475 1.4480
16,500 16,487 459.89 1.1244 1.4244
17,000 16,986 458.11 1.1017 1.4011
17,500 17,485 456.33 1.0794 1.3781
18,000 17,984 454.55 1.0575 1.3553
18,500 18,484 452.77 1.0359 + 3 1.3329 − 3
19,000 18,983 450.99 1.0147 1.3107
19,500 19,482 449.21 9.9379 + 2 1.2889
20,000 19,981 447.43 9.7327 1.2673
20,500 20,480 445.65 9.5309 1.2459
21,000 20,979 443.87 9.3326 1.2249
 Appendix E Standard Atmosphere, English Engineering Units 1105

Altitude
h G , ft h, ft Temperature T , ◦ R Pressure p, lb/ft2 Density ρ, slugs/ft3
21,500 21,478 442.09 9.1376 1.2041
22,000 21,977 440.32 8.9459 1.1836
22,500 22,476 438.54 8.7576 1.1634
23,000 22,975 436.76 8.5724 1.1435
23,500 23,474 434.98 8.3905 + 2 1.1238 − 3
24,000 23,972 433.20 8.2116 1.1043
24,500 24,471 431.42 8.0359 1.0852
25,000 24,970 429.64 7.8633 1.0663
25,500 25,469 427.86 7.6937 1.0476
26,000 25,968 426.08 7.5271 1.0292
26,500 26,466 424.30 7.3634 1.0110
27,000 26,965 422.53 7.2026 9.9311 − 4
27,500 27,464 420.75 7.0447 9.7544
28,000 27,962 418.97 6.8896 9.5801
28,500 28,461 417.19 6.7373 + 2 9.4082 − 4
29,000 28,960 415.41 6.5877 9.2387
29,500 29,458 413.63 6.4408 9.0716
30,000 29,957 411.86 6.2966 8.9068
30,500 30,455 410.08 6.1551 8.7443
31,000 30,954 408.30 6.0161 8.5841
31,500 31,452 406.52 5.8797 8.4261
32,000 31,951 404.75 5.7458 8.2704
32,500 32,449 402.97 5.6144 8.1169
33,000 32,948 401.19 5.4854 7.9656
33,500 33,446 399.41 5.3589 + 2 7.8165 − 4
34,000 33,945 397.64 5.2347 7.6696
34,500 34,443 395.86 5.1129 7.5247
35,000 34,941 394.08 4.9934 7.3820
35,500 35,440 392.30 4.8762 7.2413
36,000 35,938 390.53 4.7612 7.1028
36,500 36,436 389.99 4.6486 6.9443
37,000 36,934 389.99 4.5386 6.7800
37,500 37,433 389.99 4.4312 6.6196
38,000 37,931 389.99 4.3263 6.4629
38,500 38,429 389.99 4.2240 + 2 6.3100 − 4
39,000 38,927 389.99 4.1241 6.1608
39,500 39,425 389.99 4.0265 6.0150
40,000 39,923 389.99 3.9312 5.8727
40,500 40,422 389.99 3.8382 5.7338
41,000 40,920 389.99 3.7475 5.5982
41,500 41,418 389.99 3.6588 5.4658
42,000 41,916 389.99 3.5723 5.3365
42,500 42,414 389.99 3.4878 5.2103
43,000 42,912 389.99 3.4053 5.0871
43,500 43,409 389.99 3.3248 + 2 4.9668 − 4
44,000 43,907 389.99 3.2462 4.8493
44,500 44,405 389.99 3.1694 4.7346
45,000 44,903 389.99 3.0945 4.6227
45,500 45,401 389.99 3.0213 4.5134
1106 Appendix E Standard Atmosphere, English Engineering Units

