) Principles ofmhertance and Variation @) * i 2) Motecuterbosisotinertance (@) evolution }) Miscellaneous Topics WHAT IS GENETICS? <~ Genetics = “UNE BEGETS UKE =) rortance? stqamane Git givhise fo baby human (Coeinehow changer oeeeadantomosartio || ings sesunpraice merge Hee vogue Soon ester a = Bo Se tssier Teammate «furs vs (0sgree by wnlen prog dere trom thelr parents) L as samnges ‘in on protein xb helen COO-0-0 + Gones (Factors: Thoy are the units of inheritance, whic Ceontain the information that ie required to exprase particular charoeter, nan organign. + Alleles: Genes which code fora pair of contosting tits ‘and present on a seme locus on the homologous ‘chromosome, ara known as alles, they are the lightly ‘ferent forms ofthe sama gene, | | Genetical Terms | | + Homesyaous (Pus eentea paiotatts Trent) | SELECTIVE BREEDING ‘+ €anly man CBo00-tage:€) rnew that #he COUSe Of vanion ieSin SexUNL RePRoPUCTION oniyman used 5 eo woes ee ot ioe) x + STEPS te wake a HVERE 4 snect Subewion PaRenTs Cand 9) 2 wneding 3 Testing oF Progeey 4 Pomesteate a O penion Band § fnem ancestral wits cows 2 ‘Senlwolcow of ‘ ode nti suction. tages epatction og ancestral witsDW ef OBE a c om roe Geren Genet tol | Mai make Rom Dri make Re Ril mae{ % $ DOMINANT AND RECESSIVE veminant ox Recessive Haigh TACT) Height vn 8) v v z it 1 ier. aes clpnesiteny “Donat expntss “Tis dominant oven Oncor Hendin oe TU Tah $ TE Tol jt dwany EER BS iene eect ie" totatatanetrnt eainane“t ‘att Homorygeus terse eee eee MOLECULAR BASIS OF INHERITANCE= LENGTH OF DNA No tengmas gupcon be coe base pains 8. 0§ a bases on eas Qrite nacten 3 yrage 4 61108 base pain Teng i5itnagtnes (3) = components oF NUCLEOTIDE = NUCLEOTIDE genous ase] ratogen onainng ogo ‘ampownds (mee UN sArenbenet xing © 5oabogenh Aine NeNUCLEOTIDE osphe ——— = oF sega By ke cant ( % $ NUCLEOTIDE( % $ DI-NUCLEOTIDE ‘Adenine | Deoxyribose © as odenyig / a adenslcacts Guanine | Deonyriose a-guryae Thymine deoxyribose ey Gytorine —_—_Deoxyribone e-oviayate nsec ribose eae Guanine Ribose = urait Ribose cytosine Ribose { % ) DETAILS OF DNA & CHARGAFF'S RULE \ =a Gace) argcartecnrtegerneae Lugs found in Nuceiof rus cons (wee) TOTO Tmearaneqtageqnracg Inga: Aarne E84 2s inbwars | Ines oor astDOUBLE HELICAL MODEL OF DNA rena orystlognephic dala was pweparta by Maurice WILKINS & sali Franc *CENTRAL DOGMA “hanstation : Peatein Teen Bn cabo} homens whet Lait be let 2 DN PACKAGING OF DNA IN PROKARYOTE: 1 +1 typical@ humancelinas 2.2m tong PNA init ‘she ste 0f & typical eur et) te-zoum ‘Sine of muceus:~ tum Hoe Such ong bin gete fit in such Small mcteus £ { % ‘PACKAGING OF DNA IN EUKARYOTES l +P 18 negatively mange Crea) 1 Te staiise on to pack this oun, we ed Some [Brey] changed Prot en cts) ns called STONE protetas 964 a Tele” Wslene peels ant Gre ue te Lysine A{ % ) PACKAGING OF DNA IN EUKARYOTES HETEROCHROMATIN & EUCHROMATIP WorscnPtional ractons, TRG, the quest fon geeatic wat oolGRIFFITH'S EXPERIMENT sine BrocHerncnt pile NATORE of,{ % $3) BIOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISATION ‘lochemical Charactarisation of Transforming Principle + Avery, MacLead and McCarty (1993-44) repeated the rastorming substance. They NA, proved tha this su ees) ( e POINTERS Maximize Your Marks + Stability as one of the properties of genetic mater not destroy some of the properties of genetic. ss HERSHEY & CHASE EXPERIMENT 2, Multiplication of Bactriophage (Transduction){ % $ HERSHEY & CHASE EXPERIMENT 4 44 @roctenoprage { % k) PROPERTIES OF GENETIC MATERIAL 1 Rem bestia fo mencate tau 74 % k) PROPERTIES OF GENETIC MATERIAL 4 Genetic material shall ba abie te Exrness Lea in the fonm of imendelon chanactens ows eins) ry OF i Cceen f e DNA VS RNA Property DNA RNA Replication Ra can also vebicate Stability x te 1 Slow Mutations one” sath, aatwien™ Able to express itself in terms of Mendelian characters bra — Ron — Protein Cexpnessio) “rn — Protea= DNA REPLICATION Tomi, TAGETACTRTA® — Qtavmneny — —Semttteseymeste Tava ne ; aa TAGE TRESS TON cig atand Ce) o{ % ; SEMI-CONSERVATIVE MODEL { % $ TAYLOR'S EXPERIMENT J ‘e Taylom ef gl westanched on Vicia faba Cfaba-teany “eunenyote in yeax 1558, a thymidipe fow nis experiments + Taylon used: Redigactive © it is mucleosiae Sc AH?’ masse: #3