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Carta de Secretaría General
Estimados(as) delegados(as) y Faculty Advisors,
El cuerpo de Secretaría General tiene el magno honor de poder darles la bienvenida al
Modelo de Naciones Unidas organizado por el Colegio de Alto Rendimiento de
Lambayeque 2022, el cuál es parte de red infinita de estos Colegios de Alto Rendimiento
por todo el Perú, que tienen como finalidad fortalecer en los estudiantes habilidades
blandas que los permitirán llegar a ser agentes del cambio social que el mundo necesita
de manera eficaz. Con esta edición, se espera traspasar los límites de una simple dinámica
de debate, a una motivación constante en los participantes de poder cambiar su entorno
con una mentalidad brillante.
El lanzamiento de esta Tercera Edición del COARMUN – Lambayeque confiere a la larga
trayectoria en debates que posee el prestigioso Colegio de Alto Rendimiento de
Lambayeque. El COAR Lambayeque emprende su experiencia en MUN desde el año
2019 tras el lanzamiento de su primera edición “COARMUN International Edition” que
abrió las puertas a la ejecución de más modelos representados por la institución; de la
misma manera, gracias a la destacada participación de muchos estudiantes, se formó el
club oficial de MUN en el COAR Lambayeque, logrando reconocimientos para la
honorable institución al participar como delegación larga en diversos Modelos de
Naciones Unidas.
Es una completa satisfacción poder continuar con el legado de participación que muchos
de nuestros antiguos compañeros que fueron parte de COAR Lambayeque nos brindaron
al debatir en este tipo de conferencias, logrando expandir los horizontes para crear un
modelo en honor a ellos y toda la comunidad educativa, que lucha día a día para plasmar
en los jóvenes valores y pensamiento crítico, que los llevarán a ser líderes del cambio
social que se espera para progresar como sociedad y como nación a su cargo. MUN no
solo se limita a una conferencia donde jóvenes debaten, MUN va más allá de la
complejidad que presenta el mundo con sus problemáticas, este contribuye al
planteamiento de soluciones qué, aunque suenen no muy viables construidas por
adolescentes, sirven para el progreso de cada uno y que, a futuro, mejoren su visión de
solución y propongan alternativas innovadoras que estructuren una comunidad consiente
y sostenible para enfrentar nuevas cuestiones que se aparezcan en el mundo. Todos son
capaces de llegar a desarrollar las siguientes capacidades con el apoyo de este tipo de
modelos, porque todo es un proceso constante, donde si bien requerirá de mucho tiempo
y esfuerzo, se puede asegurar que no habrá gasto alguno de tiempo, porque cada minuto
que los jóvenes le dedican a debatir casos reales, simboliza los minutos que ellos crean
en el mañana para asegurar del mundo una buena estadía y convivencia.
Finalmente, agradecemos infinitamente el empeño que todo el equipo educativo nos
brinda para poder ser capaces de organizar este evento y que sea del agrado para todos
los estudiantes que tienen aquel motor que los motiva a ser mejores personas y crecer
para mejorar el mundo. Esperamos que dentro de estos días de debate puedan sacar a
relucir todas esas habilidades de dialogo, negociación y liderazgo que personalizan a un
estudiante de impacto y relevancia en la población, para que este logre demostrar los
cambios positivos que se pueden realizar dentro de ella.
Lía Antonella Uceda Prado, Secretaria General
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Index
Letter from Director ………………………...…………………..…………………….. 03
Letter from deputy director ………………………………............................................ 04
Committee presentation ……………………………………………………………….. 05
Introduction to the topic ................................................................................................. 06
a. History
b. Domains of human development
c. Human Development and the Capabilities approach
d. Determining factors
Key concepts ………………………………………………………………………….. 08
Current situation ……………………………………………………………………..... 09
Positions per blocks ………………………………………………………………….... 11
Possible solutions ……………………………………………………………………... 13
Qarmas ………………………………………………………………………………... 14
Suggestions for the position papers ..………………………………………………….. 14
Bibliographic references ……………………………………………………………..... 15
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Letter from Director
Dear delegates and/or faculty advisors,
It is a pleasure for me to be your director in this third edition of COAR MUN, in this
special case with the UNDP committee. I am Joselyn Rivera and I am currently OF
Grantee 2022. I hope you have the excitement to discuss with us this interesting case in
the word. To tell you a little more about me, I am passionate about political science in all
its aspects, although I always look objectively at the legal, regulatory and economic
frameworks. I am excited to share this incredible experience with you, hoping that our
work can be enough for you to learn successfully.
