bdkbZ 12 % dsnkjukFk flag

bdkbZ dh :ijs[kk

12-0 mn~ns”;
12-1 izLrkouk
12-2 dsnkjukFk flag vkSj mudh dkO; ifjf/k
12-3 vketu ds la?k’kZ dks [Link]
12-4 laosnukvksa dk iqujkfo’dkj
12-5 mEehn ds dfo
12-6 dfork vkSj yksdra=
12-7 la?k’kZ”khy thou dk fp=.k
12-8 ekr`Hkk’kkvksa dh i{k/kjrk
12-9 ^ck?k^ vkSj gekjk le;
12-10 Hkk’kk vkSj dkO;kRedrk
12-11 lkjka'k

12-
12-0 mn~ns”;

;g bl ikB~;Øe dh ckjgoha bdkbZ gSA bl bdkbZ dks i<+us ds ckn vki %

• Lkedkyhu dfork esa dsnkjukFk flag dh vofLFkfr ls ifjfpr gksa ldsaxh@ldsaxs(
• dsnkjukFk flag dh dfork esa yksd dh mifLFkfr dks le> ldsaxh@ldsaxs(
• dsnkjukFk flag ds Hkk’kk laca/kh n`f’Vdks.k ls ifjfpr gks ldsaxh@ldsaxs(
• dsnkjukFk flag dh dforkvksa esa mifLFkr jktuhfrd psruk dks le> ldsaxh@ldsaxs(
• dsnkjukFk flag dh dforkvksa esa fufgr oapuk ds fojks/k vkSj “kksf’krksa ds izfr i{k/kjrk
dks js[kkafdr dj ldsaxs@ldsaxh(
• tkfrjfgr lekt dh ladYiuk dks Lke> ldsaxs@ldsaxh vkSj
• dsnkjukFk flag dh dforvksa esa foU;Lr mEehn ds jlk;u dks le> ldsaxh@ldsaxsA

12-
12-1 izLrkouk

dsnkjukFk flag Lok/khurk ds ckn dh fganh dfork ds lokZf/kd yksdfiz; vkSj [Link] dfo;ksa
esa ,d gSaA mUgksaus vius dfo thou dk vkjaHk ,d xhrdkj ds :i esa fd;k FkkA vkt Hkh
muds xhrksa dks xhr fo/kk esa uoksUes’k djus ds dkj.k ;kn fd;k tkrk gSA lfPpnkuan ghjkuan
okRl;k;u vKs; us ^rhljk lIrd^ esa mudh dforkvksa ds lkFk muds xhrksa dks Hkh egRo
nsdj ladfyr fd;k gSA rhljk lIrd ds ckn mudk laxzg ^vHkh fcYdqy vHkh^ izdkf”kr
gqvkA ftldk fganh lekt us O;kid Lokxr fd;k FkkA ^vHkh fcYdqy vHkh^ ds chl o’kZ ckn
dsnkjukFk flag dk nwljk laxzg ^tehu id jgh gS^ izdkf”kr gqvkA bl laxzg us dsnkj th dks
fganh dfork esa iwjh rjg izfrf’Br dj fn;kA blds ckn muds izdkf”kr laxzg gSa & ;gka ls

116
ns[kks] vdky esa lkjl] mÙkj dchj vkSj vU; dfork,a] ck?k] VkWyLVk; vkSj lkbfdy] l`f’V
ij igjk( vkSj ernku dsUnz ij >idhA

dsnkjukFk flag dh dforkvksa us fganh dfork dk eqgkojk cny fn;kA u, dfo;ksa ij mudh
dfork dk xgjk izHkko gSA mUgksaus jktuhfrd psruk dh mYys[kuh; dfork,a fy[kha ysfdu
mudh dforkvksa esa dgha Hkh ukjsckth ugha gSA mudh dfork,a bl ckr dk izek.k gSa fd
mUgksaus psruk laiUu vkSj eu&efLr’d dk fojspu djus okyh dfork,a fy[kh gSaA ;g dguk
vko”;d gS fd dsnkjukFk flag fganh ds vfuok;Z dfo gSaA

12-
12-2 dsnkjukFk flag vkSj mudh dkO; ifjf/k
dsnkjukFk flag us dfo;ksa dh dbZ ihf<+;ksa dks izHkkfor vkSj laLdkfjr fd;kA os
vlafnX/k&izfrc)rk ds dfo FksA ;g vdkj.k ugha gS fd os cgqr ls u, dfo;ksa ds fiz; dfo
gSaA ,d ,sls dky[k.M esas tcfd ledkyhu fgUnh dfork esa dkO; rRo vkSj thou dh xf>u
le> dk yksi gks jgk gS] rc dsnkj th dh dforkvksa ls xqtjuk thou vkSj lekt ds
dbZ&dbZ dksuksa ls xqtjus tSlk gSA ;gk¡ dfork vkRek dh y; ikuk pkgrh gS vkSj vkRek dh
y; dfork esa lh> xbZ gSA oSls dsnkj th dh dfork esa ;g ,dk,d ugha gqvk gSA ;g lc
yxHkx vkjaHk ls gSA ;fn muds fo"k; esa vkykspd ;g dgrs gSa fd ^dsnkjukFk flag “kk;n
fgUnh ds ledkyhu dkO;&ifjn`”; esa vdsys ,sls dfo gSa tks ,d lkFk xk¡o ds Hkh dfo gSa
vkSj “kgj ds Hkh* rks mfpr gh dgrs gSaA ;gk¡ rhljs lIrd esa Nih xhr jpuk ^vkuk th
ckny t:j* ;k ckn dh ^tehu* ;k ^ikuh eas f?kjs yksx* ;k ^egkuxj esa dfo* ds lkFk 1978
dh dfork ^tks ,d L=h dks tkurk gS* ls ysdj *VkWyLVk; vkSj lk;fdy* esa ladfyr dfork
^fnYyh esa ccwy* dh ;kn LokHkkfod <ax ls vk ldrh gSA lkB o"kksZa ls vf/kd ds dkO; thou
esa dsnkj th 1956&57 esa Hkh lcls vyx vkSj u, ekus x, Fks vkSj 2018 esa Hkh ¼tcfd
HkkSfrd :Ik ls os gekjs chp ugha gSa½ os vU;ksa ls vyx] fof”k"V vkSj u, gSaA dbZ&dbZ vFkksZa esa
fof”k"V vkSj u,A cgqrksa dks mudh dfork,a /kM+du tSlh yxrh gSaA cgqrksa dks yxrk gS fd os
tks dguk pkgrs Fks mls loksZRRke <ax ls muds le; ds lcls thoUr dfo us dg fn;kA
tSls ;g nksgk gh &

dye NksM+ nks est+ ij] dkx+t+ j[k nks }kj

lkjh nqfu;k tk jgh] dfo th pyks ct+kjA

;gk¡ dsnkj th ds gh fiz; egkdfo fet+kZ x+kfyc dh ;kn vkrh gSA ckt+kj dks ysdj tks
foMEcukcks/k x+kfyc ds ogk¡ gS] og Ms<+ lkS o"kksZa ckn vkSj vf/kd rh{.krk ds lkFk dsnkj th
ds ogk¡ fn[krk gSA ;gk¡ rqyukRed v/;;u dk dksbZ edln ugha gSA dguk cl ;g gS fd
dsnkj th us ckj&ckj ;g fl) fd;k gS fd os NUn esa Hkh ledkyhu Hkko cks/k dks leFkZ <ax
ls vfHkO;Dr djus okys dfo gSaA mudk ,d vkSj nksgk nsf[k,&

Jksrk dcds mB x,] ikBd pys fons”k

dfo th vkvks ?kj pysa] jSu HkbZ ,fg ns”kA

vkt ds le; vkSj le; dh laosnu”khyrk ij blls ekfeZd vkSj /kkjnkj dfork b/kj ds o"kksZa
esa ugha fy[kh xbZ gSA ;g dsnkj th gh gaS tks ns[k jgs gSa fd ^cksfy;k¡ vokd gks jgh gSa* vkSj
^”kCn mM+s tk jgs gSa*A bUgsa cyiwoZd idM+us dh vko”;drk gS ojuk vfLerk [krjs eas iM+
tk,xhA rc dqN Hkh dke ugha vk,xkA fpYykus ds fy, Hkh viuh Hkk"kk vkSj mldh Rojk
117
pkfg,A ;g vkdkj.k ugha gS fd Hkkjr ds lcls vk/kqfud ekus tkus okys Kku ds izrhd ts-
,u-;w- esa fgUnh dh fLFkfr ij dfork fy[ks fcuk os ugha jg ikrsA bl dfork esa mudk nq%[k
vius le; ds nq%[k esa ?kqydj ,d cM+s lkaLd`frd iz”u dk :Ik /kkj.k djrk gSA Kku ds
loZFkk vk/kqfud dsUnzksa esa vke vkneh ¼ftlds da/ks ij vaxksNk gks vkSj gkFk esa xBjh½ dk izos”k
oftZr gSA ;fn og izos”k dj x;k rks gkL;kLin gks tk,xkA mldh Hkk"kk fpYyk mBsxhA
dsnkj th fy[krs gSa&

vkSj ;g rks eSaus ckn esa tkuk

mlds pys tkus ds dkQh nsj ckn
fd ftl le; esa fpYyk jgk Fkk
vly esa eSa pqi Fkk
tSls lc pqi Fks
vkSj esjh txg ;g esjh fgUnh Fkh
tks Hkjs ifjlj esa
vdsyh fPkYyk jgh FkhA

