UNIDAD PROFESIONAL

INTERDISCIPLINARIA DE INGENIERÍA

CAMPUS GUANAJUATO

PROBLEMARIO 2 PARCIAL
Plantas y procesos industriales

Integrantes:
Rodríguez Meza Evelyn Nohemí
Rodríguez Negrete Daniela
Salmerón Briones Daniela María José
Silva Muñoz Arleth Michelle

Profesor:
Jesús Ernesto Corona Andrade

11/Noviembre/2025
Semestre 2026-1
 Mapa mental
Capítulo 4- Balances de materia
𝑋𝐻2 𝑆𝑂4 , 1 = 0.8
𝑋𝐻2 𝑆𝑂4 , 𝑆 = 0.4
𝑋𝐻2 𝑂, 1 = 0.16
𝑋𝐻𝑁𝑂3 𝑆 = 0.27
XIN,1= 0.04
𝑋𝐻2 𝑂,S=0.31
XIN,S=0.02
𝑋𝐻𝑁𝑂3 , 2 = 0.8
𝑚𝑠
̇ = 2000𝑙𝑏/ℎ
𝑋𝐻2 𝑂, 2 = 0.2

𝑋𝐻2 𝑆𝑂4 , 3 = 0.3

𝑋𝐻𝑁𝑂3 , 3 = 0.1
𝑋𝐻2 𝑂,3=0.6

𝑋𝐻2 𝑆𝑂4 , 4 = 0.1

𝑋𝐻𝑁𝑂3 4 = 0.1
𝑋𝐻2 𝑂,4=0.72
XIN,4=0.08

𝑋𝐻𝑁𝑂3 = 𝐻2 𝑂
Balance por componente

𝑋𝐻2 𝑆𝑂4 = 0.8 ∗ 𝑚1 + 0.3 ∗ 𝑚3 + 0.1 ∗ 𝑚4 = 0.4 ∗ 2000

𝑋𝐻𝑁𝑂3 = 0.8 ∗ 𝑚2 + 0.1 ∗ 𝑚3 + 0.1 ∗ 𝑚4 = 0.27 ∗2000
𝑋𝐻2 𝑂= 0.16*m1+0.2*m2+0.6*m3+0.72*m4=0.31*2000
XIN,= 0.04*m1+0.08*m4=0.02*2000

A) m1=2m3

0.8*2m3+0.03*m3+0.1m4=800
0.8*2m3+0.1 ∗ 𝑚3 + 0.1 ∗ 𝑚4 = 540
0.32*m3+0.2*m2+0.6*m3+0.72*m4=620
0.08*m3+0.08*m4=40

1.9m3+0.1m4=800
0.92m3+0.2m2+0.72m4=620
0.8m2+0.1𝑚3 + 0.1𝑚4 = 540
0.08m3+0.08m4=40

0.1m4=800-1.9m3
m4=8000-19.m3
m4=158.187 lb/h

m2+3m3+(8000-19m3)=2000
m2-16m3+8000=2000
m2-16m3=2000-8000
m2-16m3=-6000

0.8m2+0.1𝑚3 + 0.1(8000 − 19𝑚3) = 540

0.8m2-1.8m3+800=540
0.8m2-1.8m3=-260

m2=16m3-6000
0.8(16m3-6000)-1.8m3=-260
12.8m3-4800-1.8m3=-260
11m3=4540
m3=4540/11
m3=412.727 lb/h

m1=2m3
m1=2*412.727
m1=825.454 lb/h
B) m1=2m3 m2=3m4

2m3+3m4+m3+m4=2000
3m3+4m4=2000

0.1m3=540 -2.5m4
m3=5400-25m4

3(5400-25m4)+4m4=2000
16200-75m4+4m4=2000
m4=2000-16200/ -71
m4=200 lb/h

m3=5400-25*200
m3=400 lb/h

C) 3X=100% X=33.33%

0.8m1+0.3m3+0.1m4=0.333*2000

0.8m2+0.3m3+0.1m4=666.7

0.16m1+0.2m2+0.4m3+0.7m4=666.7

0.04m1+0.1m4=0

No es posible resolverlo

D)
𝐻2 𝑆𝑂4 = 0.8𝑚1 + 0.3𝑚3 + 0.1𝑚4
𝐻𝑁𝑂3 = 0.8𝑚2 + 0.1𝑚3 + 0.1𝑚4
𝐻2 𝑂= 0.16m1+0.2m2+0.6m3+0.72m4
IN= 0.04m1+0.08m4