As for my Model UN experience, I could sum it up in one word: learning. Every
committee and board is different and that is precisely what allows you to keep improving
as a delegate. Establishing bonds of friendship, having that roller coaster of emotions as
you see everything happen spontaneously, facing real strategic leadership challenges and
being able to get involved in global problems by proposing optimal solutions, in addition
to strengthening your soft skills is magnificent. All this and more is MUN.
Now, speaking of our topic, I think it is important to take into account the current situation
in Argentina and to analyze similar cases in other countries in order to respond assertively
in this specific country. UNDP has four direct areas and conceives alternative failures that
allow completing the missions and issues worldwide. In order to plan for their solution,
it is critical to know how, when and who or whom could help in the decline of human
development. We believe that it is time to act on social strategies that contribute to the
prosperous development of a country, favoring its quality of life.
In closing, I would like to thank you very much for electing us to this commission, and
we are going to have a lot of fun listening to your proposals and holding the corresponding
sessions! Take a risk and be the leaders that our world needs.
If you have any doubts or specific questions you can contact me through my personal
email: [Link]@[Link] or you can send me a message at: 933971760. I will
always be there to support you.
Break a leg!
Joselyn Rivera Davila
UNDP Director
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Letter from deputy director
Greetings Delegates,
Welcome to the United Nations Development Programme, my name is Jhonatan Miguel
Zumaeta Pérez, who will accompany you in these three sessions as deputy director,
ensuring that the debate goes as smoothly and successfully as possible. It is a pleasure for
me to be in front of you in this position because I know that you are young people with a
lot of potential and can make this debate a very rewarding experience.
My experience within the Model United Nations has not been very direct; however, I
have had the opportunity to participate in small debate groups at the local and national
levels, such as in the Student Leadership Program, which is part of Enseña Perú, which
has a model similar to that of the United Nations. I would like to emphasize that research,
tolerance and leadership are fundamental pillars of a debate.
Finally, I do not wish you luck but success in this event, concentrate on the presentation
of your proposals, which I am sure are very well argued and demonstrate the arduous
research process you followed to propose the most viable and coherent solutions to this
extremely important issue. Feel comfortable and confident, but don't take advantage of it,
surprise me!
If you have any questions about the committee, the process or the event in general, do not
hesitate to contact me through my email jhonatanzumaeta12@[Link], I will be very
happy to answer them. See you!
Jhonatan Miguel Zumaeta Pérez
Deputy director – UNDP
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I. Committee presentation
UNDP, standing for The United Nations Development
Programme (UNDP), was founded on November 22, 1965 with
the merging of the Expanded Programme of Technical
Assistance (EPTA) and the Special Fund in 1958.
It can be defined as the United Nations agency tasked with
helping countries eliminate poverty and achieve sustainable
economic growth and human development, playing a substantial
role in meeting the United Nations’s Sustainable Development
Goals. It is considered the largest UN development aid agency,
with offices in 170 countries, which facilitates its mission to end
poverty, build democratic governance, rule of law, and create
inclusive institutions around the world in a comprehensive
manner.
UNDP’S course of action encompasses helping countries to
develop policies, teaching leadership skills, partnering abilities,
institutional capabilities, and building resilience to achieve
multisectoral and coherent responses, from local to global. This
course of action is developed through three focus areas; sustainable development,
democratic governance, peace building, and climate and disaster resilience.
