Geet be am not/’m not 13 years old. amfm= “| oreo YouyWe/they er spanish, are notjaren’t | hoppy. isl's He/Sheytt | is notyisn’t 13 years old? jwejth soupy Spanish? he/she) £ Yes, he/shefit weythey No, he/she/it we/they We use be to talk about: + nationality: ’m French + age: She's 16 + jobs: My mum and dd are teachers. + feelings:Areyou happy? time: It’s 10 o'clock where things are: The plates are on the table. PRACTICE, © Rewrite each sentence with the short forms ofthe underlined words. 1 Youre 16 years old. You're 2 My brother isnot very funny. 3 -AzAre you French? B: No, Lam not. 4 Weare not teachers. We are students. Sheis Australicn. © Complete each sentence with the correct form of be, 1 My sister 18, 21 not very happy this morning 3 Two of my friends ‘American. 4 your mother a doctor? B:No, she She co teacher you 12 years old? Yes,1 Cua aaa We use present simple verbs to talk about: ( + things that happen regularly: We go to school every day. + things that are always true: Summer comes after spring, We tive in Paris Uke don’t like 1Nou/We/they | Hofshest chocolate,you/we/they he/sheyit like chocolate? i Ywe/they do. : hejshejit does Ywe/they don't. No, hefsheyit doesn’t he he/sheJit form of most verbs uses the infinitive ometimes we add -es (do> does; go > goes the verb ends in a -y, we add -ies (carry > carries) RACTICE , Complete each sentence with the correct form of the verb in brackets. 1 Paul the piano every evening. (play) ai até o'clock every day. (get up) 3. My brother football. (ike) 4 My friends near me. (live) 5 Hannah to school by bus. (go) | Write the negative form of the sentences from Exercise 3, 1 Paul 21 3 My brother 4 My friends 5 Hannah Underline and correct the mistake in each sentence. 1 My father workin London, 2 Tom don't play the piano 3 Tplays football every weekend 4 Does she starts work at 9 o'clock every morning? 5 My porents doesn't watch TVin the afternoon, CONE EER aaa Frequency adverbs tell us how often something happens, always usually often sometimes Falways 99 to bed at night. usually go to bed at 1 often go to bed at 11.00 sometimes goo bed at midnight Inever go to bed at lunchtime. + Weuse frequency adverbs after the verb be: They are always happy at the weekend. + We usually put frequency adverbs before other verbs: Toften get home at 5 olock In negative sentences, frequency adverbs come between don’t/doesn’tand the verb: We don’t always get up early at the weekend. We can also use expressions like every day, twice a week, once a year to say how often something happens. We put these at the beginning or the end of sentences. Every year, we go on holiday to Teal, Thave piano lessons once a week. PRACTICE © Put the words in order to make sentences. 1 evening. /go/T/in / never / school / the /to 2. help /homework. / me/ My /my / parents /sometimes, 3 and/I/ brother / day / every / My / school. / to / walk 4 am//for/I/ late / school. / sometimes 5 always/at /hard/t/school. / work @ Make these sentences true for you. Add adverbs or other frequency expressions. 1. getup at 7 o'clock in the morning 2 have lunch atschool 3 gooutintheevening 4 goto bedat 10 o'clock 5 sleep for eight hoursMost verbs, add-ingtothe | watch watching Te infinitive find ~ finding $e Verbs endingin-e | take off-e,then | like ~ likin are/'re A YouWe/They eating aiding write writing | __|_arenot/aren’t Verbs with one repeat the lost| put- putting , I's | syllable, ending in consonontand | rum - running He/Sheytt ae | | onevonelanc one, acd-ng | | consonant | SR EE eexcrice | Am = © Complete the sentences with the present continuous form | | en ee ee of the verbs in brackets. (listen) to music. 21 (write) on email to my cousin in France. 1 om. IF 3A: (you, do) your homework? Vy ahah am | Bt No] (not). 1 (play) a set a el computer game. welthey ore. —= : a jo tem (run) to schoo! because he’s late — 5 Moria (not wash) herhair : No, hefshesit | @ Underline ond correct the spelling mistake in each ' aes sentence. We use present continuous verbs to tolk about things that are a Bent tedteling one Stfis school books happening now: 2m watching a film on TV. 2. Emma ond Anna ore puting their clothes oway, 3 Are you cookeing our lunch? 4 I'msiting in the kitchen, 5 My brother and sister are danceing in the garden,Positive/Negative forms have got UYou/We/They haven't got has got He/She a hasn't got Question forms Have you/we/they Hos hejshejit Short answers Twelthe Yes ¥ hefshejit Iwe/they No, ne/sherit 1 short answers we do not use got +s, Thave. Yes; have got se have got to talk about: things we own: I’ve got a new smartphone. how people look. She's got blue eyes. people in our families. Thave got two brothers and sister. phone, got a phone? have has, haven't, hasn't. PRACTICE © Choose the correct words in italics 1. Kelly hasn't / haven't got any shoes to wear for the part Paul and Liza has / have got two chil 2 3 My brother and I has / have got black hair | e ‘A: Has / Have we got any homework tonight? B: No, we hasn't / haver 5 All my friends has / have got smartphones. © Complete each sentence with the correct form of have got. 2 My family is very large. three brothers and two sisters. 2 We don't know what the time because we a watch: 3 My older brother Bei anewear. 