Correction du Devoir Surveillé – Mathématiques
Exercice 1
a = 7 + 2i , b = 4 + 8i , c = −2 + 5i , d = 10 + 11i
1) (c − a)/(b − a)
c − a = −9 + 3i
b − a = −3 + 6i
(c − a)/(b − a) = 1 + i
|1+i| = √2 ⇒ AC = AB√2
arg(1+i) = π/4 ⇒ (AB,AC) = π/4
2) (d − c)/(b − c) = 2 (nombre réel)
Donc B, C et D sont alignés.
Exercice 2
a = 2 − 2i
|a| = 2√2 , arg(a) = −π/4
a = 2√2 (cos(−π/4) + i sin(−π/4))
b = −√3/2 + 1/2 i = cos(5π/6) + i sin(5π/6)
On montre que : c = ab
|c| = 2√2
arg(c) = 7π/12
cos(7π/12) = (2 − √6)/4
sin(7π/12) = (√2 + √6)/4
Exercice 3 – Équations
1) e^(2x) = 1 ⇒ x = 0
2) 2e^(x−1) = 3 ⇒ x = 1 + ln(3/2)
3) (e^x − 1)(e^x − 3) = 0 ⇒ x = 0 ou x = ln3
4) (e^x − 4)/(e^x − 6) = 0 ⇒ x = ln4
5) e^(2x) + e^x − 12 = 0
Posons y = e^x → y² + y − 12 = 0
(y + 4)(y − 3) = 0 → x = ln3
Inéquations
1) 5 − e^x ≤ 1 → e^x ≥ 4 → x ≥ ln4
2) (e^x − 2)(e^x − 5) ≤ 0 → ln2 ≤ x ≤ ln5
3) 5e^(2x) − 2e^x − 3 ≥ 0 → x ≥ 0
Exercice 4 – Limites
1) lim(x→−∞) (2x + e^x) = −∞
2) lim(x→+∞) (3x + e^(−2x)) = +∞
3) lim(x→+∞) e^x/(x+1) = +∞
4) lim(x→+∞) (3e^x − 4)/(2e^x + 5) = 3/2