UNDP’s work has to be adapted to a range of country contexts given that the quality of
their problems require tailor made solutions that can adequately address specific deficits
and barriers; which makes global collaboration an imperative condition for the success of
this committee's mission.
UNDP plays a pivotal role in international development as a knowledge broker, capacity
builder, innovator, and facilitator of exchanges in the global development debate.
UNDP obtains funding from Member States, multilateral organizations, the private
sector, and other sources, contributing approximately USD 5 billion annually, with the
Executive Board deciding on budgets and financial plans. 19 Additional funding for
individual projects and activities may be provided directly by organizations and
governments, although UNDP remains the primary source of funding.20 With projects in
over 170 countries, UNDP tracks the allocation of its budget according to themes such as
inclusive and sustainable growth, basic services, recovery, and risk reduction among
others
UNDP does not adopt resolutions, instead, its work is carried out by its offices in different
countries, which are focused on helping countries develop policies, institutional abilities,
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leadership skills, and resilience to achieve poverty eradication and the reduction of
inequalities.26 To assist in these efforts, UNDP also administers and utilizes the UN
Volunteers program and the UN Capital Development Fund.27 Partnerships are crucial
to the work of UNDP as they enable UNDP to finance its various activities and implement
projects.
II. Introduction to the topic
Definitely, the situation that Argentina is going through today is very different from those
projections that were awarded to this country 15 or 20 years ago, and it is that the variation
and differences that it has at the political level have prevented it from growing fruitfully.
Thus, UNDP (2018) has mentioned this definition includes the options that each person
has (autonomy), opportunities in education, medical care, economic income and
accessibility to employment with the political and economic freedom that correspond to
each individual.
II.1. History:
To understand a little more about the situation in Argentina, we must go back to the 20th
century when this country seemed to have enough qualities to become a great world
power. Argentina in those years was located in the 10 richest countries in the world, with
good tourism flows and a fairly stable and sufficient economy for its population.
Argentina's economy was at its peak, based on the exploitation of its land and the
production and export of primary goods.
However, when contrasting this information with the current one, the bad actions that
have led to this prediction not having come true are denoted. The economy of this country
is currently subjected to depreciations that reach 200% and inflation contained in 70% so
far. These variations are due to international crises and nations that the country has had
to control, in addition to its political changes with divergent ideals that have not allowed
it to concentrate on a specific plan to exceed expectations regarding its growth in the
coming years.
Subsequently, the foreign investment that was had in the nation was used to increase and
improve the agrarian part with railways and necessary materials within this area. After
that, the country was in a process of urbanization. While this is true, it could have been
beneficial, but it was not. In the end, foreign investors ended up controlling half of
Argentine capital in 1913. In this aspect, decentralization interferes together with the
following decision-making that took place in Argentina to deduce the end of this
development until today. The crisis of 1929 also seriously affected the nation and it is
|that when the price of agricultural products fell, the economy also had its decline and it
was not until 5 years later that it managed to recover from said devastating consequences.
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II.2. Domains of human development:
● People: the human development approach focuses on improving the lives people
lead rather than assuming that economic growth will lead, automatically, to
greater opportunities for all.
● Opportunities: This means developing people’s abilities and giving them a chance
to use them. Three foundations for human development are to live a healthy and
creative life, to be knowledgeable, and to have access to resources needed for a
decent standard of living. Many other aspects are important too, especially in
helping to create the right conditions for human development, such as
environmental sustainability or equality between men and women.
● Choices: human development is, fundamentally, about more choice. It is about
providing people with opportunities, not insisting that they make use of them. No
one can guarantee human happiness, and the choices people make are their own
concern. The process of development – human development - should at least
create an environment for people, individually and collectively, to develop to their
full potential and to have a reasonable chance of leading productive and creative
lives that they value.