4 A: Idon’tknow where my phones, you ie B:No,I 5 I'm sorry, butwe. any coffee. Gromer reference (109NTs PRU ce rata CO Countabie nouns + ore things we can cou o school, (wo teachers, three students + canbe singular or plural: one student, two students + take a, an or numbers Tam o student. Ihave three teachers. some and any + with plural countable nouns: Some students are talking an exam today. + with uncountable nouns in affirmative sentences: T'[Link] some money in my pocket. in offers or requests: Would you like some fice? Can you lend me some money, please? “Plural forms: For most nouns, add -s air, mitk, money ‘Uncountable nouns i + areth Ws we cannot count: ~ do not go otra, anor numbers tke water. ike ower + with plural nouns in negative sentences ‘and questions: | We haven't got any books with us. Have you got any questions? | + and uncountable nouns in negative sentences and questions: She hasn't got any money. Dowe have any coffee? student - students bonana - bananas Fornouns which end in -s,-ch,-sh,-x,add-es bus - buses ‘match matches dish — dishes ~ boxes For some nouns which end in for fe, change half halves ki fto-vand add-es “For nouns which end in consonant +-y, change the-y to ies ‘Some nouns are irregular knives fe wives family - families —_ | city ~cities | child ~ children man -men | woman- women person - peopleRACTICE - Complete the table with nouns from the box. | boby box bread child coffee juice knife mon | milk money person rice school strawberry | student tea teacher water Write the plural forms of the countable nouns in Exercise 1 baby ...babies Complete the sentences with a, an, some or any. 1 Would you like opie? 2 Doweneed vegetables? 3 students are not at school today, 4 Please can have water? 5 Wehaver't got coffee, 6 There's phone on the floor. |OW MUCH /MANY; A FEW, A LITTLI ula © use these words and phrases to talk about quantity, Use How much with uncountable nouns How much money hove you got? How much food do we need for our party? Use How many with plural countable nouns. How many students are in your class? How many people are coming to our party? Use a littfe (= not much) with uncountable nouns. Can I borrow a little sugar, please? There’s still a little time left. Use a few (= not many) with plural countable nouns. Can I borrow a few cups, please? There area few good films on TV tonigit lorge number) with plural countable nouns ‘and uncountable nouns. There area lot of people in the supermarket. We've got a lot of money in the bank Use no {= not any} with plural countable nouns and uncountable nouns, There are no vegetables in the kitchen, There's no milk in the fridge. PRACTICE © Choose the correct words in itales. (1) How much / How many food do we need for the party? B: I'm not sure. (2) How much / How many people are ‘coming? Az (3)A lot of /Alittle adults ond (4) alittle | o few chiléren. IK, So we need (5) alot of/a few food. And drinks? @ have (6) no / a litle drinks at the moment, B: OK. Let's get (7) 0 few /a little orange juice for the children cond (8) a few /a tle other things for the adults.dt LE Osea eae eS led We use the present continuous to talk about things that are hoppening now We're watching television at the moment. We use the present simple: + totalk about things we do regularly Tusually watch television in the evening Iwalk to school. with verbs that describe states (things that don't change), be, like, hate, have, want, love, know, understand, I like tea but I hate coffee. Thave three brothers, ond I love them all. + Wedo not usually use state verbs in the present continuous. understand German and Spanish. Hanrunderstanding German and Spanish. + The verb have isa state verb when we talk about things that don’t change. Thave two brothers. We can use the continuous form of have for actions: We're having breakiost. He's having awosh, PRACTICE © Choose the correct words in italics 1. My brother and I.g0 / are going to school by bus every day. Dan can't come out. He does /is doing his homework. 2 3 Llove/ am loving schoot holidays. 4 Ohno! It starts | is starting to rain 5 My sister and play / are playing tennis every Saturday, 6 In our family, we have / are aving o dog and three cats © Underline and correct the mistake in each sentence. 1 After school, we are usually getting home at five o'clock. ‘shi Ilisten to the news on the radio. Everyone in my family is hating cold weather. Ben is having o brother ond a sister. Jon has a shower at the moment. ouren ‘Am Ltalking too quickly? Are you understanding me? CPDL + t00+ adjective means ‘more than we need! or ‘more than is possible’ This food is too hot. (I don’t like it, or I can’t eat it) im not going swimming because the water is too cold. would like warmer water, + not+ adjective + enough means ‘less than is possible Tm not warm enough. (=1'm cold. Iwant to be warmer) This T-shirt is not big enough forme. (=[Link] bigger than © the T-shirt) hon we need’ or ‘less We can also use not enough + plural countable noun or an uncountable noun. There aren’t enough drinks for everyone. We don’t have enough money for anew car. Notice the correct word order-I'm nat warm enough. (Fo enonginwarn We don't have enough money, (+¥e-dom'trave-moneyerorgh) PRACTICE © Rewrite these sentences using not enough + the adjective in brackets. 