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Create a .NET app in the App Engine flexible environment

Region ID

The REGION_ID is an abbreviated code that Google assigns based on the region you select when you create your app. The code does not correspond to a country or province, even though some region IDs may appear similar to commonly used country and province codes. For apps created after February 2020, REGION_ID.r is included in App Engine URLs. For existing apps created before this date, the region ID is optional in the URL.

Learn more about region IDs.

This quickstart demonstrates how to create and deploy an app that displays a short message. You can use the sample application in this quickstart for any supported version of .NET, by specifying the runtime version and operating system in your app.yaml file. By default, App Engine uses the latest available LTS .NET version if you don't specify a runtime version in your app.yaml file.

Before you begin

  1. Sign in to your Google Cloud account. If you're new to Google Cloud, create an account to evaluate how our products perform in real-world scenarios. New customers also get $300 in free credits to run, test, and deploy workloads.

  2. In the Google Cloud console, on the project selector page, select or create a Google Cloud project.

    Roles required to select or create a project

    • Select a project: Selecting a project doesn't require a specific IAM role—you can select any project that you've been granted a role on.
    • Create a project: To create a project, you need the Project Creator role (roles/resourcemanager.projectCreator), which contains the resourcemanager.projects.create permission. Learn how to grant roles.

    Go to project selector

  3. Verify that billing is enabled for your Google Cloud project.

  4. Enable the Cloud Build API.

    Roles required to enable APIs

    To enable APIs, you need the Service Usage Admin IAM role (roles/serviceusage.serviceUsageAdmin), which contains the serviceusage.services.enable permission. Learn how to grant roles.

    Enable the API

  5. Install the Google Cloud CLI.

  6. If you're using an external identity provider (IdP), you must first sign in to the gcloud CLI with your federated identity.

  7. To initialize the gcloud CLI, run the following command: 

    gcloud init

  8. In the Google Cloud console, on the project selector page, select or create a Google Cloud project.

    Roles required to select or create a project

    • Select a project: Selecting a project doesn't require a specific IAM role—you can select any project that you've been granted a role on.
    • Create a project: To create a project, you need the Project Creator role (roles/resourcemanager.projectCreator), which contains the resourcemanager.projects.create permission. Learn how to grant roles.

    Go to project selector

  9. Verify that billing is enabled for your Google Cloud project.

  10. Enable the Cloud Build API.

    Roles required to enable APIs

    To enable APIs, you need the Service Usage Admin IAM role (roles/serviceusage.serviceUsageAdmin), which contains the serviceusage.services.enable permission. Learn how to grant roles.

    Enable the API

  11. Install the Google Cloud CLI.

  12. If you're using an external identity provider (IdP), you must first sign in to the gcloud CLI with your federated identity.

  13. To initialize the gcloud CLI, run the following command: 

    gcloud init

Required roles

To get the permissions that you need to complete this quickstart, ask your administrator to grant you the following IAM roles:

For more information about granting roles, see Manage access to projects, folders, and organizations.

You might also be able to get the required permissions through custom roles or other predefined roles.

Additional prerequisites

  1. Initialize your App Engine app with your project and choose its region:

    gcloud app create --project=[YOUR_PROJECT_ID]

    When prompted, select the region where you want to locate your App Engine application.

  2. Install the following on your local machine:

App Engine locations

App Engine is regional, which means the infrastructure that runs your apps is located in a specific region, and Google manages it so that it is available redundantly across all of the zones within that region.

Meeting your latency, availability, or durability requirements are primary factors for selecting the region where your apps are run. You can generally select the region nearest to your app's users, but you should consider the locations where App Engine is available as well as the locations of the other Google Cloud products and services that your app uses. Using services across multiple locations can affect your app's latency as well as its pricing.

You cannot change an app's region after you set it.

If you already created an App Engine application, you can view its region by doing one of the following:

This quickstart assumes that you are familiar with building web apps with C#.

Download the Hello World app

We've created a Hello World app for App Engine so you can quickly get a feel for deploying an app to the Google Cloud. The Hello World app is similar to the app created by Visual Studio when an empty ASP.NET core app is created. The sample app adds an app.yaml file. The app.yaml file is an App Engine configuration file that specifies your runtime and other App Engine settings.

  1. Clone the Hello World sample app repository to your local machine.

    git clone https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/dotnet-docs-samples

    Alternatively, you can download the sample as a zip file and extract it.

  2. Change to the directory that contains the sample code.

       cd dotnet-docs-samples/appengine/flexible/HelloWorld

Run Hello World on your local machine

  1. Run the following commands from the dotnet-docs-samples/appengine/flexible/HelloWorld/HelloWorld.Sample directory:

    dotnet restore
dotnet run

  2. In your web browser, go to http://localhost:5000. You can see the "Hello World" message from the sample app displayed in the page. In your terminal window, press Ctrl+C to exit the web server.

Deploy and run Hello World on App Engine

  1. Run gcloud app deploy from the command line.
  2. Launch your browser and view the app at https://PROJECT_ID.REGION_ID.r.appspot.com gcloud app browse

This time, the page that displays the Hello World message is delivered by a web server running on an App Engine instance.

Congratulations! You've deployed your first App Engine app to the App Engine flexible environment!

If you encountered any errors deploying your application, check the troubleshooting tips. See the following sections for information about cleaning up as well as links to possible next steps that you can take.

Clean up

To avoid incurring charges, you can delete your Google Cloud project to stop billing for all the resources used within that project.

  1. In the Google Cloud console, go to the Manage resources page.

    Go to Manage resources

  2. In the project list, select the project that you want to delete, and then click Delete.
  3. In the dialog, type the project ID, and then click Shut down to delete the project.

What's next

Learn the whole platform

Now that you know what it's like to develop and deploy App Engine apps, you can explore the rest of Google Cloud. You already have the Google Cloud CLI installed which gives you the tools to interact with products like Cloud SQL, Cloud Storage, Firestore, and more.

Learn about the App Engine flexible environment

Here are some topics to help continue your learning about App Engine:

Hello World code review

Hello World is the simplest possible App Engine app, as it contains only one service, has only one version, and all of the code is located within the app's root directory. This section describes each of the app files in detail.

Program.cs

The Hello World app is a simple ASP.NET app:

var builder = WebApplication.CreateBuilder(args);
var app = builder.Build();

app.MapGet("/", () => builder.Configuration["My:Greeting"]);

app.Run();

app.yaml

The app.yaml file describes the following configuration for your app:

  • Sets env: flex, indicating your app uses the App Engine flexible environment.

    • Specifies the runtime used by the app. 

    runtime: aspnetcore
env: flex

runtime_config:
  operating_system: ubuntu22

# This sample incurs costs to run on the App Engine flexible environment. 
# The settings below are to reduce costs during testing and are not appropriate
# for production use. For more information, see:
# https://cloud.google.com/appengine/docs/flexible/dotnet/configuring-your-app-with-app-yaml
manual_scaling:
  instances: 1
resources:
  cpu: 1
  memory_gb: 0.5
  disk_size_gb: 10

env_variables:
  # The __ in My__Greeting will be translated to a : by ASP.NET.
  My__Greeting: Hello AppEngine!