II.3. Human Development and the Capabilities approach:
To refer to the concept of Human Development, it is necessary to resort, at least very
briefly, to the capabilities approach (10). This perspective, pioneered by Amartya Sen, is
based on the recognition of the capacities of people to access a decent life, obtain a well-
being that should not only respond to basic satisfactions but also to other non-material
needs such as freedom of expression, thought and capacity for social interaction; that is,
monetary income is rejected as the only measure of well-being and instead proposes “to
define it as the freedom of individuals to live a life that allow them to realize their
potential” (ECLAC-ILO: 2003:5).
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This approach, adopted by the United Nations Development Program (UNDP) to define
Human Development, proposes a more comprehensive concept than the two approaches
previously mentioned. Human Development is proposed as an overcoming paradigm in
the sense that it does not focus on economic development and does highlight the human
dimension of it (Cf. Muñoz González and Vissetaca, 2015).
II.4. Determining factors:
● Capital: This leads to development to the extent that capital is applied in the only
profitable investment that the world has today…. invest in the human being.
● Technology: It contributes to human development to the extent that it expands
human capacity and does not replace it. Technological and economic development
that does not contribute to promoting a better world and quality of life cannot be
considered progress. The technology has two components, the physical one
represented by the devices, and the logical one that includes the ability, expertise
and dexterity to use that equipment, as well as the social acceptance to its use. It
is important that both are developed.
● Natural resources: As long as these are exploited rationally, considering the
ecological balance in which man is immersed. They are useful to reinforce the
resources that man needs.
● Health: Understood as complete biopsychosocial and spiritual well-being allows
human beings to express their creative capacity and productivity.
III. Key concepts:
- Human development: According to UNDP this word defines the link between
economic growth and its development, taking into account other factors such as
GDP, employment, redistribution with growth and the satisfaction of people with
respect to their basic needs.
- Human Development Index (HDI): It is a summary measure for assessing long-
term progress in three basic dimensions of human development: a long and
healthy life, access to knowledge and a decent standard of living.
- Inequality-adjusted HDI (IHDI): It is an average measure of basic human
development achievements in a country.
- Gender Development Index (GDI): Measures gender inequalities in
achievement in three basic dimensions of human development: health (measured
by female and male life expectancy at birth), education (measured by female and
male expected years of schooling for children and mean years for adults aged 25
years and older) and command over economic resources (measured by female and
male estimated GNI per capita).
- Gender Inequality Index (GII): It reflects gender-based inequalities in three
dimensions – reproductive health, empowerment, and economic activity.
- Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI): which identifies multiple overlapping
deprivation suffered by individuals in: health, education and standard of living.
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- Delegation: Refers to the transfer of decision-making authority from the central
administration to local authorities for pre-defined activities. It usually involves
the distribution of fiscal resources to the local level, accompanied by specific
instructions about their allocation. Since the central administration retains the
power of re-allocating resources, this form of decentralization has some of the
characteristics of a principal agent relationship, with the central government as
the principal and local governments as the agents. Federal governments in recently
independent countries are most likely to choose this type of decentralization.
- Deconcentration: It refers to the dispersion of activities, previously carried out
by the central government, to local bodies, while the center retains control over
decision-making so that, local officials remain accountable to the central
administration. As a result, local authorities are able to make very few decisions
without referring to the center. This type of decentralization is often found in
unitary systems of government.
IV. Current situation
According to the National Institute of Statistics and Censuses of the Republic of
Argentina, in socioeconomic terms, between the first semester and the second, the country
has experienced a significant increase in the number and percentage of citizens living in
poverty and indigence. This is shown in the following infographic:
Source: INEC - EPH - Incidence of poverty and indigence
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On the one hand, one can see that in the first semester of 2021 goods such as
clothing, transportation, education, health, etc. In the second half of the same, of the 9.4
million households that were surveyed, 27.9% of families were living in poverty. In other
words, while 2.6 million households had the basic food basket, but did not have access to
other services and basic year, of the 29 million people, 37.3%, that is, 10.8 million were
living in poverty. On the other hand, indigence, which only refers to the capacity of a
household to cover the basic food basket, but not other basic services, were in the same
poor situation, since there was an increase of 2.1% between the first and the second
semester of 2021, and this resulted with an increase of 6.4 million people in a condition
of indigence.