dguk u gksxk fd le; jgrs tkx tkus esa gh HkykbZ gSa ojuk Å¡V fdl djoV cSBsxk] ;g
vuqeku eqf”dy ugha gSA

dsnkj th dh ,d dfork gS ^cfyZu dh VwVh nhokj dks ns[kdj*A vn~Hkqr dforkA ckrphr ds
lcls vkReh; f”kYi esaA dfork cfYkZu esa “kq: gksrh gS ysfdu mldh vkRek blh Hkkjrh;
miegk}hi esa gSA ;g vdkj.k rks ugha fd dfork esa vgen Qjkt+ viuh x+t+y dk ,d
feljk Hkwy tkrs gSa vkSj dfo dks eglwl gksrk gS&

fiNys “ksj vkSj vxys ds chp dk

,d vtc lk lUukVk
Hkj x;k gS dejs esa
Ikj eq>s yxrk gS esjs Hkhrj dh og ikxy L=h
vc ,d nhokj ds vkxs [kM+h gS
vkSj ph[k jgh gS&*;g nhokj --------
vkf[kj ;g nhokj
dc VwVsxh\*

bruk gh ugha] dfo vkxs dguk ugha Hkwyrk&

brus cjl gq,

x+t+yksa ls Hkjs bl miegk}hi esa
eq>s ,d Hkwys gq, feljs dk vc Hkh bUrtkj gSA

dguk u gksxk fd ;g bUrtkj cgqrksa dks gSA mudks Hkh ftUgksaus vgen Qjkt+ dh x+t+y ugha
lquh gSA cgqrksa ds Hkhrj og ikxy L=h ph[k jgh gSA

ckt+kj vkt ds fo”o dk ;FkkFkZ cu pqdk gSA mlls eq¡g eksM+uk laHko ugha fn[krkA nks&nks
gkFk rks djuk gh gksxkA ;g ldkj.k gS fd dsnkj th dh dforkvksa esa ckt+kj ckj&ckj vkrk
gS D;ksafd og euq"; ds thou esa gj iy mifLFkr jg jgk gSA fQj dfo ls dSls NwVsxk! ihNs
m)`r nksgs esa Hkh ckt+kj Fkk vkSj ^viuh [k+cj* esa Hkh og gSA ;g vkSj ckr gS fd ;gk¡ dfork
vkSj ckt+kj dh VDdj Hkh gS&
118
 tkuk Fkk ckt+kj
eksecRRkh dh jks”kuh esa
eSa fy[krk jgk dfork
D;ksafd lkjs fgUnqLrku esa
fctyh xqy Fkh
vc ;g dSls crkš
ysfdu fNikš Hkh rks D;ksa
dfork vkSj ckt+kj dh ,d gYdh&lh Hkh VDdj
jksekafpr djrh gS eq>sA

;g gS dssnkjukFk flag dh dkO;&dykA dfork lh/ks g`n; esa mrj tk,A dsnkj th dfork esa
fuca/k ugha fy[krsA dHkh ugha fy[kkA ,slk os yskx djrs gSa] ftUgsa viuh dfork vkSj dyk ij
Hkjkslk ugha gksrkA dsnkj th lkQ&lkQ dgrs gSa&

Hkjus nks vius “kCnksa esa

Lkkjs “kgjksa dh [kkd&/kwy
bl ;k=k esa okilh ugha
cl pyrs tkuk gS vdwyA

;gh Hkjkslk dsnkj th dks foy{k.k vkSj egku cukrk gSA os viuh dforkvksa dks lsrs&ikslrs
ugha] cfYd mUgsa ;g vkns”k nsrs gSa &

Cku ldks vxj rks ctjh&fxV~Vh

Pkkgs dqN Hkh cu tkvks
<y tk, u fnu] NwV tk, u cl
vc tkvks esjh dforkvks!

dsnkj th dh dforkvksa esa dgha dksbZ Bgjko ugha gSA dksbZ fNiko Hkh ughaA os viuh dforkvksa
eas fdlh ,d yhd ij ugha pyrs cfYd cjkcj ubZ jkg cukrs gSaA mudh dforkvksa esa ,d
,slh vn`”; cspSuh gS] tks /khjs&/khjs ikBd esa lek tkrh gSA ,slh dyk tks thou esa ?kqy
tkrh gSA ftu yksxksa dks yxrk gS fd dsnkj th flQZ lkSUn;Z ds dfo gSa] os ,sls yksx gSa tks
;k rks dsnkj th dh dfork,a i<+rs ugha ;k dfork dh bdgjh le> ls xzLr gSaA dsnkj th
lk/kkj.k vkSj [kqjnqjk thou th jgs yksxksa ds dfo gSaA os vkfHktkR; oxZ ds dfo fdlh Hkh
lwjr esa ugha gSaA lu~ 1969 esa gh mUgksaus viuh ,d NksVh lh dfork ^Å¡pkbZ* esa fy[kk Fkk&

esjs “kgj ds yksxksa

;g fdruk Hk;kud gS
fd “kgj dh lkjh lhf<+;k¡ feydj
ftl egku Å¡pkbZ rd tkrh gSa
ogk¡ dksbZ ugha jgrk!

bruk gh ugha] ik¡p o"kZ vkSj igys 1964 esa viuh lqizfLk) dfork ^QdZ ugha iM+rk* esa mUgksaus
tks dgk Fkk og vke turk dk dfo gh dg ldrk gS&

vkSj ;g le; gS
tc jDr dh f”kjk,a “kjhj ls dVdj
119
 vyx gks tkrh gSa
vkSj ;g le; gS
tc esjs twrs ds vUnj dh ,d uUgh&lh dhy
rkjksa dks xM+us yxrh gSA

ipkl o"kksZa ckn vkt ds le; esa ;g lp vkSj vf/kd fonwzi gksdj gekjs thou esa mifLFkr
gSA lu~ 2005 esa izdkf”kr ^VkWyLVk; vkSj lk;fdy* laxzg dh igyh gh dfork esa dfo mu
yksxksa dh vksj ls cksy jgk gS] tks dke ij pys x, gSaA mls yxrk gS fd og ml ^fpm¡Vh*
dh rjQ ls cksy jgk gS] ^tks ukxklkdh esa vdsyh cp xbZ Fkh*A bls dgrs gSa dfork esa
loZgkjk psrukA dgha dksbZ ukjsckth ughaA dksbZ “kksj ughaA ;g vdkj.k ugha gS fd dsnkjukFk
flag dh dfork dks izse djus okyksa dh la[;k le; ds lkFk c<+rh xbZ gSA

12-
12-3 vketu ds la?k’kZ dks [Link]
dsnkjukFk flag ledkyhu fgUnh dfork ds f”k[kj dfo Fks] blls “kk;n gh fdlh dks badkj
gksA mUgksaus dfork@lkfgR; dh jktuhfr djus okys yksxksa ls fujis{k] dqEHkunkl vkSj
dchjnkl tSls lar dfo;ksa ds izfr xgjh d`rKrk ls Hkjh] ,slh dfork,a fy[kh gSa ftuesa
gekjh Hkk"kk vkSj ml Hkk"kk esa thou th jgs yksxksa dk LokfHkeku vkSj la?k"kZ [Link] ikrk gSA
mudh dfork,a ^jktuhfrd dfork* gksus dk “kksj ugha djrha ysfdu xgjs jktuhfrd ladrs ksa
vkSj fufgrkFkksZa ls Hkjh gqbZ gSaA euq";rk dh uhyh vkHkk vkSj jktuhfr dh ykfyek ls og
jlk;u rS;kj gksrk gS tks dsnkjukFk flag dh dfork dk thonzO; curk gSA ,d ,sls dfo dh
dfork dk thonzO; tks ^vkIropu* jpus ds vgadkj dk gj laHko izfrokn djrk gS vkSj ,d
iqj[ks ds le{k viuk iz”u bl rjg j[krk gS tkurk gw¡&

lekf/k ls QwVdj
vkrk ugha dksbZ mRRkj
fQj Hkh dfooj tkrs&tkrs iwN yw¡
;g dSlh vucu gS
dfork vkSj lhdjh ds chp
fd lfn;k¡ xqtj xbZa
vkSj nksuksa esa vkt rd iVh gh ugha!