Altitude
h G , ft h, ft Temperature T , ◦ R Pressure p, lb/ft2 Density ρ, slugs/ft3
46,000 45,899 389.99 2.9499 4.4067
46,500 46,397 389.99 2.8801 4.3025
47,000 46,894 389.99 2.8120 4.2008
47,500 47,392 389.99 2.7456 4.1015
48,000 47,890 389.99 2.6807 4.0045
48,500 48,387 389.99 2.2173 + 2 3.9099 − 4
49,000 48,885 389.99 2.5554 3.8175
49,500 49,383 389.99 2.4950 3.7272
50,000 49,880 389.99 2.4361 3.6391
50,500 50,378 389.99 2.3785 3.5531
51,000 50,876 389.99 2.3223 3.4692
51,500 51,373 389.99 2.2674 3.3872
52,000 51,871 389.99 2.2138 3.3072
52,500 52,368 389.99 2.1615 3.2290
53,000 52,866 389.99 2.1105 3.1527
53,500 53,363 389.99 2.0606 + 2 3.0782 − 4
54,000 53,861 389.99 2.0119 3.0055
54,500 54,358 389.99 1.9644 2.9345
55,000 54,855 389.99 1.9180 2.8652
55,500 55,353 389.99 1.8727 2.7975
56,000 55,850 389.99 1.8284 2.7314
56,500 56,347 389.99 1.7853 2.6669
57,000 56,845 389.99 1.7431 2.6039
57,500 57,342 389.99 1.7019 2.5424
58,000 57,839 389.99 1.6617 2.4824
58,500 58,336 389.99 1.6225 + 2 2.4238 − 4
59,000 58,834 389.99 1.5842 2.3665
59,500 59,331 389.99 1.5468 2.3107
60,000 59,828 389.99 1.5103 2.2561
60,500 60,325 389.99 1.4746 2.2028
61,000 60,822 389.99 1.4398 2.1508
61,500 61,319 389.99 1.4058 2.1001
62,000 61,816 389.99 1.3726 2.0505
62,500 62,313 389.99 1.3402 2.0021
63,000 62,810 389.99 1.3086 1.9548
63,500 63,307 389.99 1.2777 + 2 1.9087 − 4
64,000 63,804 389.99 1.2475 1.8636
64,500 64,301 389.99 1.2181 1.8196
65,000 64,798 389.99 1.1893 1.7767
65,500 65,295 389.99 1.1613 1.7348
66,000 65,792 389.99 1.1339 1.6938
66,500 66,289 389.99 1.1071 1.6539
67,000 66,785 389.99 1.0810 1.6148
67,500 67,282 389.99 1.0555 1.5767
68,000 67,779 389.99 1.0306 1.5395
68,500 68,276 389.99 1.0063 + 2 1.5032 − 4
69,000 68,772 389.99 9.8253 + 1 1.4678
69,500 69,269 389.99 9.5935 1.4331
70,000 69,766 389.99 9.3672 1.3993
 Appendix E Standard Atmosphere, English Engineering Units 1107

Altitude
h G , ft h, ft Temperature T , ◦ R Pressure p, lb/ft2 Density ρ, slugs/ft3
70,500 70,262 389.99 9.1462 1.3663
71,000 70,759 389.99 8.9305 1.3341
71,500 74,256 389.99 8.7199 1.3026
72,000 71,752 389.99 8.5142 1.2719
72,500 72,249 389.99 8.3134 1.2419
73,000 72,745 389.99 8.1174 1.2126
73,500 73,242 389.99 7.9259 + 1 1.1840 − 4
74,000 73,738 389.99 7.7390 1.1561
74,500 74,235 389.99 7.5566 1.1288
75,000 74,731 389.99 7.3784 1.1022
75,500 75,228 389.99 7.2044 1.0762
76,000 75,724 389.99 7.0346 1.0509
76,500 76,220 389.99 6.8687 1.0261
77,000 76,717 389.99 6.7068 1.0019
77,500 77,213 389.99 6.5487 9.7829 − 5
78,000 77,709 389.99 6.3944 9.5523
78,500 78,206 389.99 6.2437 + 1 9.3271 − 5
79,000 78,702 389.99 6.0965 9.1073
79,500 79,198 389.99 5.9528 8.8927
80,000 79,694 389.99 5.8125 8.6831
80,500 80,190 389.99 5.6755 8.4785
81,000 80,687 389.99 5.5418 8.2787
81,500 81,183 389.99 5.4112 8.0836
82,000 81,679 389.99 5.2837 7.8931
82,500 82,175 390.24 5.1592 7.7022
83,000 82,671 391.06 5.0979 7.5053
83,500 83,167 391.87 4.9196 + 1 7.3139 − 5
84,000 83,663 392.69 4.8044 7.1277
84,500 84,159 393.51 4.6921 6.9467
85,000 84,655 394.32 4.5827 6.7706
85,500 85,151 395.14 4.4760 6.5994
86,000 85,647 395.96 4.3721 6.4328
86,500 86,143 396.77 4.2707 6.2708
87,000 86,639 397.59 4.1719 6.1132
87,500 87,134 398.40 4.0757 5.9598
88,000 87,630 399.22 3.9818 5.8106
88,500 88,126 400.04 3.8902 + 1 5.6655 − 5
89,000 88,622 400.85 3.8010 5.5243
89,500 89,118 401.67 3.7140 5.3868
90,000 89,613 402.48 3.6292 5.2531
90,500 90,109 403.30 3.5464 5.1230
91,000 90,605 404.12 3.4657 4.9963
91,500 91,100 404.93 3.3870 4.8730
92,000 91,596 405.75 3.3103 4.7530
92,500 92,092 406.56 3.2354 4.6362
93,000 92,587 407.38 3.1624 4.5525
93,500 93,083 408.19 3.0912 + 1 4.4118 − 5
94,000 93,578 409.01 3.0217 4.3041
94,500 94,074 409.83 2.9539 4.1992
1108 Appendix E Standard Atmosphere, English Engineering Units