One can note that, as the number of surveyed people increased, the percentage of
poor and indigent people also increased, which indicates that, if the total population of
Argentina (approximately 45 million) were surveyed, the percentage of people in these
conditions could be higher reaching even almost 50%, thus reflecting a critical economic
situation in the country. In view of this, according to ambassador Martín García Moritán,
Argentina is looking for a comprehensive support plan for the people of Argentina to
ensure a decent living from childhood to old age. An example of this is the "National
Early Childhood Plan" aimed to ensure that children have equal opportunities for
development in the first years of their life, regardless of their place of birth and social
status. Similarly, the "National Youth Plan" provides a space for assistance and support
to young people between 15 and 24 years of age and provides them with training tools
such as workshops, training in information and communication technologies and
traditional trades, which favor the personal development of their life projects, and
generate the conditions for sustainable employment in the future. The "National Social
Protection Plan", which seeks to guarantee social rights through direct support to families.
There is also the "Plan for Popular Economy", which seeks to promote the
commercialization of products, and the “Social Income with Work Program”, which
seeks to increase the employability of qualified professionals. Thus, there are other
programs that Argentina has been implementing to improve the socioeconomic condition
of Argentinian people and in this way improve their quality of life.
On the other hand, regarding the educational panorama, according to the most recent
report of the Center for the Study of Argentine Education of Belgrano University,
Argentina has experienced an educational setback due to the pandemic, which is greater
in students with a low socioeconomic level. This problem is indicated by the results of
Operativo Aprender conducted in 2021 among 23 000 schools, which suggests that the
number of sixth grade students with low knowledge in Mathematics increased, compared
to 2016. Additionally, the number of students with low knowledge and low
socioeconomic level quadrupled those of high socioeconomic level, showing that
socioeconomic level is a determining factor in the education of students.
As a result of covid-19, health too suffered a crisis according to a report by the
Government Management Magazine, published in July 2022. In 2020 the government of
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the province of Buenos Aires, in conjunction with the General Director of Culture and
Education, declared through Resolution N° 554/2020 the suspension of classroom
teaching at all educational levels for 15 days, with the same criteria established at the
national level by the National Ministry of Education. As the pandemic continued, virtual
education was introduced, adapting the traditional curriculum to one oriented to virtual
classes, known as “Priority Curriculum". After almost a year of online teaching, with the
arrival of the vaccine against covid-19, in 2021, the Ministry of Health of the Province of
Buenos Aires and the Minister of the Chief of Cabinet of Ministries promulgated the
Resolution N° 10/2021 and thus approved the Jurisdictional Plan of the Province of
Buenos Aires for a safe return to face-to-face classes in all educational establishments in
those districts with preventive and mandatory social distancing, both state and privately
managed.
Recently, Argentine President Alberto Fernández announced that a plan is
underway to connect the country's schools to the Internet. He said that in the next 90 days,
2.700 educational establishments will be provided with internet service, and 10.000
schools will be implemented in the course of 2022, which will allow 3 million students
to have access to internet services. Added to the 5.2 million students already connected,
90% of the educational system will be covered by 2022.
V. Positions per blocks
SPAIN:
According to Martínez (2022) one of the main recipient countries of Argentine emigration
is Spain. Information from the National Institute of Statistics of that country records a
sustained increase in immigration of people born in Argentina from 2013 to 2019. In
2020, during the first year of the pandemic and when greater travel restrictions were set,
a drop was identified. It went from more than 31 000 to more than 20 000 people. In 2021,
meanwhile, the indicator grew again and was above that recorded in 2019, with 33,639
new migrants born in Argentina residing in Spain. As mentioned by Walter Actis,
Argentines migrate to Spain in search of better job opportunities; however, when they
arrive, many times they occupy low-skilled positions and a percentage of them become
unemployed, which negatively impacts the Spanish economy, as the number of people
without jobs increases. Furthermore, the decline of human development in Argentina had
a negative impact on the security of Spain. According to Dovetto (2019) Argentine
criminal migrants are found in greater numbers in Spain than in other countries, since,
worldwide there are 1715 Argentines in prison and the largest population is in Spain,
where there are 412 prisoners.
