Chapter 4 Multipressure Systems A roultpresure system ie refigoration system that has two or more lowalde premures The Tow-ide pressure is the pressure ofthe reirgeran between the expansion valve andthe Ibtake ofthe compressor Amulipressore sytem is distinguished ffom the single preeure system, which hes but one Tow-side Removal of Flash Gas ee ee etter suo hatha ron tig pe, SUR Sie openness ‘Span srs when tpn sed of vper Se ee a rae kw poi sets era Rutrgeration and Air Conditioning 79 ee Pig 4-1 Flash tank for removing Mash gus Intercooling Intercooling between two stages of compression reduces the work of compression per kilogram of vapor Intercoling in a ‘efrigeration system can be accomplished with awatercoled heat fxchangeror by using refrigerant. The watercooledintereenler may be satisfactory for twostage air compression, but for fefrigerant compression the water ts usually not cold enough ‘The alternate method uses liquid verigerant from the condenser to do the intercooling. Discharge gas from the low stage sor bubbles through the liguid in the intercooler rant leaves the intercoler as saturated vapor Intereooling with iquidretrgerant wil usualy decrease the total power requirements when ammonia is the refrigerant Sut not when refrigerant 12 or 22 te uwed, ‘Two evaporators and one compressor (4A) _Caleulite the power required by s system of one ‘compressor serving two evaporators, On evaporator carrier a load of 85 kW at 10°C and the other a load of 70 RW at SC. A, ck-pressure valve reduces the pressure in the 1°C evaporator to that ofthe -5°C evaporator The condensing temperature ia STC. The refrigerant is ammonia, What isthe COP?wwtwioty whaes SOLUTION ‘we one “nee (comme) ar byehjehjeh,S7C #3759 bike byehy=h,at 10°C = 14716 bike hye hyat-S°C « 1456-2 kh UTC evaporator as — soon he Tati e-aisy "OOS mass flow rate, m, = SC evaporator flow rate, m= ‘otal mass flow rate, = 00319 + 00648 = 0.0967 kes mb =m he mhy (0.0967), = (00919)(1471 61+ (0.0648) (1456.2) b+ sisting snd», equal to4, Power « im,)(h,-h,! = (0.0967) (1668-1461 3) « 19.7 BW cop = 38210. 539 197“Senet 4ST “wtes _— ‘Two compressors and one evaporator ‘Twostage compression with intercoling and removal of fash gas is often the ideal way to serve one low-temperature vaporator This system requires less power than with a single Compressor, and often the saving in power will justify the cst of| the extra equipment. (4-2) Calculate the power required in an ammonia system which serves # 210-kW evaporator at -20°C. The system uses Two-stage compression with intercoling and removal of fash fas The condensing temperature i= 37°C. SOLUTION 1 = saturation presture at -20°C = 190.74 kPa 1 = saturation pressure at 32°C = 1299.6 kPa Intermediate pressure for minimum work, p= Sp, = WIQOTAYTIZISET= 406.3 kPa 2h, = hat 20°C = 14372 kag bh, =hlat 486.3 kPa and sequal t= 1563 kite hy =h, at 486.9 kPa = 1465.5 kg hh, =h at 1239.6 kPa and s, equal to, at SC = 351.5 klk 486.3 kPa 215.3 kik 1615 kis ‘mass flow rate through evaporator, 210 210 m= 2-20 orate hh, 14372-2153, = Mass balance about intercooler 'm,=m,andm,=m,wens TIT waa Encray balance about intercooler mh,+ mpy= mh, smh "0.172) (1563) ¢(m,)(351.5) = (0.172) (218 8) +(m,) (1485.5) 1m, = 0.208 kes Low-stage power = m,)(h;-h,) = (0.172) (1568-1437.2) =216kW igh-stage power = (m,)(h,-h,) = (0-208) 1615-1465.5) =. kW Total power, 1.6 +911 = 527 kW ‘Two compressors and two evaporators ‘The system which has two evaporators operating at different temperature is common ia industrial refrigeration affgeration ad Air Conditioning (4-3) _In.an ammonia system, one evaporator ito provide 200 KW of refrigeration at ~J0°C and sncther evaporaoy es sg provide 220 kW at 5'C. The system uses two stage comprersion with intercooling and is arranged as shown below The condensing temperature is 40°. Calculate the power required by the compressors. What is the COP of the system? [ersten ‘SOLUTION b, 1p at -B0°C = 1422.9 keg th, = hat 517 kPa and s, equal to, b= hat S°C = 1466.8 kag b= h at 1557 kPa and s, equal to, = 16251d/kg bye hy= hat 40°C = 290.6 ks ke by ehy=hyat °C = 223.2 klkg -B0°C Evaporator mass flow rate, m, = 0.167 ke/s 5°C Evaporator 200 1966.8-3908 mass flow rate, m,= 0.204 gle Heat balance about intercooler mh, + mh, ‘390 6m + (0.167) (1630) = 1468.8m + (0.167) (228.2) m= 0218 kel Refrigeration and Ai Conditioning 67 ‘mass flow rate through high-stage compressor, m, =m, +m = 0204+ 0.218 = 0.422 ke. Low-stage power = (m,)(h,-h,) = (0.167) (1630-1422.9) 3459 kW High-stage power = (m,)(b,-h,) = (0-422) (1625-1468.8) = 66.76 kW Total power = 34.59 + 66.76 = 101.4 kW cop = 220+ 200 nore 4142