Igualar 𝐻2 𝑆𝑂4 𝑦 𝐻𝑁𝑂3 𝑡𝑎𝑚𝑏𝑖𝑒𝑛 𝐻𝑁𝑂3 𝑐𝑜𝑛 𝐻2 𝑂

0.8m1+0.3m3+0.1m4=0.8m2+0.1m3+0.1m4
0.8m1+0.2m3=0.8m2 * 1/0.2
4m1+m3=4m2

0.8m2+0.1m3+0.1m4=0.16m1+0.2m2+0.6m3+0.72m4
-0.16m1+0.6m2-0.5m3-0.62m4=0
Si m3=0
m1=m2
0.44m1=0.62m4
m1/m4=0.62/0.44=31/22
XB,1=0.3
XT,1=0.55
XB,2=0.944 XT,4=0.946
XX,1= 0.15
XT,2=0.0454
XX,2= 0.0106

XX,5=0.776
n1= 1000 moles base de calculo

BALANCE POR COMPONENTE

GLOBAL

B- 0.3n1=0.944n2+XB,4 n4+XB,5 n5

T- 0.55 n1 = 0.0454 n2 + 0.946 n4 + XT,5 n5

X- 0.15 n1 = 0.0106 n2 + XX,4 n4 + 0.776 n5

mT,4= 0.92mT,1 n4= nT,4/XT,4

mT,4= 0.92(1000*0.55) n4=506/0946

mT,4= 506 moles n4=534.883 moles

mX,5= 0926*mX,1 n5=nX,5/XX,5

mX,5=0.926*(1000*0.15) n5=138.9/0.776

mX,5=138.9 moles n5=178.99 moles

B- 0.3*1000=0.944n2+XB,4 *534.883+XB,5*178.99

T- 0.55*1000= 0.0454 n2 + 0.946*534.883 + XT,5*178.99

X- 0.15*1000 = 0.0106 n2 + XX,4*534.883 + 0.776*178.99

n1=n2+n4+n5

n2=1000-534.883-178.99 XX4=8.0708/534.883

n2=286.127 moles XX4=0.01508

XT,5=31.0105/178.99 XB,4=1-0.01508-0.946

XT,5=0.1732 XB,4=0.0389

COLUMNA 1

B- 0.3n1=0.944n2+XB,3 n3 n1=n2+n3

T- 0.55n1=0.0454n2+XT,3 n3 n1=1000-286.127

X- 0.15n1= 0.0106 n2+XX,3 n3 n1=713.876 moles

XB,3= (0.3*1000)-(0.944*286.127)/713.876

XB,3=0.0417

XT,3=(0.55*1000)*(0.0454*286.127)/713.876

XT,3= 0.7522

XX,3= 1-0.7522-0.041

XX,3=0.2061

b) nB,1=0.3*1000=300 moles

nB,2=0.944*286.127=270.103 moles

%=90.034%
RELACION TEORICA RELACION REAL

2 moles 𝐹𝑒𝑆2 833.715 moles 𝐹𝑒𝑆2

= 0.266 = 0.066
15 12500𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝑂2
𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝑂2
2
100 ∗ 1000𝑔
𝑛1 = 𝑔
119.945 𝑚𝑜𝑙

𝑛1 = 833.715 𝑚𝑜𝑙

400 ∗ 1000𝑔
𝑛2 = 𝑔
32 𝑚𝑜𝑙

𝑛1 = 12500 𝑚𝑜𝑙
7.5mol𝑂2
nestequeometricos= 833.715 mol 𝐹𝑒𝑆2 ( ) REACTIVO EXCESO= 𝑂2
2 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐹𝑒𝑆2

nestequeometricos=3126.431 mol REACTIVO LIMITANTE=𝐹𝑒𝑆2

%Exceso= 12500-3126.43 / 3126.431 * 100

%Exceso=299.81%
 6.1429
3300 lb de madera 𝑋𝐶2 𝐻4 , 3 = = 0.733
8.3762
𝑛𝐶2 𝐻4 = 6.1429 𝑚𝑜𝑙
0.7692
𝑛𝐶6 𝐻6 = 0.7692 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝑋𝐶6 𝐻6 , 3 = 8.3762 = 0.092
𝑛𝐶2 𝐻2 = 0.9615 𝑚𝑜𝑙
0.9615
𝑛𝐶3 𝐻6 = 0.4048 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝑋𝐶2 𝐻2 , 3 = = 0.1148
8.3762
𝑛𝐶6 𝐻5 𝐶2 𝐶𝐻3 = 0.0978 𝑚𝑜𝑙
0.4048
𝑛 = 8.3762 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝑋𝐶3 𝐻6 , 3 = 8.3762 = 0.0483