1 Mybikeis too slow, (fost)... My. bike tort fast. enough, 2 Tom's coot is too small. (og) 3. This exercise is too hard. (easy) 4 My teais 100 cold. (hot) 5 I'mtoo young to drive. (olé) 6 ‘Those jeans are too expensive for me. (cheap) © Rewrite these sentences u: in brackets. ng too + the adjective The sea isn’t warm enough for a swim. (cold) 2. Thot bag isn’t light enough for me. (heavy) 3 Those plotes aren't clean enough. (dirty My computer isn’t fast enough. (slow) 5 I’mnot tall enough for basketball. (short)Pee aie LE use comparative adjectives to talk about the difference tween two people or things. nnah is younger than her sister. m taller than my best friend. e superlative adjectives to talk about the difference between ee or more people or things. nnah is the youngest child in tho fomily. m the tallest student in the class. We often use than after comparative adjectives: 1am younger than her. We aften use the before superlative adjectives: She is the youngest person in the fomily. We often use phrases like these after superlative adjectives: in the family, in the world, in the class (NOT of the family, of the world, of the class). one syllable (e.g. small), add-er or smaller, colder 1e smallest, thecoldest larger, nicerthan thelargest, one syllable ending in-e (e.g. large, nice), thenicest add -ror-est shortadjectives bigger, thinner the biggest, endinginvowel* | than the thinnest consonant (eg. big, thin), double the consonant and add ‘eror-est ending in-y (e.g, heavy, pretty), take | than heavier prettier | theneaviest, | je prettiest with three syllables more difficult, the most difficult ormore (eg, difficult, more important | the most important), add more | than important or most irregular adjectives | better, worse the best, (eg. good, bad) | than PRACTICE © Complete the sentences with the comparative form of the adjectives in brackets. 1 Myclassis thon my brother's class. (big) 2 Today's homework is homework. (interesting) thon yesterday's 3 Mynew bikeis than my old one. (heavy) 4 Theseais than it wos last week. (warm) 5 Theweather today is than it was uesterdau, (bad) 6 Theseshoes are too small. need ones (large) © Underline and correct the mistake in each sentence. Tam the better footballer in my class. {nna is happyer thon she was this morning, Twont to be fiterso Ido lots of exercise. What is the more expensive thing you have? Ben's opartmentis argerer than mine. Tom is taller his father. Grammer refererce eR NSE 2 Si NRE Se Oa Bare ee ee seat 0 o%e PREPOSITIONS OF TIME: AT, IN, ON pele: We use at, in and on when we talk about time, © Complete each sentence with at, in or on. clock times Igetupat six lon’t go to school ‘Sundays. ook astdbralses aos iheveckend rhe urnciee 3 Ourholiday stor eosin el stores 2sDecembe some festivals | We have parties 4 Ldomy homework, the evening, i. atNew Year 5 Musisters birthdays February mealies [attunehtine,w®——& tusually woke up tae # sinatnesetes oe | with weekend | What do you do at J and night the weekend? Toften work at ie 4 ther phrases | Pm studying at the moment. partsofthedey goto school in the morning ond come hame in the evening. ‘s months, seasons My birthday isin May. | We goon hotidey LU a insummer years Twas bor in 2002 0nd started : and corr istake in each sentence Se SaGe © Underline and correct the mistake in each sentenc e other phrases did my 4 We often go swimming in Tuesday evenings. homework in two 2 We always have a big party on the end of the year. hours. 3. My younger brother was born on 2013, weekdays Tplay football on ‘Saturdays. 4 What do you eat in breakfast time? Lets meet on 5 Let's meet on the atternoon tomorrow. on Monday evesiing 6 Idon't like working in night. dates ison3 School startson September.OBJECT PRONOUNS ae) = subject pronoun object pronoun use have/hes 0+ infinitive to talk about things that ore ——— me essary; eee | have to goto schoo! five days a week you gow use don’t have|doesn't have to + infinitive to talk about he him igs that are not necessary; |e don’t have to go to school at the weekend. a 9sitive/Negative forms ee a have to they I them yfYouWe/they don’thaveto go to school + Inmost sentences, subject pronouns go before the haste tomorrow. main verb. Object pronouns go after the main verb. (The He/Sheft — ——e _ underlined words in these sentences are subject pronouns. —— [isccent neve fe: —| The bold words are object pronouns.) : 7 ——— She likes you. sestion forms 3 Weare watching them. | Do ———_youfne/they have tegoto + Wecan use object pronouns instead ofc noun when we | hejshe __ school tomorrow? don't want to repeat the noun, Does My teacher is Mr. André. lke him. jort answers BEE) ~ object pronouns can also come otter prepositions. He's reading to them. wefthey do Vi, |e “ The teacheris talking to us. hejsheyit does. we/they don't PRACTICE No, ms doesnt, © Rewrltethe sentences, storting with the word given. ——$_— een. Do not change the meaning complete the conversation with the correct form of have -[Link] the verbs in brackets. 1 like her. She likes. me A: Hi, Do you wont to go swimming? 2 He's phoning her She's No, can’t. My sister and I (4) (help) our porents. 3. Wego to school with them, ey a: What (2 (you do)? #) uous & They're watching me To stort with 1 (3) (tidy) my bedroom, Tim ‘And your sister? (6) (tidy) her bedcoom, 5 You'rereadingtohim. too? He's ves, (5) ‘ond then she (6) 6 She'shelpingme (wosh) the car. And you? Im a:1(7) (rot do) anything! i a © Complete these sentences with pronouns. choose the correct verbs in italics. 1 Thavetwosisters.1 ke sei iich 1 Teachers have to / don't have to work in schools. 2 Mu brother's in a different class to me, but 1 goto school 2 Students have to / don't have to go to school in the with every doy holidays: 3 Mymotheris always busy. help wien 1 3 Young children have to / don't have to go to work every con. doy 4 Benond I ore with some friends. are 4 Formers have to / don’t have to work outside. playing football with | 5 Police officers have to / don't have to wear uniforms. 