BRAZIL
At the end of 2019, Argentina went through a strong economic crisis, which was reflected
in the decrease of public spending, since, according to the Ministry of Economy of
Argentina, public spending in Argentina in 2019 decreased 20,735.3 million. With this,
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households in poverty condition in 2019 were 25.4%, which represented 35.5% of people
(INDEC, 2022). This crisis impacted imports from Brazil, since in that year Argentina's
exports to Brazil were reduced by 40%, impacting the Brazilian economy negatively
(Urich, 2019).
CHINA
Argentina's inflation in 2021 (inflation of 50, 9%) impacted China's economy positively,
since China, taking advantage of the unstable economic situation of the Argentines,
decided to invest US$ 23.7 billion, including Argentina in its plans to form a new world
economic axis, thus incorporating it into the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank
(AIIB). Thus, in 2021, China bought Argentine goods for about US$ 6.3 billion, about
7.9% of total Argentine exports to the world. These are about 500 products, including
soybeans, soybean oil and beef. On the other hand, Argentina imported around 5,000
goods from China, including automobiles, machinery, clothing and electrical parts,
totaling US$ 13,538 million, about 21.4% of its total foreign purchases, which is much
higher than the amount imported by China, evidencing a favorable situation towards the
Asian country (Actualidad, 2021).
EUROPE
Argentina and the European Union (EU) develop their bilateral relations within the
framework of the 1990 Framework Agreement for Economic and Trade Cooperation,
which establishes the bases for cooperation in matters of foreign trade, economy,
agriculture and industry. Despite this, historically Argentina has a history of debt with
various European countries. It took more than a century for the country to be able to
cancel a debt with Baring Brothers of England for 1 million pounds sterling (of which,
after a series of deductions, it only received half) It even owed millions to the French and
Germans as well. Despite this, Argentina (Member of Mercosur) continues to promote
dialogue with the EU, having European countries as an important diplomatic link.
ASIA
Asia Pacific is today an epicenter of Argentina's external insertion, and is projected as a
partner of singular relevance for the coming decades. Since the early 2000s, Asian
economies have emerged on Argentina's foreign agenda as recipients of agri-food exports,
in line with growing demand from China, the SEA and India. Foreign policy towards
these countries followed this incremental trend, and political actions to approach the main
markets gradually began to multiply, through high-ranking official visits, trade missions
and the signing of various kinds of bilateral agreements, among others.
AFRICA
Africa still occupies a space of low priority in the country's external relations. But its
relations are in the future panorama of the Argentine agenda, it was not particularly
affected by the historical past of this country.
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VI. POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS:
● Increasing productivity: Experts and government leaders agree that the answer to
this economic impasse lies in increasing productivity and ensuring that the
additional value resulting from this increase is not concentrated in the hands of a
few people. Considering this premise, the latest Report on Economy and
Development (RED 2016), published by CAF -Development Bank of Latin
America-, is maintained, where the idea of having better trained workers who are
able to perform successfully in the occupations required by the labor market, as
well as in other aspects of life that ensure full economic and civic inclusion, is
conceived. However, this is somewhat complicated to manage in the region.
Therefore, obstacles such as unemployment, education, informality, among
others, must be minimized. This deficit of quality human capital prevents the
region from growing to its full potential and, at the same time, limits the
population's aspirations for social mobility.
● Governance for peaceful, just and inclusive societies: People's lives are better
when government is efficient and responsive. When people from all social groups
are included in making decisions that affect their lives, and when they have equal
access to fair institutions that deliver services and administer justice, they will
have more confidence in their government. UNDP's governance work spans a
wide range of institutions, from national parliaments, supreme courts and the
national civil service, through regional and local administrations, to some of the
world's most geographically remote communities.