Altitude
h G , ft h, ft Temperature T , ◦ R Pressure p, lb/ft2 Density ρ, slugs/ft3
95,000 94,569 410.64 2.8878 4.0970
95,500 95,065 411.46 2.8233 3.9976
96,000 95,560 412.27 2.7604 3.9007
96,500 96,056 413.09 2.6989 3.8064
97,000 96,551 413.90 2.6390 3.7145
97,500 97,046 414.72 2.5805 3.6251
98,000 97,542 415.53 2.5234 3.5379
98,500 98,037 416.35 2.4677 + 1 3.4530 − 5
99,000 98,532 417.16 2.4134 3.3704
99,500 99,028 417.98 2.3603 3.2898
100,000 99,523 418.79 2.3085 3.2114
100,500 100,018 419.61 2.2580 3.1350
101,000 100,513 420.42 2.2086 3.0605
101,500 101,008 421.24 2.1604 2.9879
102,000 101,504 422.05 2.1134 2.9172
102,500 101,999 422.87 2.0675 2.8484
103,000 102,494 423.68 2.0226 2.7812
103,500 102,989 424.50 1.9789 + 1 2.7158 − 5
104,000 103,484 425.31 1.9361 2.6520
104,500 103,979 426.13 1.8944 2.5899
105,000 104,474 426.94 1.8536 2.5293
106,000 105,464 428.57 1.7749 2.4128
107,000 106,454 430.20 1.6999 2.3050
108,000 107,444 431.83 1.6282 2.1967
109,000 108,433 433.46 1.5599 2.0966
110,000 109,423 435.09 1.4947 2.0014
111,000 110,412 436.72 1.4324 1.9109
112,000 111,402 438.35 1.3730 + 1 1.8247 − 5
113,000 112,391 439.97 1.3162 1.7428
114,000 113,380 441.60 1.2620 1.6649
115,000 114,369 443.23 1.2102 1.5907
116,000 115,358 444.86 1.1607 1.5201
117,000 116,347 446.49 1.1134 1.4528
118,000 117,336 448.11 1.0682 1.3888
119,000 118,325 449.74 1.0250 1.3278
120,000 119,313 451.37 9.8372 + 0 1.2697
121,000 120,302 453.00 9.4422 1.2143
122,000 121,290 454.62 9.0645 + 0 1.1616 − 5
123,000 122,279 456.25 8.7032 1.1113
124,000 123,267 457.88 8.3575 1.0634
125,000 124,255 459.50 8.0267 1.0177
126,000 125,243 461.13 7.7102 9.7410 − 6
127,000 126,231 462.75 7.4072 9.3253
128,000 127,219 464.38 7.1172 8.9288
129,000 128,207 466.01 6.8395 8.5505
130,000 129,195 467.63 6.5735 8.1894
131,000 130,182 469.26 6.3188 7.8449
132,000 131,170 470.88 6.0748 + 0 7.5159 − 6
133,000 132,157 472.51 5.8411 7.2019
 Appendix E Standard Atmosphere, English Engineering Units 1109

Altitude
h G , ft h, ft Temperature T , ◦ R Pressure p, lb/ft2 Density ρ, slugs/ft3
134,000 133,145 474.13 5.6171 6.9020
135,000 134,132 475.76 5.4025 6.6156
136,000 135,119 477.38 5.1967 6.3420
137,000 136,106 479.01 4.9995 6.0806
138,000 137,093 480.63 4.8104 5.8309
139,000 138,080 482.26 4.6291 5.5922
140,000 139,066 483.88 4.4552 5.3640
141,000 140,053 485.50 4.2884 5.1460
142,000 141,040 487.13 4.1284 + 0 4.9374 − 6
143,000 142,026 488.75 3.9749 4.7380
144,000 143,013 490.38 3.8276 4.5473
145,000 143,999 492.00 3.6862 4.3649
146,000 144,985 493.62 3.5505 4.1904
147,000 145,971 495.24 3.4202 4.0234
148,000 146,957 496.87 3.2951 3.8636
149,000 147,943 498.49 3.1750 3.7106
150,000 148,929 500.11 3.0597 3.5642
151,000 149,915 501.74 2.9489 3.4241
152,000 150,900 503.36 2.8424 + 0 3.2898 − 6
153,000 151,886 504.98 2.7402 3.1613
154,000 152,871 506.60 2.6419 3.0382
155,000 153,856 508.22 2.5475 2.9202
156,000 154,842 508.79 2.4566 2.8130
157,000 155,827 508.79 2.3691 2.7127
158,000 156,812 508.79 2.2846 2.6160
159,000 157,797 508.79 2.2032 2.5228
160,000 158,782 508.79 2.1247 2.4329
161,000 159,797 508.79 2.0490 2.3462