vkSj ;g Hkh r; gS] tc rd ^lhdfj;k¡* lRrk ds naHk vSj neu&”kks"k.k ds vkDlhtu ij

pysaxh] ;g iVjh cSBus okyh ugha gSA dfork lHkh izdkj dh lhdfj;ksa dk lokZf/kd iqjkru
vkSj LFkk;h izfri{k gSA dsnkjukFk flag dh dfork,a fiNys lkB o"kksZa ls u flQZ bl euq’;/kehZ
izfri{k dk fujarj l`tu dj jgh gaS cfYd mls “kfDr&lEiUu Hkh cukrh jgh gSaA

vDlj ;g ns[kk x;k gS fd vuqHko ds f”k[kj ij igq¡ps dfo Hkh tkus&vutkus nqgjko ds
f”kdkj gksus yxrs gSaA ikBdksa&vkykspdksa dks eglwl gksrk gS fd ml dfo ds lalkj esa os
igys Hkh dqN mlh rjg dh /ofu;k¡ lqu pqds gSaA ysfdu dsnkjukFk flag dh dforkvksa dks
i<+rs gq, ,slk izrhr ugha gksrkA ,d ,slh mez tc Fkdku LFkk;h Hkko cu tkrh gS rc Hkh
dsnkjukFk flag dk dfo mez ds cks/k ds ckotwn lw;Z dks viuk ledkyhu crkrk gSA og mls
vius igys izse ds izfr}U}h dh rjg js[kkafdr djrs gq, /khjs ls ;g Hkh dgrk gS&

eSa mls blfy, Hkh tkurk gw¡

fd og cãkaM dk
120
 lcls lEiUu lkSnkxj gS
tks esjh i`Foh ds lkFk
rki vkSj ÅtkZ dh frtkjr djrk gS
rkfd mldk eksckby
gksrk jgs pktZA

dqN ckrksa dks dbZ dfo vlk/kkj.k fpYykgV ds lkFk dgrs gSa] fQj Hkh ckr vulquh jg tkrh
gSA blds lekUkkUrj dsnkj th cgqr la;r <ax ls viuh ckr dgrs gSa vkSj og lquus
okys@okfy;ksa dks viuh ckr yxus yxrh gSA ;g ^Lo* ds ^vU;* esa foyksiu ls fu%l`r dyk
gS tks dfork dks visf{kr Å"ek ls Hkj nsrh gSA

dsnkjukFk flag dh dforkvksa esa fonzksg ds dbZ :Ik gSaA os ,d ,sls dfo gSa tks ^oLrq* vkSj
^fu"izk.k* eku yh xbZ phtksa dh psruk dks js[kkafdr djrs gaSA dgus dh vko”;drk ugha fd
;g ^vfr lk/kkj.k* ds izfr fu"Bk dk izek.k gSA ^fonzksg* “kh"kZd dfork esa fcLrj vius dikl
esa okil tkuk pkgrk gSA ^dqlhZ vkSj est* laosnughurk dh bl vdky csyk dks bl rjg
ifjHkkf"kr djrs gSa&

vkidks lgrs&lgrs
gesa csrjg ;kn vk jgs gSa gekjs isM+
vkSj muds Hkhrj dk og ftUnk nzo
ftldh gR;k dj nh gS vkiusA

12-
12-4 laosnukvksa dk iqujkfo’dkj
dsnkjukFk flag dh dfork,a mu phtksa vkSj laosnukvksa dk iqujkfo’dkj djrh gSa tks gekjs
thou esa xgjs “kkfey gSa ysfdu ftudks ge Hkwy x, gSaA os ^dikl* ds Qwyksa ij dfork
fy[krs gq, mu i{kksa ij fopkj djrs gSa] ftu ij fdlh dh n`f"V yxHkx tkrh gh ughaA
dfork dh vkjafHkd iafDr;k¡ gSa&

os nsork dks ilUn ugha

ysfdu vk”p;Z bl ij ugha
vk”p;Z rks ;s gS fd dfox.k Hkh
fy[krs ugha dfork dikl ds Qwy ij
izsehtu HksaV esa nsrs ugha mls
dHkh ,d&nwljs dks
tcfd og gS fd uaxk gksus ls
cpkrk gS lcdks
vkSj lqrj x;k ekSle
rks Hkw[k vkSj I;kl ls Hkh
cpkrk gS og
bZ”oj dks rks BaM yxrh ugha
oSls uaxk gksuk Hkh
ogk¡ mruk gh lgt gS
mruk gh fnO;
blfy, bruk r; gS fd BaM ds fo#)
vkneh us gh [kkstk gksxk
121
 i`Foh ij igyk dikl dk QwyA

;g iwjh dfork lkgp;Z] lkSUn;Zcks/k vkSj foLej.k dh u;h O;k[;k djus ds lkFk gh cgqr
rsth ls vFkZghu gks jgs ,d “kCn ^d`rKrk* dks vius ikBdksa dh Le`fr dk fgLlk cukrh gSA
tks [kks jgk gS ysfdu ftls gj gky esa cpuk pkfg,] dsnkjukFk flag dh dfork,a viuh iwjh
lkeF;Z ls mlds lkFk vkSj mlds i{k esa [kM+h gSaA os i`Foh ls mlds ?kj dk irk iwNrs gq,
?kkl ds ikl tkrs gSa] mldh ijs”kkuh dks le>us dh dksf”k”k djrs gSa vkSj vius le; dh
lcls t:jh bckjr fy[krs gSa&

dqN lwpuk,¡ gSa mlds ikl

dqN ckrsa t:jh
tks og cqncqnkuk pkgrh gS
rqEgkjs dku esa
dHkh Hkh-------
dgha ls Hkh mx vkus dh
,d ftn gS og
nqfu;k dh lcls [kwclwjr ftn
Rkkfd ^mxuk* “kCn ftUnk jgs rqEgkjs “kCndks’k esaA

ns[kuk pkfg, fd dsnkjukFk flag fdl izdkj nwc tSlh ekewyh ?kkl dks fonzksg] LokfHkeku vkSj
l`tu ds ,d cM+s izrhd esa cny nsrs gSaA ;gh og n`f"V gS tks mUgsa fo”ks"k vkSj [Link] cukrh
gSA bu fnuksa gekjs ns”k esa tura= dh tks fLFkfr gS] mlesa bu iafDr;ksa ds xgjs jktuhfrd
vk”k;ksa dks le>k tk ldrk gS&
dHkh&dHkh yxrk gS
vkSj fiNys dqN le; ls
dqN T;knk gh yxrk gS
fd vkneh ds tura= esa
?kkl ds loky ij
gksuh pkfg, yEch ,d v[kaM cgl
ij tc rd og u gks
“kq#vkr ds rkSj ij EkSa ?kksf"kr djrk gw¡
fd vxys pquko esa
eSa ?kkl ds i{k esa
ernku d:¡xk
dksbZ pqus ;k u pqus
,d NksVh &lh iRRkh dk cSuj mBk, gq,
Okg rks ges”kk eSnku esa gS!

;gh ,d ltZd dk izfri{k gSA dfork dk “yk?; lkSUn;Z&cks/kA

nqfu;k esa rhu rjg ds dfo gksrs gSaA ,d] tks m/kkj dh lEink ij vius tUedky ls gh
oSf”od gksrs gSaA nks] tks flQZ LFkkuh; gksrs gSa vkSj mlh ds lkFk chr tkrs gSaA rhu] tks
LFkkuh;rk ds egRo ds lkFk oSf”od Hkko&cks/k ls Hkjs gksrs gSaA bl rhljs <ax ds dfo gh gj
Hkk"kk esa igyh iafDr ds dfo ekus tkrs gSaA fgUnh esa bl rhljs <ax dh O;k[;k ds fy,
dsnkjukFk flag dh dfork,a fo”oluh; vk/kkj lkexzh dk dk;Z djrh gSaA ^xhrk&”kSyh* esa
fy[kh mudh dfork ^,d iqjfcgk dk vkRedF;* LFkkuh; vkSj oSf”od Hkko&cks/k dk lqUnj

122
mnkgj.k gSA ;g dfork Hkkjrh; gksus ¼vU/k jk"Vªoknh ds vFkZ esa ugha½ dks Hkh lqUnj <ax ls
O;atfrr djrh gSA bldh vafre iafDr;k¡ gSa &

bl le; ;gk¡ gw¡

ij Bhd blh le;
cxnkn esa ftl fny dks
phj x;h xksyh
ogk¡ Hkh gw¡
gj fxjk [kwu
vius v¡xkSNs ls iksaNrk
eSa ogh iqjfcgk gw¡
tgk¡ Hkh gw¡A

bl iwjh dfork esa lh/ks&lh/ks dgha ftdz ugha vk;k gS ysfdu bls i<+rs gq, vfgalk ds egku
izLrksrk egkRek cq) vkSj euq’;rk ds vej xk;d dchj tSls fo”o&psrl iqjfc;ksa dh Le`fr
LokHkkfod :Ik ls mHkj vkrh gSA dkO; eeZKksa ls vyx ls ;g dgus dh t:jr ugha iM+rh
fd bl dfork dk ltZd cq) vkSj dchj dh /kjrh ls vk;k gSA

dsnkjukFk flag dh dkO;&dyk dk ,d izeq[k :Ik rc ns[kus esa vkrk gS tc os fdlh

lk/kkj.k lh ckr ls dfork “kq: djrs gSa ysfdu mls [Link] ,d ,slh lwfDr esa ys tkdj nsrs
gSa tks ikBd ds fy, u flQZ ledkyhu gksrh gS cfYd vFkZ dh cgqLrjh;rk mls vlk/kj.k
mPprk iznku djrh gSA ^foKku vkSj uhan* ,d ,slh gh dfork gSA

