PAST PERFECT
OBJETIVO: AL FINALIZAR LA UNIDAD, EL ALUMNO SERÁ CAPAZ DE USAR
EL PASADO PERFECTO EN ACCIONES COTIDIANAS.
¿Que es?
Es un tiempo pasado que se utiliza para referirnos a cosas que habían
tenido lugar en el pasado antes de que ocurriera alguna otra. Suele
acompañarse del pasado simple para expresiones completas.
USOS
• El pasado perfecto se usa para referirse a una acción que ocurrió en el
pasado antes que otra. En este caso, la primera acción se conjuga en past
perfect, mientras que la segunda, la más reciente, en pasado simple. Por
ejemplo:
I had watched the movie before I read the book (Yo había visto la película
antes de leer el libro).
• Sirve para hablar de una acción que ocurrió antes de un tiempo específico
en el pasado. Por ejemplo:
I had sleept when the clock rang at 11 PM (Ya me había dormido cuando la
alarma sonó a las 11 PM).
• Se utiliza para hablar de acciones que iniciaron en el pasado y
continuaron hasta un tiempo determinado también en el pasado. Por
ejemplo:
I had been happy in all my jobs until I got this one (Había sido feliz en
todos mis trabajos hasta que entré a este).
• Es útil para el reporte indirecto con el fin de reutilizar lo dicho por una
persona cuando esta habló en presente perfecto. Por ejemplo:
I have started a new degree →She said she had started a new
degree (Empecé una nueva carrera → Ella dijo que había empezado
una nueva carrera).
• En algunas situaciones, se puede utilizar en oraciones condicionales.
Por ejemplo:
• If you had told me before, I would have helped you (Si me hubieras
dicho antes, yo te hubiera ayudado).
Afirmative
SUBJECT + HAD + VERB PARTICIPLE + COMPLEMENT
I had bought the fruits – yo había comprado las frutas
Laura had accepted the job – Laura había aceptado el empleo
Contraction:
Had = ´d I ´d bought the fruits i had bought the fruits
Example:
I had watched the TV – yo había mirado la TV
I ´d watched the TV
SUBJECT + HAD + VERB PARTICIPLE + COMPL.
I had bought the fruits – yo había comprado las frutas
Laura had accepted the job – Laura había aceptado el empleo
Past perfect + conector + past simple
I had bought the fruits before you arrived
Laura had accepted the job when my sister called her
I had slept very well until I changed my work turn
Activity: make 4 examples using past perfect and
conectors (before, until, when) + past simple
Example: I had bought the fruits before you arrived
I had seen the taxi when the bus appeared
Negative
SUBJECT + HAD + NOT + VERB PARTICIPLE + COMPLEMENT
I had not bought the fruits – yo no había comprado las frutas
Laura hadn´t accepted the job – Laura no había aceptado el empleo
Contraction:
Had not = hadn´t
SUBJECT + HAD + NOT + VERB PARTICIPLE + COMPL.
I HAD NOT TAKEN THE KIDS TO THE SCHOOL
THE CHILD HAD NOT BOTHERED TO HIS DAD
I HADN´T BOUGHT THE GIFTS
MY SON HAD NOT FINISHED THE HOMEWORK
PAST PERFECT + CONECTOR + PAST SIMPLE
I HAD NOT TAKEN THE KIDS TO THE SCHOOL WHEN THE CLASSES BEGAN
Yo no había llevado los niños a la escuela cuando las clases comenzaron
WHEN THE CLASSES BEGAN, I HAD NOT TAKEN THE KIDS TO THE SCHOOL
Cuando las clases comenzaron, yo no había llevado los niños a la escuela
THE CHILD HAD NOT BOTHERED TO HIS DAD BECAUSE HE WAS SICK
I HADN´T BOUGHT THE GIFTS BEFORE THE PARTY BEGAN
I HADN´T BOUGHT THE GIFTS BECAUSE I FORGOT IT
MY SON HAD NOT FINISHED THE HOMEWORK BECAUSE HE WAS PLAYING
MY SON HADN´T FINISHED THE HOMEWORK UNTIL I EXPLAINED HIM
ACTIVITY: MAKE 4 EXPRESSIONS USING PAST
PERFECT IN NEGATIVE FORM AND PAST SIMPLE
WITH CONECTORS
CONECTORS:
BEFORE: ANTES QUE
BECAUSE: PORQUE
UNTIL: HASTA QUE
WHEN: CUANDO
Interrogative
HAD + SUBJECT + VERB PARTICIPLE + COMPLEMENT + ?
had you bought the fruits? – habías comprado las frutas?
had Laura accepted the job? – Laura había aceptado el empleo?
Answers:
Yes, i had
No, i hadn´t
EXAMPLES:
1. I had bought a car when you bought yours
2. I´d learned yoga when you learned box
3. I had bought a videogame when you bought your TV
4. I had danced in my house before i slept
5. Pedro had bought a house when he get married
6. l had washed the vegetables before I cooked the soup
7. He had tried the food when he was in the kitchen
8. I´d eaten that piece of bread last night when I watched the TV
9. I had accepted the job in Tampico when I lived in Tamaulipas
10. I hadn't visited the City of Cuernavaca before I had vacations
11. she had visited to her parents when it was christmas
BEFORE (ANTES)
PAST PERFECT + BEFORE + PASADO SIMPLE
• l had washed the vegetables before I cooked the soup
yo habia lavado los vegetales antes de que yo cocinara la sopa
• I had cooked the dine before you arrived
yo habia cocinado la cena antes que tu llegaras
• I had finished my game before my friend watched it
yo habia terminado mi juego antes que mi amigo lo viera
WHEN (CUANDO)
PAST PERFECT + WHEN + PAST SIMPLE
We had started the party when you arrived
Nosotros habíamos comenzado la fiesta cuando tu llegaste
They had bought a new house when you knew them
Ellos habían comprado una casa nueva cuando tu los conociste
I´d learned yoga when you learned box
Yo había aprendido yoga cuando tu aprendiste box
JUST (justo)
Past perfect
Sujeto + had+ JUST + verb participio + compl. + WHEN + past simple
I had just turned off the light when the cat came in
Justo habia apagado la luz cuando el gato entro
She had just arrived when her mother searched the cellphone.
Ella justo había llegado cuando su mama busco el telefono
BY THE TIME (Cuando por fin)
By the time + pasado simple + expresión pasado perfecto
By the time I realized, the dog had bitten the sofá
cuando por fin me di cuenta, el perro había mordido el sillon
By the time i arrived, my mom had gone to the house
Cuando por fin llegue, mi mama se había ido a la casa