5 Mr. Holmes is eating his lunch. isreally enjouingSpelling of past simple regular verbs Geass un _____— “a watch-watched Verbs ending like = liked Vetsengine ould ented || syllable, ending pep rei ths es consonantand stop - stepped Most verbs in one vowel and Wie[Shet conn | was not/wasn’t ethane ‘one consonant iaiiced 7 si esterday. Verb endingina | change-y to-7 i | You/Wefthey comorontt-y lendeddved | study-stuclied were not/weren’t jenearent sy eee Irregular verbs There are many irregular past simple verbs in English. Here are some common ones. he/she/it athena a come came ves, hol ha do aid wejthey were, rink drank 1 | ect ate , wasn't. No, —heyshesit | ms i wefthe weren't. they i aie gave We use was/were to tolk about the past: 90 went We wereat school yesterday. Ournew teacher was very A interesting have had leave left Other verbs —}—__*___§ ie | aati ‘PositveMegativeforms take | took enue Le __|____b___@ | ite/shejYouwer | Srvowee | vastnight, ele home at 8.30. the did notididn't the film last nig We went on holiday to France last yeor. nog pies yy the film? hejsheyit ves, we/tney did. No, he/she/it didn't We use the past simple to talk about finished events in the past: We studied a lot today, Twatehed TV last night. We often use time expressions with past simple verbs, for example, (ast year, yesterday, a week ago. 76ACTICE complete the short conversations with the past simple form of the verbs in brackets. 1 A: Why (be) you late for school yesterday? B: Our bus (break) down, so we (walk). 2 A: What you (have) for breakfast this morning? BI (cat) toastand sags ond! (drink orange juice. 3A: What you. (cet) for your birtheay? BI (get) a new phone from my parents and my sister (give) mea T-shirt. you (a0) out yesterday? (do). We. (g0)to 5A ep (watch) the football motchon TV? B: No, (Go not). My dad ke) me to the game. It (be) great! (come) to see you this morning, but you (not be) i (be) at the dentist. B: Sorry, T complete these sentences with the past simple form of the rregular verbs in the box. begin buy feel leave make meet win 1 We home this morning at 7.30. 21 two races at the weekend but 1 very tired afterwards, 3 My brother and lunch for the whole family yesterday V1 ‘my friends in town on Saturday. We some new clothes, a todo my homework at seven o'clock. That was three hours ago. IMPERATIVES We use the imperative form when we tell someone to do ing or not to do something. Po: ive sentences Turn to page so. Be quick! Negative sentences Don't be late! Don'teat so quickly. We can make imperati Turn to page 50, please. Please don’t eat so quicily. sound more polite by adding please. We do not use subject pronouns with imperatives Get up! (not Yourget wp! Don't be late! not Bont yoerbe-tete!) We also use imperatives for + instructions or directions. Boil a litre of water. Turn left atthe end of the road. + advice. Rest as muchas possible, Don’t worry! + orders or warnings. Be quiet! Don’t touch that! + requests. Please close the door quietly + invitations. Come to my party! GommerPRACTICE © Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs in brackets. @ your phone here. (use! @) here. (shout quietly, (tlk ® here. (run) slowly. (walk) inhere. (come) the other (use) © Write sentences with imperatives. Use verbs from the bo and the words in brackets. 1. These jeans are too small for me, (some new ones} buy forget go turn wash 2. Myhands are very dirty, (ther) 3: I's Mum's birthday ott (to buy her a present) weekend. 4 The radiois really loud. (it of) Tm really tired, (to bed)We use whife to talk obout two continuous actions. Twas doing my homework while my parents were watching TV. We use when to talk about a point of time. My parents were watching TV when Igot home. was UMe/She/It was not/wasn't PRACTICE wate © Choose the correct verbs in italics. YouWe/they ANA ere rathocten 1 While we had / were having lunch, we listened were listening to the news. 2. slept / was sleeping when you phoned / were phoning this Was |__Ihe/she/it | tistening to es: were | _voufwerhey ‘music? 3 At3 o'clock this afternoon I did / was doing o maths test at school. 4 When I woke up / was waking up this morning, it rained / was raining, 5 What are you doing / were you doing at 10 o'clock last night? 1 fe © Complete the story with past forms of verbs from this list. No. he/shejit sorts You need eight past continuous verbs and two past simple PS GT verbs. we/they weren't be come drive listen read see stend stop tell travel to talk about something happening over a period of time in — fe use the past continuous: the past. Mie were watching afm et otlock ast ht Ttwasa sunny morning ond my parents, my sister to talk about two things happening at the some time: ond I (2) eve. driving olong.« busy motorway. Me atc aa aa Re We (a) to Scotland to spend the weekend. with the past simple to talk about one thing happening in with some family friends. My sister and (3) the middle of another. ‘magazines and Mum and Dad (4) tomusic When left home, my brother was eating his breakfast. vn the Earnie Salddeo We (8) bright INS (ites eas ae ENCE S28 blue lights on the road in front of us. A policeman in @ yellow jacket (6) in the middle of the road. fie) everyone to drive more slowly, After few minutes we (8) the cor. There were two fire engines at the side ofthe road near to a burning cor. Smoke (9) out ofits engine. Luckily, no- one (10) hurtPRACTICE © Complete cach sentence with canjcan’t or couldjcoulda’ Co or Wa ee) edie Oh LEAS eae 1 T've broken my arm, sot ploy tennis ot the We use can/can’tto talk about present abilities moment. Tan play the piano. 