,d dfo ds iwjs thou esa dqN dfork,a ,slh gksrh gSa ftudk egRo ml dfo ds fy, ftruk
gksrk gS] mruk gh ml Hkk"kk ds fy, Hkh ftlesa og dfo laHko gqvk gksrk gSA dsnkj th ds
yEcs dfo&thou esa ,slh dbZ dfork,a gSaA bUgha esa ,d gS&eap vkSj eapkuA dfork ds vkjaHk
esa ,d NksVh &lh [Link] gS tks dfork ds izos”k&}kj dh rjg gSA cM+s Qyd okyh ;g
dfork ;gha ls [kqyus yxrh gSA ,d phuh ckS) fHk{kq ds cgkus ;g dfork euq";] euq";rk]
?kj vkSj ^jktuhfr dh va/ksjh xfy;ksa* rd vdFk vkSj vFkd vkoktkgh lEiUu djrh gSA dg
ldrs gSa fd ^eap vkSj epku^ ,d fo”ks"k dky[k.M dk dkO;kRed nLrkost gSA dfo us phuk
ckck dk tks ifjp; fn;k gS mlesa ftruh dfork gS] mruh gh thou dh vkHkk &

iRrksa dh rjg cksyrs

vkSj rus dh rjg pqi
,d fBaxus ls phuh fHkD[kq Fks os
ftUgsa ml tuin ds yksx dgrs Fks
phuk ckck
dc vk, Fks os jkekHkkj Lrwi ij
;g dksbZ ugha tkurk Fkk
Ikj tkuuk t:jh Hkh ugha Fkk
muds fy, rks cl bruk gh cgqr Fkk
fd ogk¡ Lrwi ij [kM+k gS
fpfM+;ksa ls txj&exj ,d ;qok cjxn
cjxn ij epku gS
vkSj epku ij jgrs gSa os
tkus fdrus le; lsA

123
viuh ,d vU; dfork ^vxj bl cLrh ls xqtjks* esa fir`lRRkk ij pksV djrs gq, dsnkjukFk
flag dgrs gSa&
FkksMk+ vkxs tkus ij
,d NksVk&lk ttZj ?kj rqEgsa feysxk
dqN le; igys rd
mlesa ,d cqf<+;k jgrh Fkh
enksZa dh nqfu;k ls yM+rh&>xM+rh
,d fuiV vdsyh [kqn~nkj vkSjr
Okg bl cLrh dh
Lkcls nenkj vkokt Fkh
Tkjk lkspuk bl ij
D;k ;g lEHko ugha fd ml ?kj dks
dj fn;k tk; ?kksf"kr
,d jk"Vªh; /kjksgjA

Tkkfgj gS] ;s iafDr;k¡ flQZ laLd`fr leh{kk dk m|e ugha djrha cfYd ;s ,d ubZ laLd`fr dh
izLrkouk Hkh rS;kj djrh gSaA bl laxzg esa dbZ ,sls izlax vkSj iafDr;k¡ gSa tks tkfr O;oLFkk
vkSj fir`lRRkk ds lewy uk”k dk mn~?kks"k djrh gSaA

12-
12-5 mEehn ds dfo
dsnkjukFk flag vius dfo thou ds vkjaHk ls gh mEekhn ds dfo gSa ysfdu os vius le; dh
dq:irk dks <dus dh dksf”k”k ugha djrsA ^l`f"V ij igjk* dfork esa ,d lw[krs o`{k ij cps
rhu &pkj iRrs ;fn mUgsa jksdrs vkSj yqHkkrs gSa rks ccwy ds uhps ,d etnwj L=h dk lks jgk
cPPkk Hkh mUgsa jksdrk vkSj O;fFkr djrk gSA os fugk;r lknk fn[krh ^iM+kl
s h* dfork esa vius
le; dh foMEcuk dks phUgrs gq, ikBd dks laosnuk dk FkekZehVj Fkek nsrs gSaA ,slk ogh
dfo dj ldrk gS] ftldh dyk lh> xbZ gksA v/kdpjk dfo ,slh dforkvksa esa eq¡g ds cy
fxjrk gSA

^iRuh dh vV~Bkbloha iq.;frfFk ij* “kh"kZd dfork dsnkj th ds dkO;&lalkj esa ,d vyx
rjg dh jpuk gSA ;g dfork xgjs vkRekykspu ls fu%l`r gSA viuh iRuh dks ;kn djrs gq,
dsnkj th fy[krs gSa&
Ikgys og xbZ
fQj ckjh&ckjh pys x,
cgqr ls fnu
vkSj <sj lkjs i{kh
vkSj tkus fdruh Hkk"kk,¡
fdrus tylzksr pys x, nqfu;k ls
tc og xbZA

fQj vkxs dsnkj th fy[krs gSa &

,d fnu ;g lkspdj
fd tks [kkyh gS
“kk;n dqN Hkj tk,
Okk;k dfork gks vk;k dzsefyu
124
 ns[k vk;k
yUnu
isfjl
vkSj lkr leqUnj ikj dk
fycVhZ LVsP;w
;kuh ,d cw<h+ fpfM+;k dh
Pwk¡----Pk¡w----pw¡----pw¡------
vkSj tks [kkyh Fkk
gksrk jgk [kkyh vkSj [kkyhA

dqN fjfDr;ksa dks ;k=k,a] in] iqjLdkj&lc feydj Hkh ugha Hkj ikrsA ;gh euq"; gksus dh
fu”kkuh Hkh gSA viuh ,d NksVh &lh dfork ^vk¡lw dk otu* esa dsnkj th tks dgrs gSa mls
bl dfork ds lkFk feykdj i<+uk pkfg,A ^vk¡lw dk otu* dh iafDr;k¡ gSa &

fdruh yk[k ph[kksa

fdrus djksM+ foykiksa&phRdkjksa ds ckn
fdlh vk¡[k ls Vidh
,d cw¡n dks uke feyk
vk¡lw
dkSu crk,xk
cw¡n ls vk¡lw
fdruk Hkkjh gS!

12-
12-6 dfork vkSj yksdra=
pqIih yksdra= ds fy, ,d cM+k [krjk gSA ge ,d ,sls le; esa gSa tc pqIih /khjs&/khjs ,d
/keZfujis{k vkpj.k esa cnyrh tk jgh gSA ft/kj nsf[k, yksx viuh &viuh pqIih esa viuk
Hkyk <¡w< jgs gSaA ;g ,d ,slh leL;k gS ftls vyx&vyx dfo vyx&vyx n`f"V ls ns[krs
vkSj vfHkO;Dr djrs gSaA dsnkjukFk flag bls fcYdqy tqnk ysfdu csgn izHkkoh <ax ls dfork
esa ykrs gSaA ^pqfIi;k¡* “kh"kZd dfork esa tc bu iafDr;ksa ds lkFk os vkrs gSa] rc ikBd ds
Hkhrj dqN VwVrk gS&

pqfIi;k¡ c<+rh tk jgh gSa

mu lkjh txgksa ij
tgk¡ cksyuk t+:jh Fkk
c<+rh tk jgh gSa os
tSls c<+rs gSa cky
tSls c<+rs gSa uk[kwu
vkSj vk”p;Z fd fdlh dks og xM+rk ughaA

^,d pqIih* ,d O;fDr ;k ifjokj dks [kkrh gS ysfdu ^pqfIi;k¡* vUrr% ,d jk"Vª dks xwaxk
dj nsrh gSaA dsnkj th dh ;g dfork fcuk vfrfjDr cksys gq, pqfIi;ksa ds fo:) vkokt
mBkrh gSA ,d cM+k dfo ¼mLrkn dfo½ flQZ dfork ugha fy[krk] og vius ckn vkus okys
dfo;ksa ds fy, lcd Hkh RkS;kj djrk gSA dgus dh t:jr ugha fd dsnkjukFk flag dh
dfork,a dfork Hkh gSa vkSj dfork dh ikB”kkyk HkhA ^l`f"V ij igjk* esa ,d dfork ^dfo
nsosUnz dqekj* “kh"kZd ls gSA ;g dfork dsnkj th ds ledkyhu vkSj vfHkUu fe= nsosUnz dqekj
125
¼caxkyh th½ ds ckjs esa gSA os ewyr% nfyr lekt FksA mudh dforkvksa esa ,sls izlax vkSj
ladsr Hkjs iM+s gSa tks rFkkdfFkr [Link] lekt esa tues dfo;ksa ds ogk¡ laHko gh ugha gks
ldrsA ekfeZd iafDr;ksa vkSj Le`fr;ksa ls Hkjh ;g dfork ,d lkFk J)katfy] Hkkokatfy vkSj
dkO;katfy gSA bl dfork dh ;s iafDr;k¡ “kCnksa esa lek, vFkZ ls dqN vf/kd dgrh gSa&

Pkyrs Fks lM+d ij

rks brus vuU; lk/kkj.k
fd v¡V ugha ldrs Fks
fdlh egkdkO; esa
ij fey ldrs Fks vkidks
fdlh Hkh eksM+ ij
;|fi mudks x,
dkQh fnu gq,
ij pkSafd,xk er
vxj fdlh fnu lglk
mu&lk dksbZ fn[k tk;
fdlh tkrd&dFkk esaA

12-
12-7 la?k’kZ”khy thou dk fp=.k
dsnkjukFk flag dh dforkvksa esa la?k"kZ”khy thou ds vusd fp= gSaA os cxqyksa ij fy[krs gq,
etnwjksa ds thou esa izos”k djrs gSaA ;g js[kkafdr djrs gSa fd etnwjh esa Hkh L=h&iq#"k dk
Hksn fdruk xgjk gSA “kke dks Fkds&gkjs ykSV jgs cxqyksa ds >q.M dks ns[kdj mUgsa ^[ksr etwj*
;kn vkrs gSaA mudh laosnuk blh rjg viuk foLrkj jprh gSA