0.0978
mC,1=0.503*1000=503 kg= 1109.115 lb 𝑋𝐶6 𝐻5 𝐶2 𝐶𝐻3 , 3 = 8.3762 = 0.0117
mH,1=0.062*1000=62 kg= 136.71 lb
mO,1= 0.435*1000=435 kg=959.175 lb

m1=2204.62 lb
nC,1=1108.9239/12 = 92.4263 lbmol
nH,1=136.6864/1= 136.711 lbmol
nO,1=959.0097/16=59.9484 lbmol

C 1108.9239=12/28
1 𝑙𝑏𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐶 2 𝑙𝑏𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐶 6 𝑙𝑏𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐶
92.4263 lbmol C= 𝑚̇ 𝐶𝑂2 , 2 (1 𝑙𝑏𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐶𝑂 )+ 0.7333 n3 (1 𝑙𝑏𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐶 )+0.092n3 (1 𝑙𝑏𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐶 )+
2 𝐻4 6 𝐻6
2 𝑙𝑏𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐶 3 𝑙𝑏𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐶 8 𝑙𝑏𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐶
0.1148𝑛3 (1 𝑙𝑏𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐶 ) + 0.0483𝑛3 ( ) + 0.0117𝑛3 ( ) + 𝑛4
2 𝐻2 1 𝑙𝑏𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐶3 𝐻6 1 𝑙𝑏𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐶6 𝐻5 𝐶2 𝐶𝐻3

2 𝑙𝑏𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝑂
O 59.9484 lbmol C= 𝑚̇ 𝐶𝑂2 , 2 (1 𝑙𝑏𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐶𝑂2)

𝑚̇ 𝐶𝑂2 , 2 = 29.97 𝑙𝑏 𝑚𝑜𝑙 = 1625.69 𝑙𝑏/ℎ

2 𝑙𝑏𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐻 4 𝑙𝑏𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐻
H 136.71 lbmol H=𝑚̇ 𝐻2 , 2 ( )+ 0.7333 n3 ( )+72/28 *0.092n3
1 𝑙𝑏𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐻2 1 𝑙𝑏𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐶2 𝐻4
6 𝑙𝑏𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐻 24 2 𝑙𝑏𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐻 36 6 𝑙𝑏𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐻 84
( )+ ∗ 0.1148𝑛3 (1 𝑙𝑏𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐶 )+ ∗ 0.0483𝑛3 (1 𝑙𝑏𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐶 )+ ∗
1 𝑙𝑏𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐶6 𝐻6 26 2 𝐻2 42 3 𝐻6 92
8 𝑙𝑏𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐻
0.0117𝑛3 (1 𝑙𝑏𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐶 )
6 𝐻5 𝐶2 𝐶𝐻3

𝑚̇ 𝐻2 , 2=136.711-22.9299=113.7565 lb/h

CO+Coque=855.2924 lb/h

𝑚̇ 𝐶𝑜𝑞𝑢𝑒 = 855.2924 − 652.4962=202.7962 lb/h

𝑚̇ 𝑃𝑟𝑜𝑑𝑢𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑠 𝑞𝑢í𝑚𝑖𝑐𝑜𝑠 = 150.7076 𝑙𝑏/ℎ

Combustible A:
• 80% CH₄, 20% N₂
Combustible B:
• 60% CH₄, 20% C₂H₆, 20% N₂
Gas de combustión (base 100 moles secos):
7% CO₂ → 7 mol
1% CO → 1 mol

7% O₂ → 7 mol

85% N₂ → 85 mol

Combustion
CH4 + 2 O2 → CO2 + 2 H2O
CH4 + 1.5 O2 → CO + 2 H2O
C2H6 + 3.5 O2 → 2 CO2 + 3 H2O
C2H6 + 2.5 O2 → 2 CO + 3 H2O

x = nCombustible A
y = nCombustible B
Composición de A:
CH4 = 0.8x
N2 = 0.2x
Composición de B:
CH4 = 0.6y, C2H6 = 0.2y, N2 = 0.2y
B.C.
Carbono en A: de CH4 → 0.8x mol C
Carbono en B: de CH4 → 0.6y mol C, de C2H6 → 0.4y mol C
Total C alimentado = 0.8x + (0.6y + 0.4y) = 0.8x + 1.0y
En los gases de combustión:
C en CO2 = 7 mol
C en CO = 1 mol
Total C en gases = 8 mol
Entonces:
0.8x + 1.0y = 8 → (1)
B.N.
N2 en A: 0.2x
N2 en B: 0.2y
N2 en aire: sea n = moles de N2 del aire
N2 total en gas combustión = 85 mol
0.2x + 0.2y + n = 85 → (2)
Aire, relación: O2 : N2 = 21 : 79 → n = (79/21) × O2_aire

