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Contenido

esconder
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(Arriba)

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Herramientas y materiales

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Anglos

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bordes rectos

o
Robo
 o
Lapidación

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Otros bordes

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Como ocupación o servicio

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Véase también

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Referencias

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Enlaces externos

Afilado
 Artículo
 Hablar
 Leer
 Editar
 Ver historial

Herramientas

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Apariencia
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Texto

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 Pequeño

Estándar

Grande
Ancho

Estándar

Ancho
Color (beta)

Automático

Luz

Oscuro
De Wikipedia, la enciclopedia libre
No debe confundirse con el enfoque de imagen .
Este artículo incluye una lista de referencias generales ,
pero carece de suficientes citas en línea . Por favor, ayude
a mejorar este artículo añadiendo citas más precisas. ( Enero de
2010 ) ( Aprenda cómo y cuándo eliminar este mensaje )

Un afilador de cuchillos de carburo de

tungsteno portátil , con protector de dedos, puede utilizarse para afilar filos lisos y
serrados en navajas de bolsillo y multiherramientas .
El afilado es el proceso de crear o refinar una hoja , uniendo dos caras no
coplanares en un vértice convergente , creando así un filo con la forma adecuada
en una herramienta o instrumento diseñado para cortar . Para mejorar el filo , se
elimina material de la herramienta con una sustancia abrasiva más dura que el
material de la herramienta, seguido a veces de procesos de pulido o pulido para
aumentar la suavidad.
Herramientas y materiales
Esta sección necesita
ampliarse . Puedes
ayudar añadiendo
información . ( Junio de
2008 )

Vídeo: Máquina afiladora de hojas de sierra

Filo/ápice de un cuchillo tras afilarlo y asentarlo. Si bien este filo es lo
suficientemente agudo como para cortar una uña, cortar papel con facilidad o
afeitar el vello del brazo, el microscopio muestra claramente un filo que refleja la
luz hacia la lente. Un filo verdaderamente afilado es demasiado delgado para
reflejar una cantidad significativa de luz.
Existen muchas maneras de afilar herramientas. Las superficies de metales
maleables, como el bronce , el hierro y el acero dulce, pueden afilarse mediante
golpes o martillazos sobre una superficie plana. Este proceso también
provoca endurecimiento por deformación .

Se puede frotar un material abrasivo contra el filo que se va a afilar. El material

abrasivo más tradicional es una piedra natural como la arenisca o el granito . Las
modernas muelas abrasivas sintéticas y las piedras de afilar planas se fabrican
con grados de abrasión precisos según el proceso previsto. Un filo afilado se
puede afilar con una chaira .

La sustancia de la superficie de afilado debe ser más dura (la dureza se mide en
la escala de Mohs ) que el material que se afila. El diamante es extremadamente
duro, lo que hace que el polvo de diamante sea muy eficaz para afilar, aunque
caro. Existen abrasivos menos costosos, pero menos duros, como las piedras de
agua japonesas sintéticas y naturales. Varios fabricantes de cuchillería ofrecen
ahora afiladores eléctricos de cuchillos con múltiples etapas, incluyendo al menos
una etapa de molienda. Estos afiladores eléctricos se utilizan normalmente en la
cocina, pero también permiten afilar hojas como navajas de bolsillo o tácticas. La
principal ventaja de usar un afilador eléctrico es la rapidez; muchos modelos
pueden completar el proceso de afilado en uno o dos minutos. La desventaja es
que el ángulo de afilado es fijo, por lo que algunos cuchillos especializados, como
el Santoku japonés, pueden requerir atención adicional para lograr el ángulo ideal.
Anglos

Herramientas de afilado
Very sharp knives sharpen at about 10 d.p.s (degrees per side) (which implies that
the knife's edge has an included angle of 20-degrees). Generally speaking, razors,
paring knives, and fillet knives should be the sharpest knives at an angle of 12° –
18°. Most kitchen knives, like utility/slicing knives, chef's knives, boning knives,
carving knives, should be sharpened to 15° – 25°. The exceptions are Japanese
style knives that are usually sharpened to 14° – 16° depending on the knife maker.
Japanese style knives utilize a much harder steel, and are therefore more brittle
than their Western style counterparts. This means care should be taken when
handling these knives as they are susceptible to chipping and breaking. The
sporting knife category, including pocket knives, survival knives, and hunting
knives, sees more intense action and should be sharpened to the 25° – 30° angle
range. The less sharp angle means there is more metal there to cut, thus providing
more durability out in the field. For an extremely durable edge,
a machete, chisel, drawknife or ax should be sharpened down to 30° – 40°
providing even more ruggedness and longer lasting sharpness.

The sharpness is measured at the microscopic level where the face of your
implement may have an angle however at the convergence of the two angles is a
joining point called the "Apex".

Straight edges
 A two-man team sharpen a knife at high speed
Many implements have a cutting edge which is essentially straight. Knives, chisels,
straight-edge razors, and scissors are examples. Sharpening a straight edge is
relatively simple, and can be done by using either a simple sharpening device
which is very easy to use but will not produce the best possible results, or by the
skillful use of oil or water grinding stones, grinding wheels, hones, etc.