^l`f"V ij igjk* esa ladfyr ^da/ks dh e`R;q* “kh"kZd dfork egt ml laxzg dh ugha] fgUnh
dfork dh ,d miyfC/k gSA esjh vf/kdre tkudkjh esa ,d ^gyokgs* ds vkSnkR; ij fy[kh
xbZ ;g fgUnh dh vdsyh dfork gSA ;g dfork ml O;oLFkk ij iz”u mBkrh gS ftlesa [ksr
dk ^ekfyd* dksbZ vkSj gksrk gS vkSj mlesa vUu mitkus okyk] mls vius ilhus ls lhapus
okyk egt ukSdj gksrk gS&,d gyokgkA bl dfork ds ^ykyeksgj* ^,d* gksrs gq, Hkh ek=
^,d* ugha gSaA os bl ns”k ds djksMk+ sa [ksfrgj etnwjksa dk izfrfuf/kRo djrs gSaA /kjrh dks ÅoZj
cukus okys] vUu mitkus okys vUunkrk ykyeksgj dk ?kj vki Hkh nsf[k,&

?kj rks D;k Fkk

Ikj nwljk dksbZ “kCn gS ugha esjh Hkk"kk esa
blfy, ^?kj* gh dgw¡xkA

vkSj blh ?kj esa xgjh ewPNkZ esa ysVs gq, gSa /khjksnkRRk uk;d ykyeksgj] ftuds ckjs esa lc
tkurs gSa&

,d ckj tc Hkjs vk"kk<+ esa

os pyk jgs Fks gy
vkSj vk/kh ls T;knk gks pqdh Fkh cksvkbZ
rks vpkud ,slk gqvk
fd /klddj cSB x;k ck;k¡ cSy
^vlxqu gS ;s*&os cqncqnk,
126
 fQj ck,¡ dks I;kj ls iqpdkjk
tq, dks gVk;k mlds da/ks ls
vkSj mlds uhps j[k fn;k viuk da/kk
vc ck,¡ vkneh
nkfgus cSy
dgrs gSa&ml cjl
,slh Qly gqbZ
tSlh dHkh ugha gqbZ FkhA

ysfdu lc tkurs gSa] blds cnys ykyeksgj dks dqN ugha feyk gksxkA r; gS] blds ckn Hkh
mudk ifjokj dHkh vk/ks isV vkSj dHkh Hkw[ks isV gh lks;k gksxkA dsnkj th us bl vekuoh;
vkSj “kks"k.k ij vk/kkfjr vleku O;oLFkk dks js[kkafdr djrs gq, fy[kk gS&

rks vc ;s oghs da/ks Fks

Okgh ykyeksgj
Tkks cjlksa rd fdlh vkSj ds [ksr esa
gy pykus ds ckn
bl le; lks jgs Fks xgjh ewPNkZ esa
viuh gh [kky dh [kjgjh [kfV;k ij
bl rjg&tSls ejuk Hkh dksbZ fn;k x;k dke gks t:jh
ftls iwjh ftEesnkjh ls iwjk gh djuk Fkk lk¡> gksrs&gksrsA

,d ,slk thou ftleas vius Je ij viuk vf/kdkj u gks] ejrs gq, Hkh ns[kdj ,slk yxs
tSls ;g fdlh vkSj dk fn;k dke gS] euq"; thou dh blls cM+h foMEcuk D;k gksxh!
dsnkjukFk flag dh ;g dfork bl foMEcuk dks ftl [Link] <ax ls lkeus j[krh gS]
mls ns[k&i<+dj fdlh Hkh lg`n; dh vkRek dk eq¡g [kqyk jg tkrk gSA iwjh dfork esa ,d
“kCn Hkh vfrfjDr ugha gSA dg ldrs gSa] ;g dfork gekjh laosnuk dh cqukoV ij izgkj
djrs gq, ,d ,slk vkbZuk lkeus j[k nsrh gS] ftlesa gekjs lHkh lkekftd] lkaLd`frd vkSj
vkfFkZd Nn~e eq¡g fNikrs fn[k tkrs gSA

12-
12-8 ekr`Hkk’kkvksa dh i{k/kjrk
,d dfo vkSj fpard ds :Ik esa dsnkjukFk flag ekr`Hkk"kkvksa ds i{k/kj FksA mUgksaus thou Hkj
viuh dforkvksa esa Hkkf"kd lkezkT;okn dk izfrdkj fd;kA ^Hkkstiqjh* ij fy[kh mudh
dforkvksa dks blh n`f"V ls ns[kuk pkfg,A dgus dh vko”;drk ugha fd vkfFkZd lkezkT;okn
vkSj Hkkf"kd lkezkT;okn ,d nwljs ds izcy i{k/kj vkSj lg;ksxh gSaA iwjh nqfu;k es ;fn
vkfFkZd lkezkT;okn ds lkFk&lkFk Hkkf"kd lkezkT;okn dks lQyrk fey tk,xh rks r; gS fd
,d cM+h vkcknh eq¡g esa tqcku ds ckotwn xwaxh gks tk,xhA ek¡ ds vafre laLdkj ds ckn xaxk
ls fuosnu esa dgh xbZ bu iafDr;ksa esa tks gS] og ek= viuh ek¡ ds izfr O;Dr dh xbZ fpUrk
ugha gS cfYd vkus okys ,d cM+s [krjs dk ladsrd gS&

eSaus HkkxhjFkh ls dgk &

ek¡]
ek¡ dk [;ky j[kuk
mls flQZ Hkkstiqjh vkrh gSA**

127
muds laxzg ^l`f"V ij igjk* esa ^Hkkstiqjh* “kh"kZd ls ,d Lora= dfork gh gSA blh laxzg esa
,d vkSj dfork ^ns”k vkSj ?kj* “kh"kZd ls gS ftlesa nks Hkk"kkvksa esa lekukUrj thou thus ds
lq[k vkSj }U} dk izHkkoh vadu gSA ^nsoukxjh* “kh"kZd dfork esa Hkk"kk fl)karksa dks /krk crkrs
gq, tks thou jkx foU;Lr gS] og dsnkjukFk flag dh vly igpku gSA ,slk thou jkx
xgjh lkekftd layXurk dh dks[k ls iSnk gksrk gSA ,slk de dforkvksa ds lkFk gksrk gS fd
mldh izR;sd iafDr vkidks vadokj nsrh pysA bl dfork dh dqN iafDr;k¡ nsf[k,&

^u* ,d LFkk;h izfrjks/k gS

gj vU;k; dkA*

;k bu iafDr;ksa dks nsf[k, &

^l* ds laxhr esa
laHko gS ,d gYdh&lh flldh
lqukbZ iM+s rqEgsa
gks ldrk gS ,d [kM+hikbZ ds uhps
fdlh fy[krs gq, gkFk dh
rdyhQ+ nch gks
dHkh ns[kuk /;ku ls
fdlh v{kj esa >ka¡ddj
ogk¡ jks”kukbZ ds ry esa
,d t+jk&lh jks”kuh
rqEgsa ges”kk fn[kkbZ iM+sxh
;g esjs ykssxksa dk mYykl gS
Tkks <y x;k gS ek=kvksa esa
vuqLokj esa mrj vk;k gS
dksbZ daBkojks/k
ij dkSu dg ldrk gS
blds vfUre [Link] ^g* esa
fdruh g¡lh gS
fdruk gkgkdkj!

dsnkj th dk ys[ku crkrk gS fd os Hkkjrh; Hkk"kkvksa ds chp vkoktkgh ds leFkZd FksaA os

fgUnh dks I;kj djrs Fks ysfdu lkFk gh vU; Hkkjrh; Hkk"kkvksa ds izfr xgjk vuqjkx j[krs FksA
bl laxzg esa ^fgUnh* “kh"kZd ls ,d dfork gS tks ey;ky; ds lqizfLk) dfo ds- lfPpnkuUnu
dks lefiZr gSA ;g leiZ.k vius vki esa ,d iwjk fopkj gSA ^vU;* ds izfr vknj dk lwpd
gSA ;g dfork ^jktHkk"kk* ds ljdkjh [ksy ls inkZ mBkrh gSA blesa ,d vuU; fgUnh izseh
¼tks fgUnh dk cM+k dfo Hkh gS½ yxHkx vkrZukn djrs gq, dgrk gS &

esjk vuqjks/k gS
Hkjs pkSjkgs ij djc) vuqjks/k
fd jkt ugha&Hkk"kk
Hkk"kk&Hkk"kk flQZ Hkk"kk jgus nks esjh Hkk"kk dks
blesa Hkjk gS ikl&iM+ksl
vkSj nwj&njkt dh bruh /ofu;ksa dk
cw¡n&cw¡n vdZ
fd eSa tc Hkh mls cksyrk gw¡
rks tSls dgha xgjs
128
 vjch&rqdhZ ckaXyk rsyqxw
;gk¡ rd fd ,d iRRkh ds fgyus dh vkokt+ Hkh
eSa lc cksyrk gw¡ t+jk&t+jk
tc cksyrk gw¡ fgUnh
vkSj tc Hkh cksyrk gw¡
;gh yxrk gS&
Lkkjs O;kdj.k esa
,d dkjd dh cspSuh gw¡
,d rn~Hko dk nq[k
rRle ds iM+kl s esaA

dguk gksxk] dsnkjukFk flag dh Hkk"kk laca/kh lHkh dfork,a lkaLd`frd lkezkT;okn dk rh{.k
izfrokn djrs gq, Hkkf"kd yksdra= dk ifjos”k l`ftr djrh gSaA

