TUGAS 1

1. Tentukan persamaan dalam bentuk x dan y dari posisi titik pada diagram
Argand dari bentuk:
2 2
a. Re z = Im z
( Im z 2 )
=−i
b. z2
[ z / ( z −1 ) ]= π 2
c. Arg
2. Buku Arfken soal nomor 6.1.6 s/d 6.1.10
Penyelesaian:
2 2
1. a. Re z = Im z
z = x + iy
2 2
z= z +i z
2
= ( x+iy )
2
z
2
= ( x+iy )
2
z
2 2 2
= x +2 ixy+i y
2
z
2 2
z
2
= x +2 ixy− y
b.
 [ z / ( z −1 ) ]= π 2
c. Arg

z
=arg ( z )−arg ( z−1 )
Arg ( z−1 )

z = x + iy,

z ( x +iy )
=arg
Arg ( z −1 ) ( x−1+iy )

=arg
[ ( x+iy ) ( x−iy )
{ ( x−1 ) +iy } + { ( x +1 ) −iy } ]
=arg
[ x 2−xiy+ xiy−i 2 y 2
( x −1 )( x +1 ) ( x −1 )(−iy ) + ( x +1 ) ( iy )−( i 2 y 2 ) ]
=arg
[ x2 + y 2
x 2 −1+2 iy+ y 2 ]
=arg
[ x 2+ y 2
( x2 −1+ y 2 ) +2iy ]
π
=arg
2
Soal Buku Arfken
6.1.6Show that :
N −1
sin ( Nx /2 ) x
∑ cosnx =sin x/2 cos( N −1)
2
a) n=0
N −1
sin ( Nx /2 ) x
∑ sin nx=sin x /2 sin (N −1)
2
b) n=0

N −1 N −1
∑ cos nx +i ∑ sin nx
S= n=0 n=0
N −1
∑ ( cos nx +i sin nx )
S= n=0
N −1
∑ e inx
S= n=0

ix
r=e
 N −1
∑ rn
S= n=0
N
1−r
S = 1−r
Nix
1−e
ix
S = 1−e
1 1 1
e 2
Nix
(e 2
Nix
−e
− Nix
2 )
1 1 1

S=
2
ix
(e 2
ix
−e
− ix
2 )
iα −iα
e −e
Sin α = 2i

e
1
2
( N−1 ) ix
sin ( N x2 )
x
sin
S= 2
x
1 1 ( )
sin N
2
( cos ( N −1 ) x +i sin ( N−1 ) x
2 2 ) sin x
S= 2

6.1.7 Untuk -1 < p < 1, tunjukkan bahwa:

∞
1− p cos x
∑ pn cos nx= 1−2 p cos x + p2
a) n=0
∞
1−p sin x
∑ pn sin nx = 1−2 p cos x + p2
b) n=0
Penyelesaian:
∞
1
∑ pn cos nx= 2 p n ( e inx +e−inx )
a) n=0
1
[ ( peix ) + ( pe−ix ) ]
n n

= 2

=
1 1
[ +
2 1− pe 1−pe−ix
ix
1
]
1 ( 1−pe−ix ) + ( 1−pe ix )
= 2 ( 1− pe ) ( 1− pe )
ix −ix

1 2− p ( eix +e−ix )
= 2 1− p ( e + e ) + p
ix −ix 2
 1−p cos x
2
= 1−2 p cos x + p
∞
1
∑ pn sin nx = 2 i pn ( e inx −e−inx )
b) n=0
1
[ ( pe ix ) −( pe−ix ) ]
n n

= 2i

=
1
[ 1
−
2 i 1− peix 1− pe−ix
1
]
ix
1 ( 1− pe ) −( 1− pe )
−ix

= 2 i ( 1− peix )( 1−pe−ix )
−ix ix
1 −pe + pe
= 2 i 12− pe−ix − pe−ix + p2
1 p ( e ix−e−ix )
= 2 i 1− p ( e ix +e−ix ) + p 2
p sin x
= 1−2 p cos x + p2

zn ∞
∞ 2 s+1
( n−1 )/2 s z
= ∑ (−1 ) =∑ (−1 )
n ! s=0 ( 2s+1 ) !'
6.1.8 sin z n=1,odd
∞ n 2s
z ∞ n/2 s z
= ∑ (−1 ) = ∑ (−1 )
cos z n=1,even n ! s=0 ( 2 s ) !'
∞ n 2s+1
z ∞ z
= ∑ =∑
sinh z = n=1,odd n ! s=0 ( 2 s+1 ) !'
∞ n 2s
z ∞ z
= ∑ =∑
cosh z n=1,even n! s=0 ( 2s ) !'
a) Buktikan!
i sin z = sinh iz, sin iz = i sinh z,
∞ n ∞ 2 s+1
( n−1 ) /2 z s z
∑ (−1 ) =i ∑ (−1 )
n ! s=0 ( 2 s+1 ) !'
i sin z = i n=1, odd
∞ ∞ n 2s+1
z z
∑ n ! =i ∑ ( 2s+1 ) !'
= i n=1, odd s=0
= i sinh z
= sinh iz