Sharpening these implements can be expressed as the creation of two intersecting

planes which produce an edge that is sharp enough to cut through the target
material. For example, the blade of a steel knife is ground to a bevel so that the
two sides of the blade meet. This edge is then refined by honing until the blade is
capable of cutting.

The extent to which this honing takes place depends upon the intended use of the
tool or implement. For some applications an edge with a certain amount
of jaggedness is acceptable, or even desirable, as this creates a serrated cutting
edge. In other applications the edge must be as smooth as possible.

Steeling
Main article: Honing steel
Sharpening straight edges (knives, chisels, etc.) by hand can be divided into
phases. First the edge is sharpened with an abrasive sharpening stone, or a
succession of increasingly fine stones, which shape the blade by removing
material; the finer the abrasive the finer the finish. Then the edge may
be stropped by polishing the edge with a fine abrasive such as rouge or tripoli on a
piece of stout leather or canvas. The edge may be steeled or honed by passing the
blade against a hard metal or ceramic "steel" which plastically deforms and
straightens the material of the blade's edge which may have been rolled over
irregularly in use, but not enough to need complete rehappening.

Stoning
Main article: Sharpening stone
 sharpening of cutlass
Other edges
This section needs
expansion. You can help
by adding to it. (June 2008)

Different techniques are required where the edges are not straight. Special tools
and skills are more often required, and sharpening is often best done by a
specialist rather than the user of the tool.

Examples include:

 Drill bits - twist drills used for wood or steel are usually sharpened on a
grinding wheel or within a purpose made grinding jig to an angle of 60°
from vertical (120° total) although sharper angles may be used for hard
or brittle materials such as glass.
 Saws have teeth, typically splayed from the blade so that the cutting
edge removes enough material to allow the whole blade to pass freely
through the cleft material. Usually only the leading edge of the saw blade
is sharpened.
As an occupation or service
Further information: Scissor grinder
 A roadside knife grinder on rue Faidherbe (11e
arrondissement) in Paris. He is one of the few knife grinders who still practise in
[Link] tools
A number of blade sharpeners operate a mobile business,[1][2] traveling to their
customers locations, often in highly equipped vehicles.

Less common in developed nations. Still very common in many areas of the world,
skilled craftsmen provide a roadside sharpening service for kitchen knives and
cleavers, scissors, and sometimes other blades.

They commonly have a 'round' which may include trades such as butchers or
barbers some of whom, in addition to using the service for their own tools may act
as 'agents' collecting instruments for the general public.

Sharpeners may also have regular 'stops' in busy streets or residential areas,
calling out to people from their homes or businesses using musical instruments
such as handbells or pipes.

The sharpener usually has some sort of mobile work bench with a grinding wheel
which may be powered by hand, using a bicycle mechanism or electric motor.
 A cook for railroad workers sharpens a knife on a stone
wheel, in the fields of Western Australia, 1927
As well as coarse grinding, sharpeners also typically 'dress' the cutting edges with
a sharpening stone or honing steel, secure or replace loose handles and generally
offer advice and assistance regarding best practice. Some also sell knives and
related products.

Modern mobile sharpening services will travel in a Van or Bus and have a
workshop inside that allows them to service the edges of different various tools and
instruments. There are two major forms of sharpening or sharpeners where you
sharpen as a hobbyist and "make it work" or you are a craftsman that strives to
learn different styles of sharpening and how they perform under different
applications.

See also
 Blade
 Grinding machine
 Knife sharpening
 Razor strop
 Saw set
 Sharpening jig
 Sharpening stone
 Sharpness (cutting)
References
1. Jonathan Donner (18 August 2006). "Internet use (and non-use) among
urban microenterprises in the developing world: an update from
India" (PDF). Microsoft Research India. pp. 8–10, 19. Retrieved 28
March 2013.
2. Kristi Wetsch. "Entrepreneurial Skills Building". University of Montana,
Rural Institute. Retrieved 28 March 2013.
 John Pool - Craftsman Sharpener and Artisan of Shears and Cutlery
- [Link]

 Leonard Lee (1995). The Complete Guide to Sharpening. Taunton

Press. ISBN 978-1561581252.
External links
 A Guide to Honing and Sharpening
 John Pool - Craftsman Sharpener | Artisan of Shears and Cutlery - Battle
Born Blade Sharpening
Authority control databases

ational  GND

 United States
 France
ational
 BnF data
 Israel

Other  Yale LUX

Categories:
 Sharpening
 Woodcarving
 Woodworking tools
 Woodworking techniques
 This page was last edited on 19 October 2025, at 23:20 (UTC).
 El texto está disponible bajo la Licencia Creative Commons Atribución-CompartirIgual 4.0 ; pueden
aplicarse términos adicionales. Al usar este sitio, aceptas los Términos de uso y la Política de
privacidad . Wikipedia® es una marca registrada de la Fundación Wikimedia, Inc. , una organización
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