12-
12-9 ^ck?k^ vkSj gekjk le;
Bhd&Bhd ;kn ugha] laHkor% 1990 esa ^ck?k* dfork ds dqN [[Link] dks igyh ckj i<+k FkkA
dsnkj th dh izfrfuf/k dforkvksa ds laiknd ijekuan JhokLro us bl dfork ds lksyg
[[Link] dks ^izfrfuf/k dfork,a* esa 'kkfey djrs gq, mls ^<yrh 'krkCnh dk iapra=* dgk FkkA
izfrfuf/k dfork,a ds vuqlkj bu lksyg [[Link] dh jpuk 1984 esa gqbZ FkhA gkykafd 1996 esa
Hkkjrh; KkuihB ls iqLrddkj Nis ^ck?k%yECkh dfork* dh laf{kIr Hkwfedk esa dsnkjukFk flag
us ^ck?k* dh dksbZ jpuk frfFk ugha nh gSA ^izfrfuf/k dfork,a* vkSj ^ck?k%yEch dfork* esa [[Link]
dk Øe Hkh ,d&lk ugha gSA dsnkj th us Hkwfedk esa ;g Li"V Hkh dj fn;k gSA

iqLrd dh Hkwfedk esa dsnkukFk flag us iapra= vkSj bl dfork ds laca/k ij ,d [Link] dh
gS] tks bl dfork dks [kksyus esa lg;ksxh gS&^iapra=* ds xqafQr <k¡ps ls fudydj igyh ckj
tc ck?k dk fcac esjs eu esa dkSa/kk Fkk] rc ;g fcYdqy Li"V ugha Fkk fd og ,d yach
dkO;&Üka`[kyk dk cht&fcac cu ldrk gSA oLrqr% igys VqdM+s ds fy[ks tkus ds ckn gh ;g
igyh ckj yxk fd bl Øe dks vkSj vkxs c<+k;k tk ldrk gSA fQj rks ,d [kaM ds fdlh
vkarfjd ncko ls nwljk [kaM tSls vius&vki curk x;kA dFkkRed <k¡ps dh bl Lor%LQwrZ
iztuu'khyrk ls ;g esjk izFke dkO;kRed lk{kkRdkj FkkA*

ijekuan th us tc 1985 esa ^ck?k* dks ^<yrh 'krkCnh dk iapra=* dgk gksxk rc fuf'pr gh
muds tsgu esa rRdkyhu jktuhfrd] lkaLd`frd vkSj vkfFkZd cnyko jgs gksaxsA bl vksj
yksxkas dh n`f"V de tkrh gS ysfdu ;g ,d rF; gS fd bl eqYd ds cktkj esa cnyus dh
izfØ;k dks ftl fgUnh dfo us igyh ckj igpkuk Fkk] os dsnkjukFk flag gh FksA 1984 esa
fy[kh xbZ mudh dfork ^nkus* dks mnkjhdj.k vkSj eqDr cktkj ds bl nkSj esa u, fljs ls
i<+k tk ldrk gSA vkdkj esa csgn NksVh ;g dfork bl izdkj gS& ^ugha]@ge eaMh ugha
tk;asxs@[kfygku ls mBrs gq,@dgrs gSa nkus@Tkk;saxs rks fQj ykSVdj ugha
vk;saxs@Tkkrs&tkrs@dgrs tkrs gSa nkus@vxj ykSVdj vk;s Hkh@rks rqe gesa igpku ugha
ikvksxs@viuh vfUre fpV~Bh esa@fy[k Hkstrs gSa nkus@blds ckn eghuksa rd@cLrh esa@dksbZ
fpV~Vh ugha vkrhA

bl dfork dk var ftl lUUkkVs ds lkFk gksrk gS] mlh lUUkkVs ds lkFk ^ck?k* dk ikB mlds
dbZ ,sls vFkZ [kksyrk gS ftlds vDlj NwV tkus dk [krjk cuk jgrk gSA bl dfork esa
dsnkj th dh dkO; dyk us u;k mRl izkIr fd;k FkkA veweu os dFkk esa dfork ugha dgrsA
129
gk¡] mudh dforkvksa esa dFkk ds lw= gksrs gSaA bl vFkZ esa ;g dfork dsnkj th ds ifjfpr
:Ik fo/kku ds lekukUrj ,d loZFkk u, lkSUn;Z yksd dk l`tu djrh gS vkSj blhfy, bl
dfork dks ml <ax ls le>uk vkSj fo'ysf’kr djuk eqf'dy gS ftl <ax ls ^ek¡>h dk iqy*
tSlh dforkvksa dks le>k vkSj fo'ysf"kr fd;k tkrk gSA bl dfork ds ^vkeq[k* esa dfo tc
dgrk gS &
^fcac ugha
Ikzrhd ugha
Rkkj ugha
eSa gh dg¡wxk*

rks og ^ck?k* ds cgkus fiNyh 'krkCnh ds mRRkjk)Z esa mHkjh gkf'k, dh mu vkoktksa dks
js[kkafdr djrk gS] ftudh vksj ls izHkq oxZ lnSo cksyrk jgk vkSj vius ^izHkq* cus jgus dk
iq[rk bartke Hkh djrk jgkA fiNyh lnh ds mRRkjk)Z esa mHkjh vkSj mBh ;s os vkoktsa gSa tks
vius ^gksBksa dh FkjFkjkgV* fdlh dks ugha nsuk pkgrhaA ;s os yksx gSa tks viuh ihB ij iM+s
le; ds iatksa ds fu”kkuksa dk bfrgkl fdlh vkSj dh Hkk"kk esa vfHkO;Dr ugha djuk pkgrsA
;g mudk izfrdkj gSA dfo tkurk gS ryoksa esa tks tyu gS] efLr"d esa ogh fopkjksa dh
/ked gSA ;g yEch ;kruk ls eqfDr dk ?kks"[Link]&i= gS vkSj ;g ^ck?k* ds ek/;e ls vk;k gS]
ftls lkekU;r% vkrad dk izrhd ekuk tkrk gSA dsnkj th us ck?k dks dfork esa vius le;
ds etcwr rkys dh ^pkHkh* cuk fn;k gSA

^ck?k* ds lgkjs ;fn ge bDdhloha lnh dks le>us dh dksf'k'k djsa rks dbZ [Link]
fufgrkFkZ gkFk yxsaxsA dfork ds nwljs [k.M esa 'kgj esa ck?k ds vkus dk izlax gSA ck?k vk;k
ysfdu fdlh us ns[kk ugha&

fdlh us mls ns[kk ugha

v¡/ksjs esa lquh ugha fdlh us
mlds pyus dh vkokt+
fxjh ugha Fkh fdlh Hkh lM+d ij
[+kwu dh NksVh&lh ,d Hkh cw¡nA

vkSj ;g ck?k ykSV Hkh x;k &

vkSj tks pht+ tgk¡ Fkh

mls ogha NksM+dj
pqi vkSj fojDr
pyk x;k ckgj!

ysfdu rhljs [k.M esa ^dFkk dh vksV* esa cSBus ls Bhd igys og vius f'kdkj dk [kwu ih
pqdk gSA fiNyh lnh ds mRRkjk)Z dk ;g ^ck?k* vc bDdhloha lnh esa mnkjhdj.k dh nsg esa
iwjk dk iwjk izos'k dj x;k gSA fdlku vkRegR;k,a dj jgs gSa ysfdu ^gR;kjk* dgha fn[kkbZ
ugha ns jgkA og fdlkuksa&etnwjksa dk thonzO; ih dj ns'k ds ctV esa bckjr cu tkrk gSA
bDdhloha lnh esa bl ^ck?k* us ^eqfDr* dh Ropk /kkj.k dj yh gSA ;g ^ck?k* dHkh
lkEiznkf;drk dh vkx tykrk gS vkSj dHkh&dHkh vesfjdh lkezkT;okn dk izrhd cu tkrk
gSA cq) ds bl egkns'k esa vc ^ck?k* dk vkrad LFkkbZ lR; gS vkSj cq) dh egku d#.kk
egt okd~ foyklA bl dfork dk pkSFkk [k.M bl foMEcuk dk vk[;ku jprk gSA