For this reason, a modified HDI proposal has been proposed, based on a
bibliographical and statistical reflection, which includes two fundamental
dimensions for development:
(i) Employment, as a condition from which not only derives the income
that allows the satisfaction of material needs of the individual and the overcoming
of poverty, but also the dignification of man.
ii) Democracy, as a form of government from which derives the greatest
respect and guarantee of individual and collective freedom, in line with the
development and quality of life that comes from this.
This proposal follows the indicator selection criteria and calculation logic applied
by UNDP. In the case of employment, two parameters are proposed: employment-
to-population ratio and non-vulnerable employment as a percentage of total
employment, and the Democracy Index (id) is proposed for the approximation of
freedom.
● Crisis prevention and resilience: UNDP helps reduce these risks by supporting
countries and communities to better manage conflict, prepare for and recover from
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major shocks, and integrate risk management into their investment decisions and
development planning. The sooner people can return to their homes, jobs and
schools, the sooner they can begin to thrive again. Resilience building is a
transformative process of strengthening the capacity of people, communities,
institutions and countries to prevent, anticipate, absorb, respond to and recover
from shocks. By implementing this unique solution, we focus on capacities to
address the root causes of conflict, reduce disaster risk, mitigate and adapt to the
impacts of climate change, recover from crisis, and build sustainable peace. This
has an impact that not only prevents or mitigates crisis, but also has an effect on
people's daily lives across all SDGs.
● Increased training, education and competency development: Lack of skills is one
of the factors contributing to the growing informal labor force, and the private
sector can contribute by developing programs with business chambers -modules
or diploma courses with certification- to train interested parties. For this reason,
there are options such as: Raising labor productivity, where the PI can contribute
by offering more training, education and the development of competencies in the
industries in each region of the country. Also, increase investments in research
and development (R&D) and technology adoption and raise workers' wages and
contribute to improve their welfare.
VII. QARMAS:
● How will the committee's powers enable it to implement sound action plans to
address the problem?
● To what extent does the consolidation of democracy in a country directly or
indirectly affect the Human Development Index?
● How is Argentina affected by this decline in the economic and commercial sector?
● What would the possible joint solutions to the problem be in a way that does not
harm the country's closest partners/investors?
VIII. Suggestions for the position papers
It is necessary, delegates, that you take this document as a basis for your research and
preparation and, obviously, you should delve deeper into the subject on your own. It may
be useful for you to consult information from the Organization of American States itself
and from the governments of your respective countries, as it is essential to know their
own policies and progress on the subject.
14
Regarding the position paper, it is mandatory to present the position of the assigned
country in order to be eligible for awards within the committee. The format requirements
are presented below:
● Page size in A4 with normal margin.
● The font selected will be Times New Roman with font size 11 and single spacing.
● The information should be contained on a single page, while the bibliography may
be presented on the following page.
It is necessary to mention in the document: the country represented, name of the
committee, topic and name of the delegate; at personal discretion, the educational
institution to which the delegate belongs may be included.
Also, emphasize the importance of participating actively during the sessions, from the
beginning to the end. Keep in mind that cooperation, dialogue and good communication
will always be important factors in order to activate and implement your proposals in the
room, which will then be included in the draft resolution.
Each delegate should send his or her document to: [Link]@[Link]. Until
November 27th, 11:59 p.m. Enjoy the topic to be discussed and let this serve as a reason
for constant learning. Remember to always give your best. Good luck, delegates!
IX. Bibliographic references
Actis, W. Argentina-Spain migrations. Characteristics of the different migratory
"cycles", their insertions in Spain and the impact of the current crisis. Retrieved
from:
[Link]
[Link]
Argentine Ministry of Economy (2022). Public spending Consolidated 2009-2020
bymPurpose and Function. Retrieved from:
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