B.O.
O2 entra = O2 del aire.
O2 sale = libre (7 moles) + en CO2 (7 moles) + en CO (0.5 moles)
O2 consumido en formación de H2O
O entra: 2 × O2_aire
O sale:
En CO2: 7 × 2 = 14
En CO: 1 × 1 = 1
O2 libre: 7 × 2 = 14
Total O en productos secos = 29 átomos O.
H2O formado que contiene O que viene del aire y no está contado en productos
secos.
Entonces:
O entra = 2 × O2_aire
O sale = O en (CO2, CO, O2) + O en H2O
O en H2O = ?
N del aire
De (2): 0.2x + 0.2y + n = 85
n = (79/21) × O2_aire = (79/21) × 14.5
14.5 × 79/21 = 1145.5/21 ≈ 54.5476 moles N2 del aire.
Entonces:
0.2x + 0.2y + 54.5476 = 85
0.2x + 0.2y = 30.4524
x + y = 152.262 → (3)
B.H.
H en A: CH4 0.8x → 4 H por CH4 → 3.2x átomos H
H en B: CH4 0.6y → 2.4y átomos H, C2H6 0.2y → 6 H por C2H6 → 1.2y átomos H
Total H = 3.2x + 3.6y átomos H.
H forma H2O → moles H2O = (3.2x + 3.6y) / 2.
Cada H2O tiene 1 átomo O.
Entonces O en H2O = (3.2x + 3.6y) / 2 átomos O.
B.O. Atómico
O entra = 2 × O2_aire
O sale = 29 (de productos secos) + (3.2x + 3.6y) / 2 (de H2O)
Entonces:
2 × O2_aire = 29 + (3.2x + 3.6y) / 2 → (4)
B.N2.
N2 entra: 0.2x + 0.2y + N2_aire
N2 sale: 85
N2_aire = O2_aire × (79/21)
Entonces:
0.2x + 0.2y + O2_aire × (79/21) = 85 → (5)
(1) → 0.8x + y = 8
(4) → 2 O2_aire = 29 + (3.2x + 3.6y) / 2
(5) → 0.2x + 0.2y + (79/21) O2_aire = 85

De (1): y = 8 − 0.8x
Sustituir y en (4) y (5):
(4) → 2 O2_aire = 29 + [3.2x + 3.6(8 − 0.8x)] / 2
3.2x + 28.8 − 2.88x = 0.32x + 28.8
Así:
2 O2_aire = 29 + (0.32x + 28.8) / 2
Multiplicando por 2:
4 O2_aire = 58 + 0.32x + 28.8
4 O2 = 86.8 + 0.32x
O2 = 21.7 + 0.08x

(5) → 0.2x + 0.2(8 − 0.8x) + (79/21)O2 = 85

0.2x + 1.6 − 0.16x + (79/21)O2 = 85
0.04x + 1.6 + (79/21)O2 = 85
0.04x + (79/21)O2 = 83.4
Sustituir O2:
0.04x + (79/21)(21.7 + 0.08x) = 83.4
(79/21) ≈ 3.7619
0.04x + 3.7619 × 21.7 + 3.7619 × 0.08x = 83.4
0.04x + 81.633 + 0.30095x = 83.4
0.34095x + 81.633 = 83.4
0.34095x = 1.767
x ≈ 5.182
De (1):
y = 8 − 0.8 × 5.182 = 8 − 4.1456 = 3.8544
Proporción A a B:
x / y = 5.182 / 3.8544 ≈ 1.344
 Balance por avance de reacción