130
^ck?k* nq%[k ugha tkurkA og nq%[k dk dkjd gSA dfork dk ck?k nq%[k ds le{k fu:ik; gS
ysfdu gekjs le; ds ^ck?k* lkekU; ykssxksa dks u flQZ nq%[k ns jgs gSa cfYd mUgsa gj izdkj ls
fu:ik; cukus dh vuojr lk/kuk esa layXu gSaA ;s nq%[k lekIr djus ds ckjs esa ugha fopkjrs
cfYd mls lukru lR; esa cnyus dk m|e djrs gSaA bu fnuksa ck?k vkSj cq) dk }U} Hkh
ugha gSA fgalk LFkkbZ Hkko gSA ;gk¡ dfo vrhr dk LoIu jprk gSA lkekU;r% vrhr dk [Link]
vkSj fo'ys"k.k fd;k tkrk gS ysfdu ^lkekU;* dh j{kk ds fy, dfo O;ogkj ds foijhr Hkh
tkrk gSA vc tcfd vfgalk egt Le`fr lR; gS rc dfo blh Le`fr ds ek/;e ls ,d fojkV
LoIu dk lt`u djrk gSA ,d ,sls uxj dk LOkIu tgk¡ &

bl rjg pyrk jgk

egku thou ml NksVs ls uxj dk
cq) dh d#.kk
vkSj ck?k ds vkrad dh
,d nwljs dks dkVrh gqbZ
nksgjh Nk;k esaA

vkSj bl izdkj lkFk gksus dk ;g vk”k; dnkfi ugha fd os iwjd gSa ,d nwljs dsA dfo
dguk ugha Hkwyrk&
bl rjg nksuksa ds chp
,d vtc&lk fj”rk Fkk
Tkgk¡ ,d vksj Hkw[k dh Hkw[k Fkh
nwljh vksj d#.kk gh d#.kk
vkSj nksuksa dh chp
dksbZ iqy ugha FkkA

dsnkjukFk flag euq"; vkSj izd`fr ds vkSnkR; ds xk;d gSaA mUgsa cq) dh d#.kk vkSj ck?k dh
fojkV mifLFkfr&nksuksa l`f"V ds iwjd yxrs gSaA izd`fr dh lgtrk] ljyrk] vO;k[;s;
lqanjrk vkSj dsnkj th dh dfork esa xgjk fj”rk gSA dsnkj th mu dfo;ksa esa ugha gSa tks
lgt dks tfVy cuk nsrs gSa cfYd os ,d ,sls dfo gSa tks l`f"V dh lgtrk dks mldh
[Link] ds lkFk ikBdksa ds Hkko vkSj foosd yksd esa ys tkus dk m|e djrs gSaA

dfork ds ik¡posa [k.M esa [ksr esa [kM+k ,d fo”kky yky VªSDVj gS vkSj nwljh vksj xUus ds
[ksr esa ^HkbZ] okg vn~Hkqr!* dgrk gqvk ck?k gSA bl dfork esa vpkud VªSDVj dk vkuk
vkLokn esa ck/kk Mkyrk gSA yxrk gS] bl dFkk esa VªSDVj dk D;k dke! Ysfdu tSls gh [k.M
iwjk gksrk gS oSls gh ikBd dks ;g le> esa vk tkrk gS fd VªSDVj egt VªSDVj ugha gS] og
fodkl dk izrhd HkhA dfiy nso us dsnkjukFk flag dh ^tkuoj* “kh"kZd dfork dks lkeus
j[krs gq, ^ck?k* ds bl [k.M dh csgn izklafxd O;k[;k dh gSA muds “kCn gSa
^&&&&&&&&& D;k ugha yxrk fd [ksr esa [kM+k ;g VªSDVj viuh nqtsZ;rk ls ck?k dh lkjh
xfjek dks fujLrdj jgk gS\ ck?k dh lRRkk dks pqukSrh nsrk gqvk] mlds fojkV vdsysiu dks
jkSanus dks rRij ;g VªSDVj D;k ml ck?k ls Hkh iq[rk vkSj Hk;kud&,d u;k ck?k ugha\
tkfgj gS fd bl u;s ck?k ds vfLrRo dks igys rks og viuh bZ";kZ tfur dYiukvksa ls
fujLr djus dh ps"Vk djrk gSA dYiuk djrk gS fd og gjkbZ esa iM+k gqvk ,d fo”kky nkuk
gS ftls nardFkkvksa dh cqf<+;k mBk ys tk,xh vkSj viuh [kqncqnkrh cVyksbZ esa idus ds fy,
Mky nsxhA exj tc bl dYiuk ls Hkh mldh psruk ij Nk;k gqvk fo”kky VªSDVj feVrk
ugha gS rks og ekuks og mldh lRRkk dks Lohdj dj ysrk gSA*

131
fgalk ls Hkjs bl O;kdqy le; esa dsnkjukFk flag dk ^ck?k* /khjs&/khjs mu [Link] dh vksj c<+rk
fn[krk gS ftlls euq";rk ds izfreku r; gksrs gSaA ^ck?k* dks bl :Ik esa izLrqr dj dsnkj th
vius le; dk ^fØfVd* jprs gSaA ,d i{kh vkSj ,d vkneh dks vxy&cxy fuHkZ; lqLrkrk
ns[kdj og eqX/k vkSj vokd~ gSA mls o`{k dk xhr lqukbZ nsrk gSA bu fnuksa tc yksxksa dks
vius gh Hkhrj dh vkokt lqukbZ ugha nsrh] tc f”kdkjh o`fRRk LFkkbZ Hkko curh tk jgh gS]
rc fgalk vkSj vkrad ds Ik;kZ; ^ck?k* dk bl dnj ekuoh; gks tkuk csgn [Link] gSA

^ck?k* dks ledkyhu jktuhfr ds lanHkZ esa Hkh i<+k tk ldrk gSA vktdy pkjksa rjQ pqIih
gSA ,d ,slh pqIih tks Hkkjrh; jktuhfr esa igys dHkh ugha ns[kh xbZA ^ck?k* dfork ds NBs
[k.M esa ^ck?k* vkSj ^ykseM+h* dk laokn gSA bl ;qfr ij Hkh /;ku t:j tkuk pkfg,A ^ck?k*
cspSu gSA og ykseM+h ls iz”u djrk gS&

;s vkneh yksx
brus pqi D;ksa jgrs gSa vktdy\

og laHkkouk Hkh trkrk gS&

gks ldrk gS
mUgsa dksbZ dk¡Vk xM+k gks!

vkSj bl dfork dk var gksrk gS&

;g ^nq[k* ,d ,slk “kCn Fkk
ftlds lkeus ck?k
fcydqy fu#ik; FkkA

tkfgj gS] ^ck?k* egkRek cq) vkSj egkRek xk¡/kh ugha gks ldrk vkSj ;g Hkh ,d Øwj lR; gS
fd cq) ,oa xk¡/kh vc thou dk vkn”kZ ugha jg x, gSaA mudk uke ckj&ckj fy;k tk,xk
ysfdu vkpj.k esa ?kqyus ugha fn;k tk,xkA dguk gksxk fd dsnkjukFk flag us ck?k vkSj nq%[k
ds cgkus vius le; dk “kksdxhr jpk gSA

bl dky[k.M esa tc euq"; gh euq"; ds fy, nq%[k l`ftr dj jgs gSa rc ,d ^ck?k* dk jksuk
vkSj mlds nq%[k dk dkj.k iwNus ds fy, [kjxks”k] Hkkyw vkSj frryh dk vkuk D;k ladsfrr
djrk gS\ D;k bl foyki dks ge ,d lkaLd`frd foyki vFkok egku tura= ds d#.k
foyki ds :Ik esa ugha i<+ ldrs!

dfork ds iUnzgosa [k.M esa i`Foh ij yEch lk¡l ysus okyk ^ck?k* tyrh ydM+h dks vius
lxksfr;k dh rjg eglwl djrk gSA vFkkZr~ tks vius ifjokj ds lnL; dh rjg gSa] os taxy
dV jgs gSaA ck?kksa ds jgus dh txgsa lekIr gks jgh gSaA iwathokn dh yiV pgq¡vksj c<+rh tk
jgh gSA l`f"V dk lkSUn;Z iwathokn dh euq"; vkSj izd`fr fojks/kh vo/[Link] dh vfXu esa tyus
dks foo”k gSA bl [k.M dh vafre iafDr;k¡ ^ck?k* ds Hkhrj iSnk gq, vkrad vkSj vlqj{kkcks/k
dh ekQZr ^lE;rk leh{kk* ds nkf;Ro dk fuoZgu djrh gSa&^fd vpkud mlus ns[kh ,d ejs
gq, ck?k dh@yach nsg@tks nhokj ij >wy jgh Fkh@ck?k us igyh ckj@fpYykuk pkgk@ij
fpYykuk mls vkrk ugha Fkk@fQj Hkh dgha vanj tSls fpYyk jgk Fkk og@fd oks ns[kks----oks
ns[kks@oks tks ogk¡ V¡xh gS nhokj ij@og esjh &gk¡] gk¡@og esjh nsg gS!

[k.M vBkjg dk vkjaHk bu iafDr;ksa ls gksrk gS&

mUgsa Mj gS fd ,d fnu
132
 u’V gks tk,¡xs lkjs&ds&lkjs ck?k
fd ,d fnu ,slk vk,xk
tc dksbZ fnu ugha gksxk
vkSj i`Foh ds lkjs&ds&lkjs ck?k
/kjs jg tk,¡xs
cPpksa dh fdrkcksa esaA

dfo bl Mj esa ,d cM+k Mj “kkfey djrk gS&^fd gkFk dgk¡ gksaxs@vk¡[ksa dgk¡ gksaxh tks
i<+saxh fdrkcsa@izsl dgk¡ gksaxs tks mUgsa Nkisaxs@”kgj dgk¡ gksaxs@Tkgk¡ <ysaxs Vkbi@iUuk dgk¡
gksxk ftl ij ^d* ds ckn@dgha ls mNyrk&dwnrk@vk tk,xk ^y* ;k ^’k*@ftls gok
lqusxh@vkSj viuh Le`fr esa x<+ ysxh@,d iwjk dk iwjk “kCn@ftls iRRks nqgjk,¡xs@vkSj tks
i`Foh ds fdUgha vn`”; rkjksa ls@gksrk gqvk@fdlh lqnjw vLirky dh f[kM+dh ds uhps@,d
ejrs gq, vkneh ds gksBksa rd igq¡pdj@Pkqids ls cu tk,xk@,d NksVk&lk ehBk&lk@Tkhus
dk xhr@Ekq>s Mj gS@,d csgn lh/kk@vkSj lknk&lk Mj@fd Mj dgk¡ gksxk\