7 Arabeindllin can’t play the guitar 2 Some babies swim before they ‘Can you speak French? mk Yes, Fean. /1o, 'ean't. 31 hear what you're saying. The musicis top loud. t 4 My mother says I walk when Twas one yeoy old, but 1 when I was two. 5 Ai you cook? B:No, I © Write questions storting with can or could and then give short answers that are true for you. 21 ride a bike when you were five? Could you vide. a bike when you weve fiveZ Wes,. could 2. swim when you were three? 3 speak more than two languages? We use could/couldn't to talk about past abilities. 4 ploy basketball? Jy sister could talk before she could walk. Icouldn’t sleep lost night. Could you hear what Isaid? Yes, Fcould. / No, I couldn't. 5 both of you! nts drive? The infinitive without to follows can/can’t and couldjcouldn't The forms of can, can't, could, couldn't do not change. ican (not eens) cookchoose, help, hope, learn, offer, want je use the -ing form after: enjoy, finish, keep, hope to goto university next year. He wants to help me. Thn earning to speak Italian They were happy tose me, This exercise isn't difficult to do, She was surprised to hear Iwas il, We'd like to come ‘and see you later. Jenjoy watching ail sports. We finished doing ‘our homework Imiss seeing my friends, Thanks for helping Choose the correct words in italics. 1 T'm pleased to tell telling you the first prize is yours. My dad of 2 ered to help / helping me with my homework. 3 Tenjoy to play / playing the piano. 4 Let's finish to bed ch | watching the film before we go to 5. My brother and Tenjoy to play / playing video games. 6 Thank you for to help / helping me D Underline and correct the mistake in each sentence. 1 My friends and I always enjoy to meet in town on 2. Thope visting Brazil one day 3 Tmsorry hearing you'reil 4 Ally friends enjoy watch football 5 Do you mind to wait oBy wie We can use will/von't + infinitive without to when we talk about the Future. Positive/tiegative forms = WNourrelsherwey —wiL moron They will not/won’t | Question forms pe meeate wit Uyou/he/she/we/ see Ben they tomorrow? __ Tyou/he/shefwve No, they We can use will/won't with thes + Tthink/t don’t think Idon’t think Brazil will win the mate Tm sure you'll pass the English test. + maybe/probably/perhaps: Maybe they'll be late for the porty T'llprobably go t0 bed quite late tonight. Perhaps we'll have picnic ot the weekend, words and phrases. We con use will/wor + totalk obout things in the future. I think it will be warm and sunny tomorrow. Tm sure it won't be cold and rainy. + forsomething we decide at the time of speaking, The phone's ringing. Planswer it. PRACTICE © Complete the sentences with will or won't and the verbs in brackets, 1 We (not have) time to go shopping before we leave, 2 There's someone atthe door. 1 (go) ond see who itis. 3A you (be) away tong? B: No,1 4 Lprobobly (not pass) the maths test. think it (bo) really difficult. 5 I'msurewe (meet] again soon. @ Put the words in order to make sentences. 2. for /go / holiday / next / our / probably / Spain / to / Wall 2 be/colder/I/it / think / tomorrow. / will 3. a/have/ new / next / Perhaps / teacher / term, / we'll 4 Are//be / OK /sure /you /you'll/? 5 come/He/our/ party. / probably /to / won't Ga LO a aL lt We can use the present continuous to talk about things happening now. We can also useit to talk about future arrangements: ‘My porents are picking me up from the station tomorrow afternoon. We're having o holiday in Florida next I'm seeing the docior later fear his morning We use going to and the present continuous to talk about the future in different ways. We use going to when we talk about something we have decided Pm going to havea shower tonight. We use the present continuous when we hove an arrangement, often with other people: Tm meeting my friends at the cinema toni SENT SIMPLE FOR THE FUTURE We can use the present simple to talk about timetabled events, The shop closes at 5 pm. The train leaves at 2.65. The film starts in 10 minutes.PRACTICE © Complete the sentences with going to and a verb from the box. There is one verb you do not need to use. am/'m GE EES 1 i K do miss (not)need phone ride visit am not/’m not ieee iss going to watch 1 It'sneorly8 o'clock. You your bus. isnotfisn’t. _TVallevesing. |_iswotfsn’t _ eyeing 2. Tomorrow morning, we bikes ta school are/’re YouymerTney eee at more exercise in future oo = 4 We our coats. The sun is coming out. 5 We our grandparents atthe weekend . in @ Complete the conversations with going to. i Taio going to stayin tonight? 1 fou | have coffee for breakfast? Are you/we/they Kee you going to. have coffee 8: No, li going [Link] tea, 0 / tea. 2. A: What you / 0 this evening? Yes, he/she/it is. weithey 8:1/play a video game 1 N he(she/t | a ar iteain tomorrow? | meithey se going to + infinitive to talk about future plans: I'm going to spend all evening on my homework. I'm not going to fall asleep, things we predict because of something we can see or because of information we have now: My older sister is going to have c baby. flock oregon ics It’s going to rain. Look at those dark clouds. | B: No. Look at the red shy. It/ sunny all doy, vhat you / do when you leave school? 5 A: your team, win the match? B: No, the other team is much better. We / lose. PRACTICE © Choose the best verb form initalics. 4. From now on, I'm going to eat / eating less fast food. 2. We're going to catch / catching the 8.40 train tomorrow. I hove the tickets. 