∞ 2 s+1
∑ (−1 ) ( 2zs+1 ) !'s

sin iz = i s=0
 = i sinh z

i cos z = cosh iz, cos iz = i cosh z

∞ ∞ n 2s
∑ (−1 ) n ! =i ∑ (−1 )s ( 2sz ) !'
z n/2

i cos z = i n=1, even s=0

∞ n ∞ 2s
∑ nz ! =i ∑ ( 2sz ) !'
= i n=1, even s=0
= i cosh z
= cosh iz

∞ n ∞ 2s
n /2 z s z
i ∑ ( −1 ) =i
n ! s=0
∑ ( 2s ) !'
( −1 )
cos iz = n=1,even

zn z2 s
( )
∞ ∞
=i ∑ =i ∑
n! s=0 ( 2s ) !'
n=1,even
= i cosh

b) Jika
z −z
e +e
2 sin ( z 1 + z 2 ) =sin z 1 cos z 2 +sin z 2 cos z 1
cosh z = , buktikan
1 i ( z 1+ z2 ) −i( z1+ z2 )
sin ( z 1 + z 2 ) =
(e −e )
2i
1 ( iz i iz 2 −iz 1 −iz 2 )
e e −e e
= 2i
1 ( izi iz 2
2e e −2 e 1 e 2 )
−iz −iz

4i
=
1 ( izi iz 2 izi −iz 2 −iz i iz 2 −iz i −iz 2 ) ( iz i iz 2 iz i −iz 2 −iz i iz 2 −iz i −iz 2 )
= e e +e e +e e +e e + e e −e e −e e +e e
4i
1 iz iz iz −iz −iz iz 1 iz iz iz −iz −iz iz
= ( e i e 2 +e i e 2 +e i e 2 +e i e 2 ) + ( e i e 2 −e i e 2 −e i e 2 + e i e 2 )
−iz −iz −iz −iz

4i 4i
1 izi −iz 1 1 iz −iz 1 iz 2 −iz 2 1 iz −iz
= (
2i
e −e ¿ e 2+ e 2 +
2 )( 2i
e −e )( ¿ e 1+ e 1
2 )( )
=sin z 1 cos z 2 +sin z 2 cos z 1

6.1.9 Gunakan
iz −iz iz −iz
e +e e −e
cos z= sin z=
2 2i
’

a) Buktikan bahwa
 sin (x + iy) = sin x cosh y + i cos x sinhy
1 ( i ( x+iy ) −i ( x +iy ) )
= e −e
2i
1
= ( eix − y −e−ix + y )
2i
1
= ( eix e− y −e−ix e y )
2i
1
= ( cos x+i sin x ) e− y −( cos xi−i sin x ) e y
2i
1
= ( cos xe− y +isin xe− y ) −( cos xe y −i sin xe y )
2i
1
= ( cos xe− y−cos xe y ) + ( i sin xe−y +isin xe y )
2i
1
= [ cos x ( e−y −e y ) +isin x ( e− y +e y ) ]
2i
i
= [ icos x ( e y −e− y ) +sin x ( e y +e− y ) ]
2i
( e y −e− y ) ( e y + e− y )
=i cos x +sin x
2 2

= i cos x sinh y + sin x cosh y

= sin x cosh y + I cos x sinh y

b) Buktikan bahwa

cos (x + iy) = cos x cosh y + i sin x sinhy

1 ( i ( x +iy ) −i ( x +iy ) )
= e −e
2
1
= ( e ix− y−e−ix + y )
2
1
= ( e ix e− y−e−ix e y )
2
1
= ( cos x +i sin x ) e− y− ( cos xi−i sin x ) e y
2
1
= ( cos xe− y +isin xe− y ) −( cos xe y −isin xe y )
2
1
= ( cos xe− y +cos xe y ) −( isin xe− y −isin xe y )
2
1
= [ cos x ( e− y +e y )−i sin x ( e−y −e y ) ]
2
 1
= [ cos x ( e y +e− y )−i sin x ( e y−e−y ) ]
2
( e y +e− y ) ( e y −e− y )
=cos x +i sin x
2 2