vkSj ;gk¡ ;g dguk mfpr gh gksxk fd ;g ^Mj* og ^Mj* ugha gS ftls iwathokn vkSj
lkezkT;okn iSnk dj jgs gSaA dksbZ xyr u le> ys] blfy, dfo ,d ,sls vkneh ds cgkus]
tks dgha ugha Fkk ysfdu lc txg Fkk] dgrk gS&^ij nksLrks] gesa thuk gksxk@thuk gksxk
ck?k ds lkFk@vkSj ck?k ds fcuk Hkh thuk gksxk@thuk gksxk@tSls ikuh thrk gS@tSls iRFkj
thrk gS@thuk gksxk@thuk gksxk@jLlh ls >wydj@c/kLFky ls ykSVdj@thuk
gksxk@le;@pkgs ftruk de gks@LFkku@Pkkgs ml ls Hkh de@Pkkgs “kgj esa cph gks@Ckl
mruh&lh gok@ftruh ,d lkbfdy esa gksrh gS@ij thuk gksxk@thuk gksxk@vkSj
;gha@;gha@blh “kgj esa thuk gksxk@bap&bap thuk gksxk@pIik&pIik thuk gksxk@vkSj
tSls Hkh gks@;gk¡ ls ogk¡ rd@Lkewpk thuk gksxkA

vkSj bl izdkj ,d “kksdxhr ds Hkhrj ls egku thou jkx iSnk gksrk gSA ;gh dsnkjukFk flag
dh foy{k.k dkO;&dyk gSA ogk¡ vlqanj LFkkbZ gks gh ugha ldrkA dsnkjukFk flag dh dfork
Øwjrk ds va/ksjs esa euq";rk dk mtkyk <w¡<rh gSA ;g iwjh dfork ^ck?k* ds cgkus lk/kkj.k
euq"; ds la?k"kZ] mldh vlQyrk vkSj ftthfo’kk dk ,d egku :id rS;kj djrh gSA blesa
ftruk Hk; gS] mruk gh thou dk tknw HkhA iz[;kr vksfM+;k dfo gjizlkn nkl us Bhd
fy[kk gS& ^ck?k* dbZ vFkksaZ esa ,d [Link] dfork gSA dfork ds var esa tc ck?k dh xqjkZgV
Fkerh gS rks dfork dk tknw ,d ckj vkSj gekjs flj Pk<+dj cksyrk gS vkSj ;gha ls “kq: gksrh
gS “kwU; ds egko`RRk esa “kCnksa dh lkewfgd >ad`fr dh o`gRRkj ;k=k----------A*

12-
12-10 Hkk’kk vkSj dkO;kRedrk
dsnkj th ds ys[ku dk vkjaHk xhrksa ls gqvk FkkA ;g vdkj.k ugha gS fd mudh dfork,a
dfork dh “krZ ij ^dfork* gSaA mUgsa cykr~ dfork fl) djus dh t:jr ugha iM+rhA mudh
dforkvksa esa xgjk vuq”kklu foU;Lr gksrk gS ysfdu muesa :Ik vkSj vUroZLrq dks vyxkdj
ns[kuk vlaHko gSA dsnkj th esa :Ik dk vkxzg gS ysfdu viuh [Link] esa os vUroZLrq ds
lkSUn;Z ds dfo gSaA muesa mudh dforkvksa ls xqtjrs gq, flQZ fo"k; dk p;u ugha] “kCnksa dk
p;u vkSj Hkkf"kd foU;kl Hkh ns[kuk pkfg,A mudh ^cktkj esa vkfnoklh* dfork gks ;k
dSyk”kifr fu”kkn] “kqHkukjk;.k “kekZ vkSj futkeqn~nhu tSls bl egkns”k ds lk/kkj.k ykssxksa dks
lefiZr ^tgk¡ ls vugn “kq: gksrk gS* “kh"kZd dfork gks] mudh vlafnX/k izfrc)rk vius
ikBdksa dk Lokxr djrh feyrh gSA mudh dforkvksa esa egkdfo fujkyk dh vkokt dk
Lej.k gS rks ^vkneh vkSj Ik”kq ds chp iqy cus ghjk HkkbZ* dk Hkh Lej.k gS] ftUgsa dksbZ ugha
133
tkurkA ;g ;kn j[kus dh ckr gS fd dsnkjukFk flag ewyr% mu yksxksa ds dfo gSa tks nqfu;k
cukrs gSa ysfdu ftUgsa ;g nqfu;k u tkurh gS] u tkuuk pkgrh gSA bl vFkZ esa os egkRek
xk¡/kh ds ^vkf[kjh vkneh* vkSj MkWDVj vEcsMj ds liuksa ds dfo gSaA os ^,d BsB fdlku ds
lq[k* dks dkO;&fo"k; cukrs gSa vkSj mnkjhdj.k ds bl nkSj esa tc L=h dks egt ,d oLrq esa
cnyus dh gj laHko dksf”k”k dh tk jgh gS rc d`rKrk dk vkfne jkx lqukrs gSa&

fdlh dks I;kj djuk

rks pkgs pys tkuk lkr leqanj ikj
ij Hkwyuk er
fd rqEgkjh nsg us ,d nsg dk
ued [kk;k gSA

dsnkj th ds vc rd ds vafre laxzg ^l`f"V ij igjk* esa dbZ dfork,a NUn esa gSa vkSj
vkf[kjh dfork esa thou dk NUn gSA vejrk dh ikjEifjd le> vkSj /[Link] dk izR;k[;ku
djrs gq, lk/kkj.k ds vkSnkR; dk xhr lqukus okyk ;g dfo /khjs ls dgrk gS&

tkÅ¡xk dgk¡
jgw¡xk ;gha
fdlh fdokM+ ij
gkFk ds fu”kku dh rjg
iM+k jgw¡xk
fdlh iqjkus rk[ks
;k lanwd dh xa/k esa
fNik jgw¡xk eSa
nck jgw¡wxk fdlh jftLVj esa
vius LFkk;h irs ds
v{kjksa ds uhps
;k cu ldk
Rkks Å¡ph <ykuksa ij
ued <ksrs [kPPkjksa dh
?kaVh cu tkšxk
;k fQj ek¡>h ds iqy dh
dksbZ dhy
tkÅ¡xk dgk¡
ns[kuk
jgsxk lc tl dk rl
lQZ esjh fnup;kZ cny tk,xh
lk¡> dks tc ykSVsaxs i{kh
ykSV vkšxk eSa Hkh
lqcg tc mM+saxs
mM+ tkšxk muds lax-----A

dguk gksxk fd tc rd fgUnh dfork dk vfLrRo jgsxk] dsnkjukFk flag dgha ugha tk,axsA
mudh dforkvksa dk gksuk euq’;/kehZ Hkjksls dk gksuk gSA

134
cks/k iz”u &1
fuEufyf[kr iz”uksa ds mÙkj la{ksi esa nsaA

1- dsnkjukFk flag ds izeq[k laxzgksa ds uke fyf[k,A

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2- dsnkjukFk flag dh dfork esa vketu ds la?k’kZ ds fp=.k dk ifjp; nhft,A
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3- ekr`Hkk’kkvksa dh i{k/kjrk ij dsnkjukFk flag dh dfork esa fdl rjg fopkj fd;k
x;k gS\ Li’V dhft,A
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4- ^ck?k^ dfork ij laf{kIr [Link] dhft,A

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12-
12-11 lkjka”k
vkius ;g bdkbZ i<+ yh gSA bl bdkbZ dks i<+us ds ckn fuf”pr :i ls vkius dsnkjukFk
flag dh dfork dh fo”ks’krkvksa dks vkRelkr dj fy;k gSA vkius ;g tku fy;k gksxk fd
dsnkjukFk flag fganh ds ,sls fof”k’V dfo gSa ftudk xgjk izHkko 1980 ds ckn dh fganh
dfork ij fn[kkbZ nsrk gSA mUgksaus fganh dfork esa xkao vkSj “kgj ds la?k’kZ dks [Link] nhA
mudh dfork,a bl ckr dk izek.k gSa fd mUgksaus yksd dk iqujkfo’dkj fd;kA bl egkns”k
dh lk/kkj.k turk dks mudh dforkvksa esa Li’V uk;dRo feyk gSA

dsnkjukFk flag dh dfork,a “kksj ds fo:) l`tu ds jkx dh dfork,a gSaA mudh dfork,a
udkjkRedrk vkSj fo/oal dk izfrdkj djrs gq, ,d laosnu”khy vkSj psrl fo”o ds l`tu
dk LoIu ns[krh gSaA fu”p; gh bl bdkbZ ds v/;;u ds i”pkr vki ledkyhu fganh dfork
vkSj dsnkjukFk flag dh dfork ds lkeF;Z ls ifjfpr gks x, gksaxs@gksaxhA

vH;kl ds fy, iz”u

1- fganh dfork esa dsnkjukFk flag dk LFkku fu/kkZfjr dhft,A
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135
2- dsnkjukFk flag dh dfork esa mEehn ds Loj ij fopkj dhft,A
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3- dsnkjukFk flag dh Hkk’kk esa dkO;kRedrk ij [Link] dhft,A

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136