3 [ve got toothache, so I’m going to see / seeing the dentist at 9.10 tomorrow. 4 As What are you going to do / doing when you get home? B:1'm going to phone / phoning mu friend. 5. We're going to have / having o porty on Sunday. It storts ot 7.30. Grammer referenceUse musi/mustn't+ fe without t + to talk about something thats important and when there is 0 choice: /emust be /e mustn't be late. + togive strong adi You must be careful when You mustn’t cross u school by 8.30 every morning ou cross the road put looking snot change its form. must wear a uniform for You/He/She/We/They | school mustn't be late for school. + We donot usually use must in questions. hat time do we have to be at school? Do you have to wear a uniform for sch + Totalk about the past, use had t /e had to be ot fe had to take an exam. Complete the sentences with must/mustn’t and verbs from the box. be finish tun tok use wear 1 Be quick! We ate or well miss the startof the flr 2 You rainers when you play tennis. 3 You across the road. It's very dangerous 4 Shh. You library 5 tin the cinema 61 ny homework by tomorron Complete the advice to tourists. Use must or mustn’t and, verb, 1 the museum. It’s really interesting! 2 the toxis, They're very expensive. Use the 3 ‘a pizza restaurant. They have fantos! 4 your passport. Keep it somewhere saf 5 the cathedral. It’s a beautiful buildingEUR EEC! We use the first conditional to talk about likely situations) actions, werur welll catch the bus. we don'trun, “ne won't catch the bus The conditional clause can start or finish the sentence. If you work hard, you'll pass your exam. (There is a comma, after the conditional clause) You'll pass your exam if you work hard. (There is no comma after the main clause) We can use the first conditional to talk about the future, but We use a present tense verb after if If you work hord, you'll pass your exam. (NOT Ht youvitworkhard-you'tpessyourexam ) \CTICE Complete the first conditional sentences with the correct form of the verbs in brackets. 1 ii (see) my brother, 1 (tel) him to text you. 2 You (hurt) yourselFif you (fold over on the ice. 3 Iiwe (not catch) the 10 o'clock bus, we (have) to wait foran hour. & You (be) late for school if you (not leave) soon. 5 Ifthe music (woke) the baby. (be) loud, it @ Put the words in order to make first conditional sentences. Don't forget to add commas to some sentences, 1 earn / get/a holiday job /1/T'l/if/ money, It 2. obike / buy / enough money / have /1/T'l/ If ri 3 @/bike /to go /hhave/1/1ll/ If /use /to schoot/it if 4 my bike /fit / get /1/ TI ride /to school rll 5 a bike / by bus /don’thave / enough money / for / go /1/ PL/If/ money / to schi If 6 bybus /fit/get/ go /1/1/IF/ to school /won't Iwon't irr ni ©Ra nade Ot A La cL a people tings aes someone/somebody something somewhere Jang cnyone/anyoody —_anuthing anywhere “every everyone/everybody everything everywhere “no one/nabody __nathing | nowhere + Wecon use someone or somebody for a person we don't know. There's someone/somebody in the swimming pool. (=1 don't know who itis.) + Use anyone or enybody in questions and negative sentences. Isanyone coming swimming with me? Idon't know anybody in the team. (not ¥don’t know nobody intheteam) + Wecon use something for a thing we don't know. ve got something in my eye. (=I don't know what itis) + Wecan also use something to make an offer. Would you like something to drink? + Use anything in questions and negative sentences. Are you doing anything at the weekend? Do you want anything to eat? + We use no onejnobody and nothing to talk about ‘no people or‘na things’. We use a positive verb with no one{nobody ‘and nothing. ‘No one/Nobody went to school yesterday. (= There were no people at school yesterday.) We have nothing to do this afternoon. Inot Wedon'thave-nothing te dotine-ofterncon.| + Weuse everyone/everybody and everything to talk about ‘oll people’ and ‘all things’. We use a singular verb with everyonejeverybody, and everything. Tomis friendly with everyone. Everybody likes Tom. (not & ryonetine fom: Everything in this shop Is expensive. (not Everything in-this- shops PRACTICE © Rewrite these sentences using the words in brackets, 1 Allthe people in my class enjoy football. (everyone) 2 There areno people here. (nobody) 3. Thats a person I know. (someone! My bag is empty, (nothing) Did you phone a person this morning? (anyone) 6 Where are all the people? (everybody © Underline and correct the mistakes in the sentences. One sentenceis correct. 1. Nothing doesn't worry me. 2. Everything in the garden are beautiful 3. Nobody didn't come to see us yesterday, 4 Somebody phoned me yesterday evening, 5 Everyone love summer holidays,aa ostie/Negotive forms ie T/You/We/They have/re have not/haven’t been to Australio. oe has/’s "learned to cook. Heyshe/t has not/hasn’t he/she/it Hyou/we/they Yes, he/shesit Tyou/we/they we j allica/inithey he/shefit The past participle form of regular verbsis the some os the past simple: walk - watked smile ~smiled You will need to learn the past participle form of irregular verbs. Here are some common examples. be been break broken done eaten found got had met seen speck spoken + Wecan use the present perfect to talk obout our experiences: I've seen oll the Hor books. ¥y Potter films, but Thaven't read the + We do not usually soy when something happened with the present perfect: ve been to India. (not ve been-te-indiaiest year) + Use the past simple to say when something happened: I went to India last year. + We often use ever (ever= in your life) Have you ever been to India? Have you ever met someone fomous? present perfect questions We con use never to talk about things we have not done in ourlife: She's never been to India. He's never met anyone famous. PRACTICE @ Complete the sentences with the present perfect of the verb in brackets. 