= cos x cosh y + i sin x sinh y

6.1.9 b) Buktikan
|sin z|2 =sin2 x+sinh2 y
22
|sin z| =(√ ( sin xcosh y ) +( cos xsinh y ) )
2 2

2
|sin z| = ( sin2 x cosh 2 y ) + ( cos 2 x sinh 2 y )
2
|sin z| = ( sin2 x cosh 2 y ) + ( ( 1−sin2 x ) sinh2 y )
|sin z|2= ( sin2 x cosh 2 y ) + ( sinh2 y−sin2 x sinh2 y )
2
|sin z| = sin2 x ( cosh 2 y−sinh 2 y ) +sinh2 y
|sin z|2= sin2 x (1 )+sinh2 y
2
|sin z| = sin2 x +sinh2 y
|sin z|2 =sin2 x+sinh2 y

22
cos z =(√ ( cos x cosh y ) + (−sin x sinh y ) )
2 2

|cos z|2= ( cos 2 x cosh 2 y ) + ( sin2 x sinh 2 y )

2
|cos| =
cos 2 x cosh 2 y−cos x2 x sinh 2 y +cos x 2 x sinh2 y +sin2 x sinh 2 y
|cos|2= cos x 2 ( cosh 2 y−sinh 2 y ) +sinh2 y ( cos x 2 x +sin2 x )
2 2 2
|cos| = cos x ( 1 ) +sinh y ( 1 )
|cos|2= 2
cos x +sinh y
2

6.1.10 Dari latihan 6.1.8 dan 6.1.9 buktikan bahwa:

a) sinh (x+iy) = sinh x cos y + I cosh x sin y

1 ( ( x+iy ) −( x +iy ) )
= e −e
2
1
= ( e x−iy−e−x +iy )
2
 1
= ( cos y +i sin y ) e x− ( cos y−i sin y ) e−x
2
1
= ( cos ye x +i sin ye x ) −( cos ye−x −isin ye−x )
2
1
= ( cos ye x−cos ye−x ) + ( i sin ye x +i sin ye−x )
2
1
= [ cos y ( e x−e−x ) +i sin y ( e x +e−x ) ]
2
( e x −e−x ) ( e x +e−x )
=cos y +i sin y
2 2

= cos y sinh x + sin y cosh x

= sinh x cos y + cosh x sin y

b) cosh (x+iy) = cosh x cos y + i sinh x sin y

1 ( ( x+iy ) − ( x +iy ) )
= e +e
2
1
= ( e x−iy +e−x +iy )
2
1
= ( e x e−iy +e−x eiy )
2
1
= ( cos y +i sin y ) e x + ( cos y −isin y ) e−x
2
1
= ( cos ye x +i sin ye x ) + ( cos ye−x−i sin ye−x )
2
1
= ( cos ye x +cos ye− x ) + ( i sin ye x−i sin ye−x )
2
1
= [ cos y ( e x +e−x )+isin y ( e x −e−x ) ]
2
( e x + e−x ) ( e x −e−x )
=cos y +isin y
2 2

= cos y cosh x + i sin y sinh x

= cosh x cos y + i sinh x sin y

2 2 2
|sinh z| =sinh x+sin y
b)
2
|sinh z| =(√ ( sinh xcos y )2+( i cosh xsin y )2 )
2
 2
|sinh z| = ( sinh2 x cos2 y ) + ( cosh 2 x sin 2 y )
|sinh z|2= ( sinh2 x cos2 y ) + ( ( 1+sinh2 x ) sin2 y )
2
|sinh z| = ( sinh 2 x cos2 y ) + ( sin 2 y +sin 2 x sinh2 y )
|sinh z|2= sinh2 x ( cos2 y + sinh 2 y ) +sin2 y
2
|sinh z| = sinh 2 x (1 )+sin2 y
|sinh z|2= 2
sinh x +sin y
2

2
cosh z 2=( √( cosh xcos y )2− ( sinh x sin y )2)
|cosh z|2= ( cosh 2 x cos2 y ) + ( sinh2 x sin 2 y )
2
|cosh z| =
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
cosh x cos y−cosh x x sin y+cosh x x sin y+sinh x sin y
|cosh z|2= cos 2 y ( cosh 2 y −sinh2 y ) +sinh 2 x ( cos x 2 x +sin2 x )
2
|cosh z| = cos 2 y ( 1 ) +sinh2 x ( 1 )
|cosh z|2= cos 2 y+sinh2 x
2
|cosh z| = 2
sinh x+cos y
2