𝑁𝑎𝑂𝐻 𝑛̇ 𝑁𝑎𝑂𝐻, 3 = 10 + (−2)𝜀

𝐶𝑙2 𝑛̇ 𝐶𝑙2 , 3 = 10 + (−1)𝜀

𝑁𝑎𝑂𝐶𝑙 𝑛̇ 𝑁𝑎𝑂𝐶𝑙, 3 = 0 + (1)𝜀

𝑁𝑎𝐶𝑙 𝑛̇ 𝑁𝑎𝐶𝑙, 3 = 0 + (1)𝜀

𝐻2 𝑂 𝑛̇ 𝐻2 𝑂, 3 = 33.33 + (1)𝜀

Relación teórica
2 mol NaOH/ 1 mol 𝐶𝑙2 = 2

Relación real
10 kgmol/h NaOH / 10 kgmol/h 𝐶𝑙2 =1

REACTIVO EN EXCESO= 𝐶𝑙2

REACTIVO LIMITANTE= NaOH

Fracción de conversión= % Finalización = moles que reaccionan/ moles alimentados

𝑛𝑁𝑎𝑂𝐻,1−𝑛𝑁𝑎𝑂𝐻,3
1= 𝑛𝑁𝑎𝑂𝐻,1
= 𝑛̇ NaOH,3= 10-(1*10) = 𝑛̇ NaOH= 0

𝑛̇ 𝑁𝑎𝑂𝐻, 3 = 10 + (−2)𝜀

0 = 10 + (−2)𝜀

𝑘𝑔𝑚𝑜𝑙
𝜀=5
ℎ
𝑘𝑔𝑚𝑜𝑙
𝑛̇ 𝐶𝑙2 , 3 = 5 ℎ

𝑘𝑔𝑚𝑜𝑙
𝑛̇ 𝑁𝑎𝑂𝐶𝑙, 3 = 5 ℎ

𝑘𝑔𝑚𝑜𝑙
𝑛̇ 𝑁𝑎𝐶𝑙, 3 = 5
ℎ
𝑘𝑔𝑚𝑜𝑙
𝑛̇ 𝐻2 𝑂, 3 = 38.33
ℎ
𝑘𝑔𝑚𝑜𝑙
𝑛̇ 3 = 53.33
ℎ
 𝑛𝑁𝑎𝑂𝐻,1−𝑛𝑁𝑎𝑂𝐻,3
0.6= 𝑛𝑁𝑎𝑂𝐻,1
= 𝑛̇ NaOH,3= 10-(0.6*10) = 𝑛̇ NaOH= 4 kgmol/h

𝑛̇ 𝑁𝑎𝑂𝐻, 3 = 10 + (−2)𝜀

4 = 10 + (−2)𝜀

𝑘𝑔𝑚𝑜𝑙
𝜀=3
ℎ
𝑘𝑔𝑚𝑜𝑙
𝑛̇ 𝑁𝑎𝑂𝐻 = 4
ℎ
𝑘𝑔𝑚𝑜𝑙
𝑛̇ 𝐶𝑙2 , 3 = 7
ℎ

𝑘𝑔𝑚𝑜𝑙
𝑛̇ 𝑁𝑎𝑂𝐶𝑙, 3 = 3 ℎ

𝑘𝑔𝑚𝑜𝑙
𝑛̇ 𝑁𝑎𝐶𝑙, 3 = 3
ℎ
𝑘𝑔𝑚𝑜𝑙
𝑛̇ 𝐻2 𝑂, 3 = 36.33
ℎ
𝑘𝑔𝑚𝑜𝑙
𝑛̇ 3 = 53.33
ℎ
 𝑚̇1=1 mol/h

87%

4 mol 𝐵𝐶𝑙3 -> 3 mol 𝑆𝑖𝐶𝑙4

𝑚𝑜𝑙
𝑛̇ 𝐵𝐶𝑙3 , 1 ∗ % = 1 ∗ 0.87 = 0.87𝑚𝑜𝑙𝐵𝐶𝑙3
ℎ
3𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑆𝑖𝐶𝑙4
𝑛̇ 𝑆𝑖𝐶𝑙4 , 2 = 𝑛̇ 𝐵𝐶𝑙3 , 1 ( )
4 mol 𝐵𝐶𝑙3

𝑛̇ 𝑆𝑖𝐶𝑙4 , 2 = 0.6525 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑆𝑖𝐶𝑙4

El 87% de 𝐵𝐶𝑙3 𝑠𝑒 𝑞𝑢𝑒𝑚𝑎 𝑒𝑙 13% 𝑠𝑒 𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑖𝑐𝑙𝑎

𝑛̇ R= 1 mol * 0.13 =0.13 mol

Razón molar= Reciclaje/ moles 𝑆𝑖𝐶𝑙4 , 2

Razón molar= 0.13 mol/ 0.6525 mol = 0.1992