2 Myfother (meet) the president of our country, 2 (never be) in a plane 3 youever (travel) to another country? % Mybrother (win) a prize ot school. 5 Mysister. (never swim) in the sea @ Choose the correct verbs in italics. Ben: Hi, Tim. (1) I didn’t see / haven't seen you last week. Where were you? Tim: On holiday in the US. (2) Did you ever go / Have you ever been there? Ben: No, I (3) didn’t / haven't. But my parents (4) went / have been there three or four times. You should go. 1(5) went / have been twice.PRACTICE SEE gE © Complete the table with this advice to students before + Use shoull/shouldn't ~ infinitive to give someone advice: ‘an exom. You should do more exercise. ———— ie = You shouldn't eat too much before you go to bed. Gotobed early. ‘Work ate the day before, Ask parents or friends to help you, You should ... You shouldn't © Complete the sentences with should/shouldn't and verbs from the box. arrive drink eat get ride wear 1 Ifit's very hot, you lots of woter. 2 Ifit’s cold, you your hot and coat. 3 You too much sugar. It's bad for your teeth & You that bike. There's a problem with it 5 Ifyou're alwoys tired, you more sleep. 6 Students ate for school Positive/Negative forms 1/He/She/ You/We/ should eat more fruit and vegetables. They shouldn't eat a lot of fast food. Question forms and short answers Yyoujwe/they ask Should ta Y ask someone to he/she help me? T/you/we/they ‘es ° , should. he/she Tyouswe/they No, 7 Y shouldn't. hejshe>RESENT PERFECT WITH FOR AND SINCE VL c can use the present perfect with since and ferto talkabout Use may and might (not + infinitive when we are not sure mething that torted in the past and continues up to the ‘about something inthe present or the future esent Jenny might be too busy tohelpus atthe moment. re known my best friend for along time. (1 stllknow my Itmay be sunny tomorrow st friend now.) ‘My parents might buy a new cor next week. Itmay not rain this evening r We might not go to Jack’s party at the weekend. 2 the present perfect with forto talk about a period of time J studied English for six years PRACTICE ve lived in Berlin for three months. © Ben asks siv of his friends if thay are coming to his party, Here are their replies. Who is going to the party? nee 1 [might come. I'll tell you tomorrow. (Suzie) 2 the present perfect with since to talk abot uation started, 2 Not sure, Imay have to check with my parents. (Hannah) e studied English since 2015, 3 YeerRbeheie(roM) ve lived in Belin since June. 4 Probably not. -may have to go out with my parents RACTICE (ike) Complete the toble with time phrases from the box. 5 Ofcourse. What time doesit stort? Julie) (DURRRUESOAUAOIGSUIGHNGEREGTD) © Thopeso, but may havetowork. (Ryan) mybirthdoy October 12th ten minutes disendornalle tireeweers OMorhsectenceri-ewitisertenees oct 12months yesterday 1 I'mfeeling really tired, = Neue 2 T'mreally hungry. b rmnot cling very well 3. Imay phone my dad. € We might move house. T might not go to school. oS EmnIgiENog ees d I might be busy. My dad hos a new § Wy cad hes one op € I might go to bed early, 6 Don't call me tonight. Choose the correct words or phrases in italics. ey 1 Thoven’t seen my sister for last weekend / two weeks. f Imight hove something to eat. 2. My parents have been married for 1999 / 14 years 3 Thoven't done any homework since last weekend / two weeks. 4 T've had my bike since January / six months. 5 My father has worked as a doctor for 1994 / 23 years. 6 Juan has played the quitar since the age of nine) Grammar eterenceEE ane OS aimee ahem We form the passive by using the correct form of be followed form of the verbs in brackets x 2 post participle Ee t by the post porticip 21 Alotoftea (grow) in China. qt 2 Millions of bottles of water (sell) every day, We feed our cat twice a | Curcattetedwicea day 3 Interesting films (show) ot the cinema A doy. | my tov, They bul urschoolin Ourstoolwasbultin 22. Our fie ra alot wc 2012. | 5 Theroad (close) today because ofthe | storm Q © Complete the sentences with the past simple passive form of the verbs in the box. build close give send take tell 3 1 Ourhouse five years ago. 2 We how to get out if there was a firein the building, | 3 Thecar factory in our town two yearsago, | Nobody works there now. at new watch for my birthday. | 5 These photos on my phone. eI this email yesterdoy, | We use passive verbs rather than active verbs when: ‘+ wedon’t know who did the action. My bike was stolen last week. (I don't know who stole it.) + we are more interested in viho or what is affected by the action of the verb thon who or what does the action, My trainers were made in China, (The focusison my trainers rather than where someone made them.) We were given a lot of homework to do in the holidays. (Here, ve are the focus, not the homework or the teachers who gove the homework.) + Tosay who did something, we u person or thing: My stolen bike was found by the police. These shoes were made by my grandfather. the passive +by + theSSNs aL A eee use just, already and yet with pre k about things that have happened b: rection with now, cent perfect verbs to fore now but havea t Use justo talk about something that happened a short time ago. We put just between hovejhas and the past participle. I've just spoken to my fiend Pou My dad has just got home from school. eady Use already to talk about something that happened before now or before we expected. We've already told Mike where the match is. (Mike knows, 50 you don’t need to tell him.) Have you already finished your homework? That was quick! (The speaker did not expect this. I’ve already had my lunch. ('™m not hungry now.) We put already between have/has and the past participle or at the end of a sentence. ve already seen him. / ve seen him already. t yet (= until now) is used in negative sentences and questions to talk about things we plan todo in the future, but which are not done. Yet is placed at the end of a sentence: Have you finished your homework yet? Thaven’t read youremail yet. PRACTICE © Put the word in brackets in the correct position in these sentences. 1 Have you tided your bedroom 2 (yet) 2 They've finisheo project. (already) their school 3. Imreally hot.1've (ust) run home from college 4 [don't want to watch that programme. I've seenit twice. (clrecdy) 5 Tonio doesn’t want togotobed She isn’t tired. (yet) @ Put the words in order to make sentences. 1 I/haven't//my [new / shoes / worn / yet 2. eating. / finished / ust /We've 3 olready /all/ friends. /'ve /my / texted 4 book finished / Have /reading / that / yet? / you 5 brother. /I've /just / my / older / phoned Grammer referencAphrasol verb is a verb with two or three parts. The meaning of the verb is sometimes different from the meaning of its separote parts. Phrasol verbs can combine verbs with prepositions or adverbs. This section focuses on phrasal verbs related to four topics: getting about, in the morning, people and communication ‘ond other phrasal verbs. GETTING ABOUT © Match the phrasal verbs to the def come in get back come round ) pick (someone) up take off = return =leave the ground (a plane) ions below. = visit someone's house =enter a place = collect someone from somewhere . \ < \ PRACTICE © Complete the sentences with the correct form of the phrasal verbs from Exercise 1. 1 Ourplane. tomorrow afternoon. 2 We're away for a few days, but I call you when we at three o'clock 3 Yesterday evening my dad from school in his car. 4 You look tired. Why don’t you ond sit down, SI to uour house yesterday but you were out. © Write a sentence using each of the phrasal verbs. 132 Bu ae OLS @ Match the phrasal verbs to the definitions below. f Getup goou putsomethingon \ takesomethingoff wakeup = stop wearing top sleeping yet out of bed = leave PRACTICE © Complete the sentences with the correct form of the phrasal verbs from Exercise 1. 2 Tusually ot 6.30and ¢ then listen to music for 20 minutes. 2. My dad calls me at 6.50 ond1 out of bed, 3 Next my night clothes have a shower. 4 Thenl my school uniform and have breokfast. 5 Tusually at about 7.45 tocatch the busto schoo! © Write o sentence using each of the phrasal verbs.[d3e) ge PA LECT ) Match the phrasal verbs to the definitions below. aan EGS @ Match the phrasal verbs to the definitions below. call someoneback findout getonwithsomeone | grow up _lookafter =become an adult =returna phone call et information about =toke care of =be friendly with someone RACTICE ) Complete the sentences with the correct form of the phrasal verbs from the box. 1 Ineed to my little sister while my parents are out. 21 very well with all my brothers and sisters. 3 There’so car outside our house. I want to ‘who it belongs to. 4 Sorry, [have to hurry. I'l you tomorrow. 5 We live in the city now, but my parents ina small village | Write a sentence using each of the phrasal verbs. fillin giveback liedown tryon tumoff — ) = usually something you do before you go to sleep = stop o machine or light fram working = write information on a form = give something to the person who gave itto you =put on clothes to see ifthey fit PRACTICE @ Complete the sentences with the correct form of the phrasal verbs from Exercise 1 1 T've got abad headache, so I’m going to 2 Don't forget to the lights when you leave the building, 3 Lolways. shoes before I buy them. 4 Togeto passport you have to alot of forms. 5 When are you going to the book I lent you? © Write a sentence using each of the phrasal verbs.Piers Poastcinole[oestvartcle iver estate Ppastparieos | be become begin break bulla burn buy catch choose come cost cut do draw dream drink drive eat fol feel find fly forget get give go grow have hear hit hurt keep know learn leove tet tie lose make mean pay put read ride run say sell 2 was / were became ‘began broke built burnt / burned bought caught chose came cost cut did drew dreamt / dreamed drank drove ate fell felt found flew forgot got gave went grew hod heard hit hurt kept knew leat / learned left let lied lost made meant met paid put read rode ran was / were become begun broxen butt burnt burned bought caught chosen come cost cut done drawn dreamt /dreomed drunk driven forgotten got / gotten given been / gone grown had heard hit hurt kept known leorned lied lost made meant met paid put read ridden said sold send show shut sing sit sleep speak spell spend stand steal take teach tell think throw understand wake wear win write sent showed shut song sat slept spoke spelt / spelled spent stood stole took taught told thought threw understood woke wore won wrote sent shown shut sung sat slept spoken spelt / spelled spent stood stolen swum taken taught told thought thrown understood woken worn won vwritten